Cambridge IELTS 15 - Học thuật - Bài kiểm tra 2 - Đọc - Đoạn 1
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Đố vui
addressing the structures, functions, or issues of cities and their populations

đô thị, thuộc thành phố
using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

bền vững, thân thiện với môi trường
to represent a specific amount or portion of a whole

đại diện cho, chiếm
the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials
(of a country, society, region, etc.) having advanced economically and socially, characterized by a strong industrial base and higher standards of living

phát triển, tiên tiến
a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

quốc gia, dân tộc
the ability to move easily or be freely moved from one place, job, etc. to another

tính di động, khả năng di chuyển
an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

giả định, giả thuyết
special importance given to something over other items or considerations

nhấn mạnh, tầm quan trọng
with no one or nothing else involved

duy nhất, chỉ
the ability to act or function with minimum effort, time, and resources

hiệu quả, năng suất
related to or involving numbers or amounts, not quality

định lượng, số lượng
information or facts collected to be used for various purposes

dữ liệu, thông tin
(of actions, ideas, etc.) very new and different from the norm

căn bản, cách mạng
a person who creates and designs dance movements and routines, typically for performances, shows, or productions

biên đạo múa
to encourage or provoke a response, reaction, or activity

kích thích, khuyến khích
a person who studies human society, social behavior, and how people interact with each other in groups

nhà xã hội học, chuyên gia xã hội học
a detailed technical or architectural plan showing dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

bản vẽ chi tiết, kế hoạch kỹ thuật
belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

thời trung cổ, thuộc về thời Trung Cổ
to create or make something using whatever materials or resources are available

ứng biến, tận dụng những gì có sẵn
to change something in a way that suits a new purpose or situation better

thích nghi, điều chỉnh
knowing someone or something very well through close study or personal experience

thân mật, gần gũi
an area of land on which something is, was, or will be constructed

khu đất, địa điểm
to produce a plan, idea, etc. in one's mind

nghĩ ra, tưởng tượng
to remove or separate something

tách ra, tháo rời
a disadvantage or the feature of a situation that makes it unacceptable

nhược điểm, bất lợi
to explain or show the meaning of something using examples, pictures, etc.

minh họa, giải thích bằng ví dụ
widespread or commonly occurring at a particular time or in a particular place

phổ biến, thịnh hành
a framework of spaced lines, horizontal and vertical, used as a reference for plotting points

lưới, ô vuông
to plan or create something with a particular purpose or future use in mind

có ý định, dự định
a person who is on foot and not in or on a vehicle

người đi bộ, khách bộ hành
to devote a lot of effort, time, etc. to something from which one expects to achieve a good result

đầu tư, cống hiến
to function in a specific way

hoạt động, vận hành
to consider something when trying to make a judgment or decision
(of a thing or type of behavior) appropriate for or intended to defend one against damage or harm

bảo vệ, phòng thủ
a canopy made of canvas to shelter people or things from rain or sun

mái hiên, bạt che
not hospitable or inviting, often creating a sense of discomfort or unease

không thân thiện, không mời gọi
to cause a person to dislike someone or something

làm mất hứng, gây khó chịu
to convert or transform something from one state, format, or medium into another

dịch, biến đổi
to exert a significant influence on the development, nature, or outcome of something

định hình, ảnh hưởng
contradictory to the expectations that are formed on common sense or intuition

phản trực giác
a barrier along the edge of a road or bridge to stop cars from going off the road

lan can, rào chắn an toàn
to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

ưu tiên, đặt lên hàng đầu
the state of moving constantly and steadily

dòng chảy, luồng
to organize or set objects or events in a way that avoids overlapping

sắp xếp so le, phân bố theo từng đợt
a basic element of design that refers to a small, clearly defined location or mark on a surface

điểm, dấu
one of the two sides of a motorway where traffic travels in one direction only usually in two or three lanes

làn đường, phần đường xe chạy
an obstacle that separates people or hinders any progress or communication

rào cản, chướng ngại
capable of changing quickly from one state or condition to another

linh hoạt, thay đổi nhanh chóng
an action that causes a delay or interruption in the ongoing continuity of an activity or process

gián đoạn, xáo trộn
materials that have no use and are unwanted

chất thải, rác
related to the core and most important or basic parts of something

cơ bản, cốt yếu
possessing or providing an abundance of resources or qualities

giàu có, phong phú
to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

giải quyết, đối mặt
an artistic expression delivered by different means of art like music or painting

hình thức nghệ thuật, biểu hiện nghệ thuật
relating to the enjoyment or appreciation of beauty or art, especially visual art

thẩm mỹ
a possible consequence that something can bring about

hàm ý, hậu quả
referring to mental processes involved in understanding, thinking, and remembering

nhận thức, tâm thần
to fake or act as if experiencing a particular emotion

giả vờ, giả bộ
with no other reason or purpose involved

thuần túy, đơn giản là
approaching a subject in a theoretical way, without concern for practical application or real-world examples

trừu tượng, lý thuyết
high level of skill, knowledge, or proficiency in a particular field or subject matter

chuyên môn, kỹ năng
the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

quy mô, mức độ
made for practical use, not for looks

chức năng
pleasing and likely to arouse interest or desire

hấp dẫn, lôi cuốn
a goal that one wants to achieve

mục tiêu
not expected or anticipated, often leading to surprise or disruption

không lường trước, bất ngờ
to begin to exist or become noticeable

phát sinh, xuất hiện
any action or maneuver taken as part of a plan or strategy to achieve a specific goal or progress toward an objective

biện pháp, độ
to change something such as a process, situation, etc. to be the opposite of what it was before

đảo ngược, thay đổi
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