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Ciencias ACT - Agricultura y Silvicultura

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la agricultura y la silvicultura, como "hifa", "mijo", "caducifolio", etc. que te ayudarán a sobresalir en tus ACTs.

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Tarjetas de memoria

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Cuestionario

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
to harvest
to harvest
[Verbo]

to cut and collect a crop

cosechar, recolectar

cosechar, recolectar

Ex: The gardeners harvest tomatoes from the vines when they are fully red and ripe. 

Los jardineros cosechan los tomates de las vides cuando están completamente rojos y maduros.

to cultivate

to grow plants or crops, especially for farming or commercial purposes

cultivar

cultivar

Ex: The region is known for cultivating rice in its fertile fields. 

La región es conocida por cultivar arroz en sus fértiles campos.

fertilizer
fertilizer
[Sustantivo]

a chemical or natural material that is added to the soil to improve its productivity and help plants grow

fertilizante

fertilizante

Ex: After applying the fertilizer, the flowers bloomed beautifully within weeks. 

Después de aplicar el fertilizante, las flores florecieron hermosamente en semanas.

irrigation
irrigation
[Sustantivo]

the artificial application of water to land or soil to assist in the growing of crops and the maintenance of landscapes

irrigación, riego

irrigación, riego

Ex: Drip irrigation is an efficient method that delivers water directly to the roots of plants. 

El riego por goteo es un método eficiente que suministra agua directamente a las raíces de las plantas.

precipitation
precipitation
[Sustantivo]

the amount of water falling to a particular location over a specified period

precipitación, pluviometría

precipitación, pluviometría

Ex: Precipitation totals help determine drought conditions. 

Los totales de precipitación ayudan a determinar las condiciones de sequía.

to yield
to yield
[Verbo]

(of a farm or an industry) to grow or produce a crop or product

producir

producir

Ex: The fertile soil in this region yields abundant crops of wheat and corn. 

El suelo fértil de esta región produce abundantes cosechas de trigo y maíz.

semi-arid
semi-arid
[Adjetivo]

characterized by receiving very little rainfall, often with erratic precipitation patterns and a tendency towards drought conditions, but not as extreme as arid climates

Ex: The plants in semiarid environments have adapted to survive with minimal water availability. 

Las plantas en ambientes semiáridos se han adaptado para sobrevivir con una disponibilidad mínima de agua.

coniferous
coniferous
[Adjetivo]

relating to trees with hard and dry fruits called cones and needle-shaped leaves

conífero

conífero

deciduous
deciduous
[Adjetivo]

(of plants) annually losing leaves

caducifolio

caducifolio

Ex: The forest had a mix of deciduous and evergreen trees. 

El bosque tenía una mezcla de árboles caducifolios y árboles perennes.

silviculture
silviculture
[Sustantivo]

the practice of cultivating and managing forests, including the planting, growth, and harvesting of trees for timber production and ecosystem maintenance

silvicultura, gestión forestal

silvicultura, gestión forestal

Ex: The study of silviculture involves understanding tree species, growth patterns, and ecological interactions. 

El estudio de la silvicultura implica comprender las especies de árboles, los patrones de crecimiento y las interacciones ecológicas.

sharecropping
sharecropping
[Sustantivo]

an agricultural system where landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced

aparcería, medianería

aparcería, medianería

to plow
to plow
[Verbo]

to use a large farming equipment to dig the ground and make it ready for farming

arar

arar

Ex: He plows the garden plot with a plow attachment on his tractor to create furrows for planting. 

Él arado la parcela del jardín con un accesorio de arado en su tractor para crear surcos para plantar.

precision agriculture

a farming approach that uses technology to optimize crop production by precisely managing resources like water, fertilizer, and pesticides

agricultura de precisión, agricultura precisa

agricultura de precisión, agricultura precisa

agropastoralism
agropastoralism
[Sustantivo]

a farming system that combines agriculture with livestock grazing, where both activities are practiced on the same land

agropastoralismo, sistema agropastoril

agropastoralismo, sistema agropastoril

organic
organic
[Adjetivo]

(of food or farming techniques) produced or done without any artificial or chemical substances

orgánico

orgánico

Ex: Many consumers prefer organic food due to its perceived health benefits and lower environmental impact. 

Muchos consumidores prefieren los alimentos orgánicos debido a sus beneficios percibidos para la salud y su menor impacto ambiental.

insecticide
insecticide
[Sustantivo]

a chemical substance or agent that is used to kill or control insects that can cause harm to humans, crops, animals, and structures

insecticida, producto insecticida

insecticida, producto insecticida

Ex: After applying the insecticide, the plants seemed healthier and free from bugs. 

