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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 8-9) - Engineering

Aici, vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de inginerie care sunt necesare pentru examenul academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
microelectronics
microelectronics
[substantiv]

a branch of electronics that deals with the design and manufacture of extremely small electronic components and circuits, typically using semiconductor materials such as silicon

microelectronică, electronică microscopică

microelectronică, electronică microscopică

Ex: The field of microelectronics has revolutionized the design and production of compact electronic devices. 
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relay
relay
[substantiv]

an electronic device that uses a small electrical current to control a larger current, acting like an automatic switch

releu, întrerupător automat

releu, întrerupător automat

Ex: The engineer installed a relay in the circuit to control the high-voltage switch safely. 
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ball bearing
ball bearing
[substantiv]

a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between the bearing races, reducing friction and enabling smooth rotation

rulment cu bile, lagăr cu bile

rulment cu bile, lagăr cu bile

Ex: The bicycle's smooth operation is attributed to the ball bearings in its wheel hubs and bottom bracket. 
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belt drive
belt drive
[substantiv]

a mechanical transmission system using a flexible belt to transfer power between rotating shafts

transmisie prin curea, antrenare prin curea

transmisie prin curea, antrenare prin curea

Ex: The old factory machines relied on a belt drive system to transfer power from the central engine to various workstations. 
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test bench
test bench
[substantiv]

an environment that can be used to verify the correctness of a model or design

banc de testare, platformă de testare

banc de testare, platformă de testare

Ex: The engineers used a test bench to evaluate the performance and durability of the new engine design. 
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cog
cog
[substantiv]

a wheel with a set of square or triangular teeth sticking out around the edge that fits into the edge of a similar wheel, causing both wheels to turn

roată dințată, pinion

roată dințată, pinion

Ex: The cog in the gear system meshed perfectly with its neighboring cogs, ensuring smooth and efficient power transmission. 
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crank
crank
[substantiv]

a device that allows movement between mechanical parts of a machine or converts backward and forward motion into circular movement

manivelă, arbore cotit

manivelă, arbore cotit

Ex: The engineer used a crank to manually adjust the height of the lifting mechanism. 
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drive shaft
drive shaft
[substantiv]

a mechanical component that transmits rotational power from the engine to the wheels or other driven components of a vehicle or machine

arbore de transmisie, ax cardanic

arbore de transmisie, ax cardanic

Ex: The driveshaft in the car transfers power from the engine to the rear wheels, enabling forward motion. 
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gearing
gearing
[substantiv]

gears, toothed wheels, or mechanical components designed to transmit and control power between rotating shafts in a machine, vehicle, or system

angrenaj, mecanism de transmisie

angrenaj, mecanism de transmisie

Ex: The bicycle's gearing allows the rider to easily switch between different gear ratios for efficient pedaling on various terrains. 
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overhaul
overhaul
[substantiv]

a thorough inspection and repair of a machine or system to improve its performance or extend its lifespan

revizie, reparație capitală

revizie, reparație capitală

Ex: The aircraft underwent a thorough overhaul to ensure all components met safety and performance standards. 
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rivet
rivet
[substantiv]

a permanent fastener with a head on one end and a deformable shaft that forms a second head when joining materials together

nit, cuie de nit

nit, cuie de nit

Ex: The aircraft's fuselage was assembled using thousands of rivets to ensure a strong and durable connection between the metal panels. 
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sprocket
sprocket
[substantiv]

a toothed wheel with projections that mesh with a chain, track, or other perforated or indented material, typically used to transmit motion or power in machinery, vehicles, or bicycles

pinion, roată dințată

pinion, roată dințată

Ex: The bicycle's rear wheel is connected to the chain and sprocket assembly, facilitating smooth pedaling. 
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lathe
lathe
[substantiv]

a machine tool that rotates a workpiece so one can shape it by cutting, sanding, or drilling

strung

strung

Ex: The machinist used a lathe to shape the metal rod into a precise cylindrical form. 
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aerospace
aerospace
[substantiv]

the sector of technology and industry focused on aircraft, spacecraft, and their associated systems

aero-spațial, spațial

aero-spațial, spațial

Ex: He works in the aerospace industry designing new jets. 
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computer-aided design technician

a professional who uses specialized software to create detailed drawings and plans for buildings, machines, or products

tehnician de proiectare asistată de calculator, desenator CAD

tehnician de proiectare asistată de calculator, desenator CAD

Ex: A computer-aided design technician plays a crucial role in translating conceptual ideas into precise digital blueprints for manufacturing. 
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kinematics
kinematics
[substantiv]

the branch of mechanics that studies the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion

cinematică

cinematică

Ex: In physics class, students often study the kinematics of projectile motion to understand the trajectory of objects. 
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torque
torque
[substantiv]

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

cuplu, moment de forță

cuplu, moment de forță

Ex: The wrench applied torque to loosen the stubborn nut on the bolt. 
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