pattern

Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa Pagsusulit ng SAT - Mga tagapag-ugnay ng sugnay

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga connector ng sugnay sa Ingles, tulad ng "alternatively", "in lieu of", "thereby", atbp. na kakailanganin mo upang mapasa ang iyong SATs.

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SAT Exam Essential Vocabulary
however
[Pang-ugnay]

in whatever way

sa anumang paraan, kahit paano

sa anumang paraan, kahit paano

Ex: However much he earns, he never seems to have enough money to save.**Gayunpaman** kahit gaano kalaki ang kanyang kinikita, parang hindi siya nagkakaroon ng sapat na pera para mag-ipon.
though
[Pang-ugnay]

used to say something surprising compared to the main idea

kahit na, bagaman

kahit na, bagaman

Ex: Though she 's allergic to cats , she adopted one because it needed a home .
nonetheless
[pang-abay]

used to indicate that despite a previous statement or situation, something else remains true

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: His apology seemed insincere ; she accepted it nonetheless.Ang kanyang paghingi ng tawad ay tila hindi tapat; tinanggap pa rin niya ito **gayunpaman**.
still
[pang-abay]

despite what has been said or done

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: I don't agree with him.Hindi ako sang-ayon sa kanya. **Gayunpaman**, iginagalang ko ang kanyang opinyon.
nevertheless
[pang-abay]

used to introduce an opposing statement

gayunpaman, subalit

gayunpaman, subalit

Ex: The path was forbidden ; they walked it nevertheless.Ang landas ay ipinagbawal; nilakad nila ito **gayunpaman**.
in contrast
[pang-abay]

used to highlight the differences between two or more things or people

sa kaibahan, kabaligtaran

sa kaibahan, kabaligtaran

Ex: The two siblings have very different personalities — Tom is outgoing and sociable , while his sister Emily is shy and reserved , by contrast .Ang dalawang magkapatid ay may napakaibang personalidad—si Tom ay palakaibigan at masayahin, habang ang kanyang kapatid na si Emily ay mahiyain at tahimik, **sa kabaligtaran**.
instead
[pang-abay]

in contrast to what was expected or suggested

sa halip, kabaligtaran

sa halip, kabaligtaran

Ex: The team expected to lose the game ; instead, they won by a significant margin .Inaasahan ng koponan na matatalo sa laro; **sa halip**, nanalo sila nang malaki.
even though
[Pang-ugnay]

used to indicate that despite a certain fact or situation mentioned in the first clause, the second clause follows

kahit na, bagaman

kahit na, bagaman

Ex: Even though they were warned , they went swimming in the dangerous currents .**Kahit na** binalaan sila, nagpunta sila sa paglangoy sa mapanganib na agos.
besides
[pang-abay]

used to add extra information or to introduce a reason that supports what was just said

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: The restaurant had excellent reviews , and besides, it was conveniently located near their hotel .
in lieu of
[Preposisyon]

in replacement of something that is typically expected or required

sa halip ng, bilang kapalit ng

sa halip ng, bilang kapalit ng

Ex: She offered her time in lieu of a monetary donation to the charity .Inialok niya ang kanyang oras **sa halip na** isang donasyong pera sa charity.
that said
[Parirala]

used to introduce statement that is in contrast to what one previously stated

Ex: The economy is struggling.
on the cusp of
[Preposisyon]

at the starting point of a major development or change

sa bingit ng, sa simula ng

sa bingit ng, sa simula ng

Ex: As graduation approached, Sarah felt like she was on the cusp, ready to embark on a new chapter in her life.Habang papalapit ang graduation, pakiramdam ni Sarah ay nasa **bingit** siya ng pagsisimula ng bagong kabanata sa kanyang buhay.
therefore
[pang-abay]

as a result of something

samakatuwid, kaya

samakatuwid, kaya

Ex: They saved enough money for the down payment ; therefore, they were able to buy their dream home .Nag-ipon sila ng sapat na pera para sa down payment; **kaya naman**, nakabili sila ng kanilang pangarap na bahay.
consequently
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

