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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa Pagsusulit ng SAT - Mga Konektor ng Sugnay

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga connector ng sugnay sa Ingles, tulad ng "alternatively", "in lieu of", "thereby", atbp. na kakailanganin mo upang mapasa ang iyong SATs.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
SAT Exam Essential Vocabulary
however
however
[Pang-ugnay]

in whatever way

sa anumang paraan, kahit paano

sa anumang paraan, kahit paano

Ex: However carefully you follow the instructions, mistakes can still happen. 

Gayunpaman, gaano ka man kaingat na sumunod sa mga tagubilin, maaari pa ring mangyari ang mga pagkakamali.

though
though
[Pang-ugnay]

used to say something surprising compared to the main idea

kahit na, bagaman

kahit na, bagaman

Ex: Though he didn't study for the exam, he still managed to get an A. 

Bagama't hindi siya nag-aral para sa pagsusulit, nagawa pa rin niyang makakuha ng A.

nonetheless
nonetheless
[pang-abay]

used to indicate that despite a previous statement or situation, something else remains true

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: The evidence was weak; the jury convicted him nonetheless. 

Mahina ang ebidensya; gayunpaman, hinatulan siya ng hurado.

still
still
[pang-abay]

despite what has been said or done

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: I don't agree with him.  Still, I respect his opinion. 
nevertheless
nevertheless
[pang-abay]

used to introduce an opposing statement

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: The plan was risky; they proceeded nevertheless. 
(in|by) contrast
in contrast
[pang-abay]

used to highlight the differences between two or more things or people

sa kaibahan, kabaligtaran

sa kaibahan, kabaligtaran

Ex: The first half of the movie was action-packed and fast-paced; in contrast, the second half was slow and introspective. 

Ang unang kalahati ng pelikula ay puno ng aksyon at mabilis ang takbo; sa kabaligtaran, ang ikalawang kalahati ay mabagal at mapagmuni-muni.

instead
instead
[pang-abay]

in contrast to what was expected or suggested

sa halip, kabaligtaran

sa halip, kabaligtaran

Ex: He expected her to be upset; instead, she smiled and thanked him. 

Inaasahan niyang malungkot siya; sa halip, ngumiti siya at nagpasalamat sa kanya.

even though
even though
[Pang-ugnay]

used to indicate that despite a certain fact or situation mentioned in the first clause, the second clause follows

kahit na, bagaman

kahit na, bagaman

Ex: Even though he was tired, he stayed up late to finish the project. 

Kahit na pagod siya, nanatili siyang gising hanggang hatinggabi upang tapusin ang proyekto.

besides
besides
[pang-abay]

used to add extra information or to introduce a reason that supports what was just said

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: I don't want to go.  Besides, I'm feeling tired. 

Ayaw kong pumunta. Bukod pa riyan, nararamdaman kong pagod ako.

in lieu of
in lieu of
[Preposisyon]

in replacement of something that is typically expected or required

sa halip ng, bilang kapalit ng

sa halip ng, bilang kapalit ng

Ex: She received a gift card in lieu of a traditional birthday present. 

Tumanggap siya ng gift card sa halip na isang tradisyonal na regalo sa kaarawan.

that said
that said
[Parirala]

used to introduce statement that is in contrast to what one previously stated

Ex: Much of the book was very dull.  That said, I have to admit that the ending was extremely clever. 
on the cusp of
on the cusp of
[Preposisyon]

at the starting point of a major development or change

sa bingit ng, sa simula ng

sa bingit ng, sa simula ng

Ex: She was on the cusp of a new chapter in her life. 

Nasa bingit siya ng isang bagong kabanata sa kanyang buhay.

therefore
therefore
[pang-abay]

as a result of something

samakatuwid, kaya

samakatuwid, kaya

Ex: The weather forecast predicted rain all week; therefore, they decided to postpone the outdoor event. 

