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Lista de Palabras Nivel C2 - Guerra y Ejército

Aquí aprenderás todas las palabras esenciales para hablar sobre la guerra y el ejército, recopiladas específicamente para estudiantes de nivel C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
armada
[Sustantivo]

a very large assembled fleet of military warships operating under a unified command

armada, flota

armada, flota

Ex: During the war , the imperial armada enforced a stranglehold blockade around the enemy 's coastline .Durante la guerra, la **armada** imperial impuso un bloqueo asfixiante alrededor de la costa enemiga.
armistice
[Sustantivo]

a temporary stoppage or truce in hostilities between parties engaged in a war or conflict

armisticio, tregua

armisticio, tregua

Ex: The armistice allowed both sides to retrieve their wounded and dead from no man 's land between the trenches .El **armisticio** permitió a ambos bandos recuperar a sus heridos y muertos de la tierra de nadie entre las trincheras.
mercenary
[Sustantivo]

a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army, often motivated by payment rather than ideological or national allegiance

mercenario

mercenario

Ex: Mercenaries were often employed in colonial conflicts to supplement the regular army .Los **mercenarios** eran a menudo empleados en conflictos coloniales para complementar al ejército regular.
barricade
[Sustantivo]

a defensive barrier erected during wartime to obstruct enemy movement and provide protection for defending forces

barricada

barricada

Ex: Soldiers utilized abandoned vehicles and debris to improvise barricades, impeding the enemy 's ability to maneuver .Los soldados utilizaron vehículos abandonados y escombros para improvisar **barricadas**, dificultando la capacidad de maniobra del enemigo.
battalion
[Sustantivo]

a military unit composed of a varying number of companies or platoons, typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel

batallón

batallón

Ex: Each battalion had its own distinct set of responsibilities during the operation .Cada **batallón** tenía su propio conjunto distintivo de responsabilidades durante la operación.
platoon
[Sustantivo]

the military unit that is a subdivision of a company with a lieutenant in charge

pelotón

pelotón

Ex: The platoon sergeant is responsible for the welfare and discipline of the soldiers under their command .El sargento de **pelotón** es responsable del bienestar y la disciplina de los soldados bajo su mando.
espionage
[Sustantivo]

the covert gathering of information for political, military, or economic purposes, often conducted by intelligence agencies

espionaje

espionaje

Ex: Cyber espionage has become a prominent threat , with hackers infiltrating networks to steal confidential information and disrupt operations .El **espionaje** cibernético se ha convertido en una amenaza prominente, con hackers infiltrándose en redes para robar información confidencial y interrumpir operaciones.
coup d'etat
[Sustantivo]

a sudden, violent seizure of governmental power by a small group

golpe de Estado

golpe de Estado

Ex: The citizens took to the streets in protest against the coup d'état, demanding the restoration of democratic governance.Los ciudadanos salieron a las calles en protesta contra el **golpe de Estado**, exigiendo la restauración del gobierno democrático.
onslaught
[Sustantivo]

a fierce and intense attack, often with the goal of overwhelming the opponent

embestida,  ofensiva

embestida, ofensiva

Ex: In the final stages of the war , the combined forces launched a coordinated naval and aerial onslaught, leading to the enemy 's surrender .En las etapas finales de la guerra, las fuerzas combinadas lanzaron un **asalto** naval y aéreo coordinado, lo que llevó a la rendición del enemigo.
armament
[Sustantivo]

the military equipment and weaponry used by a country or military force

armamento

armamento

Ex: The arms manufacturer showcased its latest armament innovations, attracting interest from various military branches around the world.El fabricante de armas exhibió sus últimas innovaciones en **armamento**, atrayendo el interés de varias ramas militares alrededor del mundo.
arsenal
[Sustantivo]

a building where military equipment are stored or manufactured

arsenal

arsenal

Ex: Intelligence reports suggest that the enemy has been stockpiling chemical weapons in their arsenal, posing a significant threat to regional stability .Los informes de inteligencia sugieren que el enemigo ha estado acumulando armas químicas en su **arsenal**, lo que representa una amenaza significativa para la estabilidad regional.
deterrent
[Sustantivo]

a military strategy or capability designed to dissuade an adversary from aggression

disuasivo, elemento disuasorio

disuasivo, elemento disuasorio

Ex: Cybersecurity measures serve as a deterrent against cyberattacks on critical infrastructure .Las medidas de ciberseguridad sirven como **disuasión** contra los ciberataques a infraestructuras críticas.
ammunition
[Sustantivo]

projectiles, bullets, shells, or explosive devices used in firearms, artillery, or other weapons

munición

munición

Ex: The police officers carried a standard loadout of ammunition to ensure preparedness for any situation .Los oficiales de policía llevaban una carga estándar de **munición** para garantizar la preparación ante cualquier situación.
catapult
[Sustantivo]

a large weapon that was used in ancient times to throw stones or other objects with great force

catapulta

catapulta

Ex: Modern historians study the mechanics and design of ancient catapults to better understand siege warfare technologies of the past .Los historiadores modernos estudian la mecánica y el diseño de las **catapultas** antiguas para comprender mejor las tecnologías de guerra de asedio del pasado.
bazooka
[Sustantivo]

a portable rocket launcher designed for use against tanks and armored vehicles

lanzacohetes portátil, bazuca

lanzacohetes portátil, bazuca

Ex: The military museum displayed historical bazookas alongside other iconic weapons from different eras.El museo militar exhibió **bazookas** históricos junto con otras armas icónicas de diferentes épocas.
shrapnel
[Sustantivo]