dahil dito,  kaya

dahil dito, kaya

Ex: The company invested heavily in research and development , and consequently, they launched innovative products that captured a wider market share .Malaki ang ininvest ng kumpanya sa research and development, at **bilang resulta**, naglunsad sila ng mga makabagong produkto na nakakuha ng mas malaking bahagi ng merkado.
by contrast
[pang-abay]

used to introduce a comparison between two or more things, highlighting differences or disparities between them

sa kabaligtaran, sa kaibahan

sa kabaligtaran, sa kaibahan

Ex: The restaurant 's lunch menu offers a variety of options ; by contrast , the dinner menu is more limited .Ang menu ng tanghalian ng restawran ay nag-aalok ng iba't ibang opsyon; **sa kabaligtaran**, ang menu ng hapunan ay mas limitado.
conversely
[pang-abay]

in a way that is different from what has been mentioned

kabaligtaran, sa kabilang banda

kabaligtaran, sa kabilang banda

Ex: The new policy benefits larger companies ; conversely, smaller firms may struggle .Ang bagong patakaran ay nakikinabang sa mas malalaking kumpanya; **sa kabaligtaran**, ang mas maliliit na firm ay maaaring mahirapan.

used to introduce a contrasting aspect of a situation, especially when comparing it to a previous point

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

sa kabilang banda, sa ibang panig

Ex: The plan could save money.
meanwhile
[pang-abay]

at the same time but often somewhere else

samantala, habang

samantala, habang

Ex: She was at the grocery store , and meanwhile, I was waiting at home for her call .Nasa grocery store siya, at **samantala**, naghihintay ako sa bahay para sa kanyang tawag.
as a consequence
[pang-abay]

used to indicate that something follows as a result or outcome of a preceding event or action

bilang resulta,  dahil dito

bilang resulta, dahil dito

Ex: The government implemented strict measures , and as a consequence, the economy suffered .Ang pamahalaan ay nagpatupad ng mahigpit na mga hakbang, at **bilang resulta**, ang ekonomiya ay naghirap.
as a result
[pang-abay]

used to indicate the outcome of a preceding action or situation

bilang resulta, kaya naman

bilang resulta, kaya naman

Ex: As a result, they were forced to downsize their operations .**Bilang resulta**, napilitan silang bawasan ang kanilang mga operasyon.
thus
[pang-abay]

used to introduce a result based on the information or actions that came before

kaya, samakatuwid

kaya, samakatuwid

Ex: The new software significantly improved efficiency ; thus, the company experienced a notable increase in productivity .Ang bagong software ay makabuluhang nagpabuti sa kahusayan; **kaya**, ang kumpanya ay nakaranas ng kapansin-pansing pagtaas sa produktibidad.
hence
[pang-abay]

used to say that one thing is a result of another

kaya, samakatuwid

kaya, samakatuwid

Ex: The company invested in employee training programs ; hence, the overall performance and efficiency improved .Ang kumpanya ay namuhunan sa mga programa ng pagsasanay ng empleyado; **kaya naman**, ang pangkalahatang pagganap at kahusayan ay bumuti.
secondly
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the second point, reason, step, etc.

pangalawa, susunod

pangalawa, susunod

Ex: Firstly , we need to plan ; secondly, we need to act .Una, kailangan nating magplano; **pangalawa**, kailangan nating kumilos.
subsequently
[pang-abay]

after a particular event or time

pagkatapos, sumunod

pagkatapos, sumunod

Ex: We visited the museum in the morning and subsequently had lunch by the river .Binisita kami sa museo sa umaga at **pagkatapos** ay nagtanghalian sa tabi ng ilog.
finally
[pang-abay]

used to introduce the last event or item in a series of related things

sa wakas, panghuli

sa wakas, panghuli

Ex: They tested different prototypes , received feedback , and finally, selected the best design for production .Sinubukan nila ang iba't ibang prototype, tumanggap ng feedback, at, **sa wakas**, pinili ang pinakamahusay na disenyo para sa produksyon.
afterward
[pang-abay]