Inihula ng weather forecast ang ulan sa buong linggo; kaya, nagpasya silang ipagpaliban ang outdoor event.

consequently
consequently
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

dahil dito,  kaya

dahil dito, kaya

Ex: The team neglected to conduct thorough testing, and consequently, several critical errors emerged in the final product. 

Napabayaan ng koponan na magsagawa ng masusing pagsusuri, at dahil dito, lumitaw ang ilang kritikal na pagkakamali sa huling produkto.

(by|in) contrast
by contrast
[pang-abay]

used to introduce a comparison between two or more things, highlighting differences or disparities between them

sa kabaligtaran, sa kaibahan

sa kabaligtaran, sa kaibahan

Ex: The product's quality has improved significantly over the years; by contrast, its price has remained relatively stable. 

Ang kalidad ng produkto ay napabuti nang malaki sa paglipas ng mga taon; sa kabaligtaran, ang presyo nito ay nanatiling medyo matatag.

conversely
conversely
[pang-abay]

in a way that is different from what has been mentioned

kabaligtaran, sa kabilang banda

kabaligtaran, sa kabilang banda

Ex: While the forecast predicted a sunny day, conversely, a sudden and unexpected storm rolled in. 

Habang ang forecast ay naghula ng isang maaraw na araw, kabaligtaran, bigla at hindi inaasahang bagyo ang dumating.

on the other (hand|)

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

Ex: The job pays well; on the other hand, the hours are extremely long. 

Ang trabaho ay nagbabayad nang maayos ; sa kabilang banda, ang mga oras ay lubhang mahaba.

meanwhile
meanwhile
[pang-abay]

at the same time but often somewhere else

samantala, habang

samantala, habang

Ex: She was at the grocery store, and meanwhile, I was waiting at home for her call. 
as a consequence
as a consequence
[pang-abay]

used to indicate that something follows as a result or outcome of a preceding event or action

bilang resulta,  dahil dito

bilang resulta, dahil dito

Ex: He neglected his studies, and as a consequence, he failed the exam. 

Hindi niya pinansin ang kanyang pag-aaral, at bilang resulta, bumagsak siya sa pagsusulit.

as a result
as a result
[pang-abay]

used to indicate the outcome of a preceding action or situation

bilang resulta, kaya naman

bilang resulta, kaya naman

Ex: He worked hard on his studies, and as a result, he achieved top grades in the class. 

Nagsumikap siya sa kanyang pag-aaral, at bilang resulta, nakamit niya ang pinakamataas na marka sa klase.

thus
thus
[pang-abay]

used to introduce a result based on the information or actions that came before

kaya, samakatuwid

kaya, samakatuwid

Ex: The new software significantly improved efficiency; thus, the company experienced a notable increase in productivity. 
hence
hence
[pang-abay]

used to say that one thing is a result of another

kaya, samakatuwid

kaya, samakatuwid

Ex: She missed the bus, hence she arrived late to the meeting. 

Na-miss niya ang bus, kaya nahuli siya sa pulong.

secondly
secondly
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the second point, reason, step, etc.

pangalawa, susunod

pangalawa, susunod

Ex: Firstly, gather the ingredients for the recipe.  Secondly, preheat the oven to 350°F. 

Una, tipunin ang mga sangkap para sa recipe. Pangalawa, painitin ang oven sa 350°F.

subsequently
subsequently
[pang-abay]

after a particular event or time

pagkatapos, sumunod

pagkatapos, sumunod

Ex: She moved to France and subsequently began studying art. 

Lumipat siya sa Pransya at pagkatapos ay nagsimulang mag-aral ng sining.

finally
finally
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the last event or item in a series of related things

sa wakas, panghuli

sa wakas, panghuli

Ex: After reviewing the documents, conducting interviews, and analyzing data, the researchers finally reached a conclusion. 

Pagkatapos suriin ang mga dokumento, magsagawa ng mga panayam, at pag-aralan ang data, ang mga mananaliksik ay sa wakas ay nakarating sa isang konklusyon.

afterward
afterward
[pang-abay]

in the time following a specific action, moment, or event

pagkatapos, sa huli

pagkatapos, sa huli

Ex: She completed her work, and afterward, she went for a walk. 

