LoginParticiple Prepositions
In this lesson, master participle prepositions to show relationships between words in a sentence using combinations like "considering," "concerning," and "regarding." Clear explanations and practice exercises to help you learn.
What Are Participle Prepositions?
Participle prepositions are a type of preposition formed by using the participle form of a verb to function as a preposition. They are used to describe a specific action or state of something in a sentence.
Common Participle Prepositions
Some of the common participle prepositions in English are:
excluding
including
following
considering
regarding/concerning
notwithstanding
given
Including and Excluding
'Including' and 'excluding' are participle prepositions that are used to indicate the presence or absence of something in a larger group or category. 'Including' means that something or someone is part of a larger group or category. 'Excluding', on the other hand, means that something or someone is not part of a larger group or category. Take a look at the examples:
This watch costs 200$, including tax.
The insurance policy covers all damages, including earthquake and flood.
Excluding the guest coming from Peru, we still have 15 guests coming to our house.
The price covers all meals, excluding dessert.
Following
'Following' is used to indicate a sequence or order of events or actions. It can also indicate that something is happening or will happen as a result of something else. For example:
Following their agreements, they decided to raise the salary.
Following the meeting, they signed the contract.
Considering
'Considering' is used to indicate that something is being taken into account or thought about in relation to something else. Here are some examples:
Considering her tough divorce, she's up and about in no time and doing just fine.
Considering the weather, we canceled the trip.
Regarding/Concerning
'Regarding' and 'concerning' are used to indicate that something is related to another thing or topic. They can also be used to introduce a topic or subject, especially in a formal context. For example:
She wrote a letter regarding the issue.
We had a discussion concerning the budget.
Notwithstanding
'Notwithstanding' shows contrast and has the same meaning as 'despite.' It is used to express that something happened regardless of the circumstances or obstacles. For example:
Notwithstanding objections, the law passed.
The game continued notwithstanding the rain.
Given
'Given' is used to indicate that a particular circumstance or condition is assumed or taken into account. For example:
Given her age, she is a fantastic yoga instructor.
Given his experience, he was hired immediately.
Review
Participle prepositions (also called participial prepositions) are participles that are used as prepositions. Participles can form verb tenses or function as nouns, adjectives, and in some cases as prepositions. They are formed by adding -ing, -ed, or -en to the base form of verbs.
Here are some of the common participle prepositions:
excluding
including
following
considering
regarding
notwithstanding
given
Quiz:
Which sentence uses a participle preposition correctly?
Given the traffic, we'll probably be late.
She stood notwithstanding the door.
They argued excluding the main point.
He left following to the rules.
Sort the words to form a correct sentence.
Match each sentence with the description of the participle preposition used in it.
Complete each sentence using the correct preposition from parentheses.
The package covers all expenses,
shipping fees. (including/regarding/following)
the meeting, the team started working on the project immediately. (Considering/Following/Given)
her experience, she got the job quickly. (Notwithstanding/Given/Regarding)
We had a discussion
the new budget proposal.(considering/regarding/following)
The event was successful,
a few minor problems. (notwithstanding/including/excluding)
What does the participle preposition "considering" indicate in this sentence?
"Considering his injury, he played well."
Shows location of the injury
Shows the reason for his injury
Shows something is taken into account
Introduces the topic of the sentence.
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