in the time following a specific action, moment, or event

pagkatapos, sa huli

pagkatapos, sa huli

Ex: She did n't plan to attend the workshop , but afterward, she realized how valuable it was .Hindi niya plano na dumalo sa workshop, ngunit **pagkatapos**, napagtanto niya kung gaano ito kahalaga.
previously
[pang-abay]

before the present moment or a specific time

dati, noong una

dati, noong una

Ex: The project had been proposed and discussed previously by the team , but no concrete plans were made .Ang proyekto ay iminungkahi at tinalakay **dati** ng koponan, ngunit walang kongkretong plano ang ginawa.
next
[pang-abay]

at the time or point immediately following the present

susunod, pagkatapos

susunod, pagkatapos

Ex: The first speaker will present , and you 'll go next.Ang unang tagapagsalita ang magtatanghal, at ikaw ay **susunod**.
later
[pang-abay]

at a time following the current or mentioned moment, without specifying exactly when

mamaya, pagkatapos

mamaya, pagkatapos

Ex: She plans to travel to Europe later, once her schedule clears up .Plano niyang maglakbay sa Europa **mamaya**, kapag na-clear na ang kanyang schedule.
moreover
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information or to emphasize a point

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: He is an excellent speaker ; moreover, he knows how to engage the audience .Siya ay isang mahusay na tagapagsalita; **bukod pa rito**, alam niya kung paano makisali ang madla.
furthermore
[pang-abay]

used to introduce additional information

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

bukod pa rito, dagdag pa

Ex: Jack 's leadership inspires success and adaptability ; furthermore, his vision drives the project forward .Ang pamumuno ni Jack ay nagbibigay-inspirasyon sa tagumpay at kakayahang umangkop; **bukod pa rito**, ang kanyang pangitain ay nagtutulak sa proyekto pasulong.
additionally
[pang-abay]

used to introduce extra information or points

karagdagan pa, bukod pa rito

karagdagan pa, bukod pa rito

Ex: The report highlights the financial performance of the company , and additionally, it outlines future growth strategies .Ang ulat ay nagha-highlight sa financial performance ng kumpanya, at **karagdagan pa**, inilalatag nito ang mga estratehiya sa paglago sa hinaharap.
in addition
[pang-abay]

used to introduce further information

bukod pa, dagdag pa

bukod pa, dagdag pa

Ex: The event was well-organized ; the decorations , in addition, were stunning .Maayos ang pag-organisa ng event; **bukod pa rito**, napakaganda ng mga dekorasyon.
for example
[Parirala]

used to provide a specific situation or instance that helps to clarify or explain a point being made

Ex: The car comes in several colorsfor example, red , blue , and black .
for instance
[pang-abay]

used to introduce an example of something mentioned

halimbawa, para sa halimbawa

halimbawa, para sa halimbawa

Ex: There are many exotic fruits available in tropical regions , for instance, mangoes and papayas .Maraming eksotikong prutas na available sa mga tropikal na rehiyon, **halimbawa**, mangga at papaya.
similarly
[pang-abay]

used to draw a parallel between two related ideas or actions

katulad, sa parehong paraan

katulad, sa parehong paraan

Ex: Maria enjoys hiking, similarly, her friend David is passionate about mountain climbing.Nasasabik si Maria sa pag-hiking, **katulad nito**, ang kanyang kaibigang si David ay masigasig sa pag-akyat ng bundok.
increasingly
[pang-abay]

in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

lalong

lalong

Ex: The project 's complexity is increasingly challenging , requiring more resources .Ang pagiging kumplikado ng proyekto ay **lalong** nagiging mahirap, na nangangailangan ng mas maraming mapagkukunan.
in other words
[pang-abay]

used to provide an alternative or clearer way of expressing the same idea

sa ibang salita, o kaya

sa ibang salita, o kaya

Ex: The assignment requires creativity ; in other words, you need to think outside the box .Ang takdang-aralin ay nangangailangan ng pagkamalikhain; **sa ibang salita**, kailangan mong mag-isip nang hindi pangkaraniwan.
accordingly
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical consequence based on the circumstances or information provided