fragments from an explosion, causing damage to surroundings

metralla, esquirlas

metralla, esquirlas

Ex: The military surgeon removed shrapnel fragments from the injured soldier 's leg during surgery .El cirujano militar extrajo fragmentos de **metralla** de la pierna del soldado herido durante la cirugía.
musket
[Sustantivo]

an early firearm with a long barrel, used by infantry from the 16th to 18th centuries

mosquete, fusil de chispa

mosquete, fusil de chispa

Ex: The musket's introduction led to the decline of armor , as bullets easily penetrated traditional armor plating .La introducción del **mosquete** llevó al declive de la armadura, ya que las balas penetraban fácilmente el blindaje tradicional.
mortar
[Sustantivo]

a short-barreled, muzzle-loaded artillery piece that fires explosive shells at high angles for close-range support

mortero, lanzagranadas

mortero, lanzagranadas

Ex: The platoon relied on mortar support to suppress enemy fire and facilitate their advance during the assault .El pelotón dependía del apoyo del **mortero** para suprimir el fuego enemigo y facilitar su avance durante el asalto.
air raid
[Sustantivo]

an attack by aircraft, typically involving the dropping of bombs, on a location or a series of locations

ataque aéreo, bombardeo aéreo

ataque aéreo, bombardeo aéreo

Ex: The military base implemented air raid drills to ensure preparedness for potential attacks .La base militar implementó simulacros de **ataque aéreo** para garantizar la preparación ante posibles ataques.
bridgehead
[Sustantivo]

a secured area on the enemy's side of a river or other obstacle, established by military forces to serve as a base for further operations

cabeza de puente, posición avanzada

cabeza de puente, posición avanzada

Ex: The airborne assault aimed to create a surprise bridgehead behind enemy lines , disrupting their defensive strategy .El asalto aéreo tenía como objetivo crear una **cabeza de puente** sorpresa detrás de las líneas enemigas, interrumpiendo su estrategia defensiva.
evacuee
[Sustantivo]

an individual who is forced to flee from a dangerous place or region

evacuado

evacuado

Ex: The government deployed helicopters to airlift evacuees from the disaster zone to safety .El gobierno desplegó helicópteros para transportar por aire a **los evacuados** de la zona del desastre a un lugar seguro.
garrison
[Sustantivo]

a group of military personnel stationed in a specific location or military base, often for the purpose of defending it

guarnición

guarnición

Ex: The garrison in the mountain outpost endured harsh weather conditions as they maintained a vigilant presence .La **guarnición** en el puesto de avanzada de la montaña soportó condiciones climáticas adversas mientras mantenía una presencia vigilante.
to blitz
[Verbo]

to carry out a sudden and intense military attack

bombardear

bombardear

Ex: The air force executed a strategic plan to blitz key enemy installations, disrupting their command and control.La fuerza aérea ejecutó un plan estratégico para **blitz** las instalaciones clave del enemigo, interrumpiendo su mando y control.
to pillage
[Verbo]

to plunder, typically during times of war or civil unrest

saquear

saquear

Ex: The invading forces systematically pillaged strategic locations , disrupting the local economy .Las fuerzas invasoras **saquearon** sistemáticamente ubicaciones estratégicas, interrumpiendo la economía local.
to lance
[Verbo]

to thrust or strike with a long-pointed weapon

lancear

lancear

Ex: In historical accounts , cavalry units were known for their ability to lance adversaries effectively in swift , coordinated attacks .En los relatos históricos, las unidades de caballería eran conocidas por su capacidad para **lancear** a los adversarios de manera efectiva en ataques rápidos y coordinados.
to plunder
[Verbo]

to steal goods from a place or person, especially during times of war, chaos, or civil disorder

saquear, pillar

saquear, pillar

Ex: Last year , pirates unexpectedly plundered a fleet of merchant ships in the region .El año pasado, los piratas **saquearon** inesperadamente una flota de barcos mercantes en la región.
to strafe
[Verbo]

to attack ground targets, such as enemy troops or installations, with gunfire from low-flying aircraft

ametrallar, cañonear

ametrallar, cañonear

Ex: The pilot skillfully strafed the enemy convoy , creating chaos and preventing it from reaching its destination .El piloto **bombardeó** hábilmente el convoy enemigo, creando caos e impidiendo que llegara a su destino.

to maneuver around the side of an enemy force, position, or defensive line in order to gain a tactical advantage

rebasar, flanquear

rebasar, flanquear

Ex: The nimble cavalry units were deployed to outflank the slower-moving armored divisions and strike at vulnerable points .Las ágiles unidades de caballería fueron desplegadas para **flanquear** a las divisiones blindadas de movimiento más lento y golpear en puntos vulnerables.

to defeat someone completely and decisively

vencer, derrotar

vencer, derrotar

Ex: The knights set out on a noble quest to vanquish the dragon that terrorized the nearby villages .Los caballeros emprendieron una noble misión para **vencer** al dragón que aterrorizaba a los pueblos cercanos.
siege
[Sustantivo]

the act of surrounding the enemy, a town, etc. and cutting off their supplies so that they would surrender

sitio

sitio

Ex: Historically , sieges have been a common tactic in warfare , used to conquer fortified positions or cities .Históricamente, los **asedios** han sido una táctica común en la guerra, utilizada para conquistar posiciones fortificadas o ciudades.

to make a counterattack or respond in a similar manner

contraatacar

contraatacar

Ex: The organization decided to retaliate hacking attempts by counterattacking the source .La organización decidió **contraatacar** los intentos de piratería informática atacando la fuente.
Lista de Palabras Nivel C2
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