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Ключевая Лексика Хлеба - Sourdough

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Key Bread Vocabulary
sourdough
sourdough
[существительное]

a type of bread leavened naturally using a mix of flour and water instead of commercial yeast, Known for its tangy flavor, chewy texture, and crisp crust

закваска, хлеб на закваске

закваска, хлеб на закваске

Ex: Nothing beats the smell of freshly baked sourdough bread in the morning—warm, tangy, and irresistible. 
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bread
bread
[существительное]

a type of food made from flour, water and usually yeast mixed together and baked

хлеб

хлеб

Ex: I toasted a slice of bread and spread peanut butter on it for breakfast. 
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tangy
tangy
[прилагательное]

having a sharp, refreshing taste with a slight sourness or acidity

острый, кисловатый

острый, кисловатый

Ex: The tangy citrus flavor of the lemonade was refreshing on a hot day. 
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taste
taste
[существительное]

the sense that we feel when we put food in our mouth

вкус

вкус

Ex: He liked the complex taste of the wine. 
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flour
flour
[существительное]

a fine powder made by crushing wheat or other grains, used for making bread, cakes, pasta, etc.

мука

мука

Ex: For a gluten-free option, substitute regular flour with almond flour in the cake recipe. 
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water
water
[существительное]

a liquid with no smell, taste, or color, that falls from the sky as rain, and is used for washing, cooking, drinking, etc.

вода

вода

Ex: I accidentally spilled water on my laptop, and now it won't turn on. 
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to rise
to rise
[глагол]

(of dough) to increase in volume, become lighter, and develop a fluffy texture

подниматься, всходить

подниматься, всходить

Ex: As the bread dough was left to rise, the yeast began its work, creating pockets of air that would give the loaf a soft texture. 
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yeast
yeast
[существительное]

a type of fungus capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide, used in making alcoholic drinks and bread swell

дрожжи

дрожжи

Ex: Adding a teaspoon of yeast to the pizza dough will help it rise and become fluffy. 
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store
store
[существительное]

a shop of any size or kind that sells goods

магазин

магазин

Ex: He always forgets something at the grocery store. 
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natural
natural
[прилагательное]

originating from or created by nature, not made or caused by humans

естественный

естественный

Ex: She prefers using natural ingredients in her skincare products to avoid harsh chemicals. 
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bacteria
bacteria
[существительное]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

бактерия

бактерия

Ex: Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter in the ecosystem. 
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mixture
mixture
[существительное]

any foodstuff made by combining different ingredients

смесь,  комбинация

смесь, комбинация

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unique
unique
[прилагательное]

unlike anything else and distinguished by individuality

уникальный

уникальный

Ex: Each snowflake is unique with its own pattern. 
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flavor
flavor
[существительное]

the specific taste that a type of food or drink has

вкус, привкус

вкус, привкус

Ex: He loves the tangy flavor of pickles. 
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year
year
[существительное]

a period of time that is made up of twelve months, particularly one that starts on January first and ends on December thirty-first

год

год

Ex: I'm looking forward to the new year and the opportunities it may bring. 
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modern
modern
[прилагательное]

related to the most recent time or to the present time

современный

современный

Ex: Advances in modern medicine have greatly improved life expectancy. 
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available
available
[прилагательное]

ready for being used or acquired

доступный

доступный

Ex: Is there a table available for dinner reservations tonight? 
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scientist
scientist
[существительное]

someone whose job or education is about science

ученый

ученый

Ex: As a scientist, he spends a lot of time in the lab. 
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California
California
[существительное]

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

Калифорния, Штат Калифорния

Калифорния, Штат Калифорния

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to stay
to stay
[глагол]

to continue to be in a particular condition or state

оставаться, пребывать

оставаться, пребывать

Ex: Despite the challenges, she managed to stay calm throughout the emergency. 
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fresh
fresh
[прилагательное]

(of food) recently harvested, caught, or made

свежий

свежий

Ex: He made a smoothie with fresh bananas and blueberries. 
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useful
useful
[прилагательное]

providing help when needed

полезный

полезный

Ex: The first aid kit is packed with supplies, making it incredibly useful in emergencies. 
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miner
miner
[существительное]

a person who works in a mine, extracting minerals, coal, or other valuable materials from the earth

шахтер

шахтер

Ex: Many miners suffer from lung diseases due to dust exposure. 
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warm
warm
[прилагательное]

having a temperature that is high but not hot, especially in a way that is pleasant

теплый

теплый

Ex: She dipped her feet in the warm sand on the beach. 
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ready
ready
[прилагательное]

made suitable and available for immediate use

готовый, доступный

готовый, доступный

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baker
baker
[существительное]

someone whose job is baking and selling bread and cakes

пекарь, хлебопек

пекарь, хлебопек

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salt
salt
[существительное]

a natural, white substance, obtained from mines and also found in seawater that is added to the food to make it taste better or to preserve it

соль

соль

Ex: Can you please pass the salt? 
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to knead
to knead
[глагол]

to form and press dough or wet clay with the hands

месить

месить

Ex: The baker had to knead the bread dough to develop its elasticity. 
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soft
soft
[прилагательное]

gentle to the touch

мягкий

мягкий

Ex: He wore a soft woolen scarf around his neck to stay warm. 
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to bake
to bake
[глагол]

to cook food, usually in an oven, without any extra fat or liquid

печь

печь

Ex: Bake the cookies at 350°F for 10-12 minutes until golden brown. 
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thick
thick
[прилагательное]

having a long distance between opposite sides

толстый

толстый

Ex: The tree trunk was thick, requiring multiple people to wrap their arms around it. 
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crispy
crispy
[прилагательное]

(of food) having a firm, dry texture that makes a sharp, crunching sound when broken or bitten

хрустящий

хрустящий

Ex: The fries were perfectly crispy on the outside and fluffy on the inside. 
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crust
crust
[существительное]

a hard outer layer that covers something

корка, кора

корка, кора

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to digest
to digest
[глагол]

to break down food in the body and to absorb its nutrients and necessary substances

переваривать

переваривать

Ex: Our bodies use enzymes to digest food in the stomach. 
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vitamin
vitamin
[существительное]

natural substances that are found in food, which the body needs in small amounts to remain healthy, such as vitamin A, B, etc.

витамин

витамин

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space
space
[существительное]

any area beyond the Earth's atmosphere

космос

космос

Ex: Astronauts trained for travel in space. 
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astronaut
astronaut
[существительное]

someone who is trained to travel and work in space

космонавт

космонавт

Ex: She fulfilled her childhood dream of becoming an astronaut and traveled to the International Space Station. 
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international
international
[прилагательное]

happening in or between more than one country

международный

международный

Ex: He is an international student studying in a university abroad. 
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station
station
[существительное]

a facility designed for a specific function, equipped with relevant equipment and staffed as necessary

станция, пост

станция, пост

Ex: The fire station responded quickly to the emergency. 
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cookie
cookie
[существительное]

a sweet baked treat typically made with flour, sugar, and other ingredients like chocolate chips or nuts

печенье, булочка

печенье, булочка

Ex: He enjoyed a soft and buttery shortbread cookie with a cup of tea. 
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