alinsunod dito,  dahil dito

alinsunod dito, dahil dito

Ex: The team worked tirelessly to meet the deadline , and accordingly, they successfully delivered the project on time .Ang koponan ay nagtrabaho nang walang pagod upang matugunan ang deadline, at, **ayon dito**, matagumpay nilang naibigay ang proyekto sa takdang oras.
thereby
[pang-abay]

used to indicate how something is achieved or the result of an action

sa gayon, kaya naman

sa gayon, kaya naman

Ex: They planted more trees , thereby contributing to the environmental conservation efforts .Nagtanim sila ng mas maraming puno, **sa gayon** ay nakatulong sa mga pagsisikap sa pangangalaga ng kapaligiran.
indeed
[pang-abay]

used to emphasize or confirm a statement

talaga, totoo

talaga, totoo

Ex: Indeed, it was a remarkable achievement .**Sa totoo lang**, ito ay isang kahanga-hangang tagumpay.
specifically
[pang-abay]

only for one certain type of person or thing

partikular,  eksklusibo

partikular, eksklusibo

Ex: The guidelines were established specifically for new employees , outlining company protocols .Ang mga alituntunin ay itinatag **partikular** para sa mga bagong empleyado, na naglalarawan ng mga protocol ng kumpanya.
currently
[pang-abay]

at the present time

kasalukuyan, sa ngayon

kasalukuyan, sa ngayon

Ex: The restaurant is currently closed for renovations .Ang restawran ay **kasalukuyan** na sarado para sa renovasyon.
in comparison
[pang-abay]

used to highlight differences or similarities when comparing two or more things or people

sa paghahambing, kung ihahambing

sa paghahambing, kung ihahambing

Ex: She has a much more relaxed approach to work when compared with her colleagues , in comparison .Mas relaxado ang kanyang approach sa trabaho kumpara sa kanyang mga kasamahan, **sa paghahambing**.
likewise
[pang-abay]

used when introducing additional information to a statement that has just been made

gayundin, katulad nito

gayundin, katulad nito

Ex: He was concerned about the budget , and the investors likewise had financial worries .Nag-aalala siya tungkol sa badyet, at ang mga investor **ay gayundin** ay may mga alalahanin sa pananalapi.
actually
[pang-abay]

used to emphasize a fact or the truth of a situation

sa totoo lang, talaga

sa totoo lang, talaga

Ex: The old building , believed to be abandoned , is actually a thriving art studio .Ang lumang gusali, na pinaniniwalaang inabandona, ay **talaga** ngang isang maunlad na art studio.
alternatively
[pang-abay]

as a second choice or another possibility

bilang alternatibo, bilang isa pang pagpipilian

bilang alternatibo, bilang isa pang pagpipilian

Ex: If the weather is unfavorable for outdoor activities , you can alternatively explore indoor entertainment options .Kung ang panahon ay hindi kanais-nais para sa mga aktibidad sa labas, maaari mong **alternatibong** galugarin ang mga opsyon sa libangan sa loob ng bahay.
in summary
[pang-abay]

used to provide a brief and straightforward explanation of the main points or ideas

sa buod, para ibuod

sa buod, para ibuod

Ex: In summary, the workshop provided participants with practical tools and strategies for effective communication .**Sa buod**, ang workshop ay nagbigay sa mga kalahok ng praktikal na mga kasangkapan at estratehiya para sa epektibong komunikasyon.
in turn
[pang-abay]

in a sequential manner, referring to actions or events occurring in a specific order

nang sunud-sunod, ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod

nang sunud-sunod, ayon sa pagkakasunod-sunod

Ex: The guests spoke in turn during the panel discussion .Ang mga panauhin ay nagsalita **nang sunud-sunod** sa panahon ng panel discussion.
regardless
[pang-abay]

with no attention to the thing mentioned

hindi alintana, kahit na

hindi alintana, kahit na

Ex: The team played with determination regardless of the score.Ang koponan ay naglaro nang may determinasyon **anuman** ang iskor.
Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa Pagsusulit ng SAT
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