Natapos niya ang kanyang trabaho, at pagkatapos, naglakad-lakad siya.

previously
previously
[pang-abay]

before the present moment or a specific time

dati, noong una

dati, noong una

Ex: She had previously worked for a different company before joining the current one. 

Siya ay dati nang nagtrabaho para sa isang ibang kumpanya bago sumali sa kasalukuyan.

next
next
[pang-abay]

at the time or point immediately following the present

susunod, pagkatapos

susunod, pagkatapos

Ex: She plans to visit the museum next. 

Plano niyang bisitahin ang museo sa susunod.

later
later
[pang-abay]

at a time following the current or mentioned moment, without specifying exactly when

mamaya, pagkatapos

mamaya, pagkatapos

Ex: We can always add more people to the project later. 

Maaari naming palaging magdagdag ng higit pang mga tao sa proyekto mamaya.

moreover
moreover
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information or to emphasize a point

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: The new policy aims to reduce carbon emissions, and moreover, it aligns with the company's commitment to environmental sustainability. 

Ang bagong patakaran ay naglalayong bawasan ang carbon emissions, at higit pa rito, ito ay naaayon sa pangako ng kumpanya sa environmental sustainability.

furthermore
furthermore
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

Ex: The research findings supported the hypothesis, and furthermore, they provided valuable insights into potential applications. 

Sinoportahan ng mga natuklasan sa pananaliksik ang hipotesis, at higit pa rito, nagbigay sila ng mahalagang mga pananaw sa mga potensyal na aplikasyon.

additionally
additionally
[pang-abay]

used to introduce extra information or points

karagdagan pa, bukod pa rito

karagdagan pa, bukod pa rito

Ex: The team completed the project ahead of schedule, and additionally, they exceeded the client's expectations. 

Ang koponan ay nakumpleto ang proyekto nang mas maaga sa iskedyul, at karagdagan pa, lumampas sila sa mga inaasahan ng kliyente.

in addition
in addition
[pang-abay]

used to introduce further information

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: We need to buy milk, bread, and eggs.  In addition, we should pick up some fruit for snacks. 

Kailangan nating bumili ng gatas, tinapay, at itlog. Bukod pa rito, dapat tayong kumuha ng ilang prutas para sa meryenda.

for example
for example
[Parirala]

used to provide a specific situation or instance that helps to clarify or explain a point being made

Ex: You can use various applications on your phone, for example, social media, email, and navigation. 
for instance
for instance
[pang-abay]

used to introduce an example of something mentioned

halimbawa, para sa halimbawa

halimbawa, para sa halimbawa

Ex: There are many beautiful places to visit in Italy, for instance, Rome, Venice, and Florence. 

Maraming magagandang lugar na pupuntahan sa Italy, halimbawa, Rome, Venice, at Florence.

similarly
similarly
[pang-abay]

used to draw a parallel between two related ideas or actions

katulad, sa parehong paraan

katulad, sa parehong paraan

Ex: The company aims to reduce its carbon footprint; similarly, it encourages employees to adopt eco-friendly habits. 

Ang kumpanya ay naglalayong bawasan ang carbon footprint nito; katulad nito, hinihikayat nito ang mga empleyado na magkaroon ng mga eco-friendly na gawi.

increasingly
increasingly
[pang-abay]

in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

lalong

lalong

Ex: The company is increasingly investing in sustainable practices. 

Ang kumpanya ay lalong namumuhunan sa mga sustainable na kasanayan.

in other words
in other words
[pang-abay]

used to provide an alternative or clearer way of expressing the same idea

sa ibang salita, o kaya

sa ibang salita, o kaya

Ex: The weather is quite pleasant today; in other words, it's a beautiful day. 

