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Словарный запас для IELTS Academic (Оценка 8-9) - Engineering

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с инженерией, которые необходимы для академического экзамена IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
microelectronics
microelectronics
[существительное]

a branch of electronics that deals with the design and manufacture of extremely small electronic components and circuits, typically using semiconductor materials such as silicon

микроэлектроника, микроскопическая электроника

микроэлектроника, микроскопическая электроника

Ex: The field of microelectronics has revolutionized the design and production of compact electronic devices. 
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relay
relay
[существительное]

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

реле

реле

Ex: The engineer installed a relay in the circuit to control the high-voltage switch safely. 
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ball bearing
ball bearing
[существительное]

a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between the bearing races, reducing friction and enabling smooth rotation

шарикоподшипник, подшипник качения

шарикоподшипник, подшипник качения

Ex: The bicycle's smooth operation is attributed to the ball bearings in its wheel hubs and bottom bracket. 
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belt drive
belt drive
[существительное]

a mechanical transmission system using a flexible belt to transfer power between rotating shafts

ременная передача, ременной привод

ременная передача, ременной привод

Ex: The old factory machines relied on a belt drive system to transfer power from the central engine to various workstations. 
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test bench
test bench
[существительное]

an environment that can be used to verify the correctness of a model or design

испытательный стенд, тестовая платформа

испытательный стенд, тестовая платформа

Ex: The engineers used a test bench to evaluate the performance and durability of the new engine design. 
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cog
cog
[существительное]

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

зубчатое колесо

зубчатое колесо

Ex: The cog in the gear system meshed perfectly with its neighboring cogs, ensuring smooth and efficient power transmission. 
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crank
crank
[существительное]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

кривошип

кривошип

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 
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drive shaft
drive shaft
[существительное]

a mechanical component that transmits rotational power from the engine to the wheels or other driven components of a vehicle or machine

карданный вал, вал привода

карданный вал, вал привода

Ex: The driveshaft in the car transfers power from the engine to the rear wheels, enabling forward motion. 
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gearing
gearing
[существительное]

gears, toothed wheels, or mechanical components designed to transmit and control power between rotating shafts in a machine, vehicle, or system

зубчатая передача, механизм передачи

зубчатая передача, механизм передачи

Ex: The bicycle's gearing allows the rider to easily switch between different gear ratios for efficient pedaling on various terrains. 
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overhaul
overhaul
[существительное]

a thorough inspection and repair of a machine or system to improve its performance or extend its lifespan

ревизия, капитальный ремонт

ревизия, капитальный ремонт

Ex: The aircraft underwent a thorough overhaul to ensure all components met safety and performance standards. 
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rivet
rivet
[существительное]

a permanent fastener with a head on one end and a deformable shaft that forms a second head when joining materials together

заклёпка, клёпальный гвоздь

заклёпка, клёпальный гвоздь

Ex: The aircraft's fuselage was assembled using thousands of rivets to ensure a strong and durable connection between the metal panels. 
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sprocket
sprocket
[существительное]

a toothed wheel with projections that mesh with a chain, track, or other perforated or indented material, typically used to transmit motion or power in machinery, vehicles, or bicycles

звездочка, зубчатое колесо

звездочка, зубчатое колесо

Ex: The bicycle's rear wheel is connected to the chain and sprocket assembly, facilitating smooth pedaling. 
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lathe
lathe
[существительное]

a machine tool that rotates a workpiece so one can shape it by cutting, sanding, or drilling

токарный станок

токарный станок

Ex: The machinist used a lathe to shape the metal rod into a precise cylindrical form. 
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aerospace
aerospace
[существительное]

the sector of technology and industry focused on aircraft, spacecraft, and their associated systems

аэрокосмический, космический

аэрокосмический, космический

Ex: He works in the aerospace industry designing new jets. 
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computer-aided design technician
computer-aided design technician
[существительное]

a professional who uses specialized software to create detailed drawings and plans for buildings, machines, or products

техник по компьютерному проектированию, специалист по САПР

техник по компьютерному проектированию, специалист по САПР

Ex: A computer-aided design technician plays a crucial role in translating conceptual ideas into precise digital blueprints for manufacturing. 
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kinematics
kinematics
[существительное]

the branch of mechanics that studies the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion

кинематика

кинематика

Ex: In physics class, students often study the kinematics of projectile motion to understand the trajectory of objects. 
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torque
torque
[существительное]

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

крутящий момент, момент силы

крутящий момент, момент силы

Ex: The wrench applied torque to loosen the stubborn nut on the bolt. 
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