Ang panahon ay medyo kaaya-aya ngayon; sa ibang salita, maganda ang araw.

accordingly
accordingly
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical consequence based on the circumstances or information provided

alinsunod dito,  dahil dito

alinsunod dito, dahil dito

Ex: The product received positive reviews from customers, and accordingly, the company experienced a boost in sales. 

Ang produkto ay nakatanggap ng positibong pagsusuri mula sa mga customer, at ayon dito, ang kumpanya ay nakaranas ng pagtaas sa mga benta.

thereby
thereby
[pang-abay]

used to indicate how something is achieved or the result of an action

sa gayon, kaya naman

sa gayon, kaya naman

Ex: She followed a healthy diet, thereby improving her overall well-being. 

Sumunod siya sa isang malusog na diyeta, sa gayon napabuti ang kanyang pangkalahatang kagalingan.

indeed
indeed
[pang-abay]

used to emphasize or confirm a statement

talaga, totoo

talaga, totoo

Ex: She did indeed finish the project ahead of schedule. 

Talaga niyang natapos ang proyekto nang maaga sa iskedyul.

specifically
specifically
[pang-abay]

only for one certain type of person or thing

partikular,  eksklusibo

partikular, eksklusibo

Ex: She requested a room with a view of the ocean specifically for her morning meditation. 

Humingi siya ng kuwartong may tanawin ng karagatan partikular para sa kanyang umagang pagmumuni-muni.

currently
currently
[pang-abay]

at the present time

kasalukuyan, sa ngayon

kasalukuyan, sa ngayon

Ex: The company is currently working on a new product launch. 

Ang kumpanya ay kasalukuyang nagtatrabaho sa paglulunsad ng isang bagong produkto.

(in|by) comparison
in comparison
[pang-abay]

used to highlight differences or similarities when comparing two or more things or people

sa paghahambing, kung ihahambing

sa paghahambing, kung ihahambing

Ex: By comparison, his brother is more disciplined and focused on his studies. 

Sa paghahambing, ang kanyang kapatid ay mas disiplinado at nakatuon sa kanyang pag-aaral.

likewise
likewise
[pang-abay]

used when introducing additional information to a statement that has just been made

gayundin, katulad nito

gayundin, katulad nito

Ex: She loves painting; her brother likewise enjoys spending time in the studio. 

Mahilig siya sa pagpipinta; ang kanyang kapatid na lalaki gayundin ay nasisiyahan sa paggugol ng oras sa studio.

actually
actually
[pang-abay]

used to emphasize a fact or the truth of a situation

sa totoo lang, talaga

sa totoo lang, talaga

Ex: She claimed to have visited many countries, and actually, she's been to every continent. 

Inangkin niyang napuntahan niya ang maraming bansa, at sa totoo lang, nakarating na siya sa bawat kontinente.

alternatively
alternatively
[pang-abay]

as a second choice or another possibility

bilang alternatibo, bilang isa pang pagpipilian

bilang alternatibo, bilang isa pang pagpipilian

Ex: If you prefer not to drive, you can alternatively take the train to the city. 
in summary
in summary
[pang-abay]

used to provide a brief and straightforward explanation of the main points or ideas

sa buod, para ibuod

sa buod, para ibuod

Ex: In summary, the study highlights the importance of early intervention in child development. 

Sa buod, ang pag-aaral ay nagha-highlight ng kahalagahan ng maagang interbensyon sa pag-unlad ng bata.

in turn
in turn
[pang-abay]

in a sequential manner, referring to actions or events occurring in a specific order

nang sunud-sunod, ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod

nang sunud-sunod, ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod

Ex: Each participant presented their findings in turn during the conference. 

Ang bawat kalahok ay nagpresenta ng kanilang mga natuklasan nang sunud-sunod sa panahon ng kumperensya.

regardless
regardless
[pang-abay]

with no attention to the thing mentioned

hindi alintana, kahit na

hindi alintana, kahit na

Ex: She decided to go for a run regardless of the rain. 

Nagpasya siyang mag-jogging hindi alintana ang ulan.

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