Después de aplicar el insecticida, las plantas parecían más saludables y libres de insectos.

pesticide
pesticide
[Sustantivo]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

pesticida

pesticida

Ex: Excessive use of pesticides can harm beneficial insects and the environment. 

El uso excesivo de pesticidas puede dañar a los insectos beneficiosos y al medio ambiente.

to terrace
to terrace
[Verbo]

to create stepped levels or flat areas on sloped land to prevent erosion and make the land suitable for farming or forestry

aterrazar, construir terrazas

aterrazar, construir terrazas

Ex: The ancient civilizations terraced their landscapes to manage water runoff and maximize arable land. 

Las antiguas civilizaciones aterrazaron sus paisajes para gestionar la escorrentía del agua y maximizar las tierras cultivables.

to hoe
to hoe
[Verbo]

to break up the surface of the ground, remove weeds, etc. using a gardening tool with a thin metal blade attached to a long handle

azadonar

azadonar

to till
to till
[Verbo]

to prepare the soil for planting by digging, stirring, or turning it over using a tool such as a plow or a tiller

labrar, arar

labrar, arar

Ex: The farmer tills the land with a plow to prepare it for planting crops. 

El agricultor labra la tierra con un arado para prepararla para la siembra de cultivos.

herbicide
herbicide
[Sustantivo]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

herbicida

herbicida

Ex: Environmentalists advocate for organic farming practices that minimize the use of synthetic herbicides. 

Los ambientalistas abogan por prácticas agrícolas orgánicas que minimicen el uso de herbicidas sintéticos.

manure
manure
[Sustantivo]

solid waste from animals spread on a piece of land to help plants and crops grow healthier and stronger

abono

abono

compost
compost
[Sustantivo]

decayed leaves, plants, or other organic waste turned into a mixture that can improve the soil's quality and productivity once added to it

abono orgánico, compost

abono orgánico, compost

Ex: After tilling the compost into the lawn's topsoil, the grass greened up faster and required less watering. 

Después de incorporar el compost en la capa superior del suelo del césped, el pasto se puso verde más rápido y requirió menos riego.

to weed
to weed
[Verbo]

to rid a garden or other area of land of unwanted plants

escardar

escardar

Ex: The gardener weeds the lawn regularly to maintain its lush appearance. 

El jardinero elimina las malas hierbas del césped regularmente para mantener su apariencia frondosa.

mulch
mulch
[Sustantivo]

a protective layer of decaying leaves or compost that is spread over or around a plant to improve the quality of the soil, stop weeds from growing, or to provide protection for the plant's base and its roots

mantillo

mantillo

to cross
to cross
[Verbo]

to deliberately mate individuals of different breeds or varieties to produce offspring with desirable characteristics or traits

cruzar, hibridar

cruzar, hibridar

Ex: Aquarium enthusiasts deliberately crossed differently colored Betta fish. 

Los entusiastas de los acuarios cruzaron deliberadamente peces Betta de diferentes colores.

blight
blight
[Sustantivo]

a plant disease that causes withering, discoloration, or death without immediate rotting

mildiú

mildiú

Ex: Farmers struggled to contain the spread of fungal blight. 

Los agricultores lucharon por contener la propagación del tizón fúngico.

prairie
prairie
[Sustantivo]

a flat, wide area of land with no or very few trees in North America

pradera

pradera

infestation
infestation
[Sustantivo]

the presence of large numbers of harmful insects, pests, or other organisms in an area, often causing damage to crops, trees, or natural environments

infestación, plaga

infestación, plaga

Ex: Regular monitoring helps prevent severe infestation of pests in agricultural fields. 

El monitoreo regular ayuda a prevenir una infestación severa de plagas en los campos agrícolas.

agrarian
agrarian
[Adjetivo]

related to agriculture, farmers, or rural life

agrario

agrario

Ex: The government implemented agrarian policies to support and develop the agricultural sector. 

El gobierno implementó políticas agrarias para apoyar y desarrollar el sector agrícola.

granary
granary
[Sustantivo]

a place used for storing grains or farm food

granero

granero

hydroponics
hydroponics
[Sustantivo]

a method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich water solutions

hidroponía, cultivo hidropónico

hidroponía, cultivo hidropónico

Ex: Hydroponics systems can be set up indoors, providing fresh produce year-round. 

Los sistemas de hidroponía se pueden instalar en interiores, proporcionando productos frescos durante todo el año.

eutrophication
eutrophication
[Sustantivo]

the excessive nutrients in water causing algae blooms, oxygen depletion, and ecological problems

eutrofización, enriquecimiento excesivo de nutrientes

eutrofización, enriquecimiento excesivo de nutrientes

Ex: Urban development near the river increased nutrient runoff, accelerating eutrophication. 

El desarrollo urbano cerca del río aumentó la escorrentía de nutrientes, acelerando la eutrofización.

millet
millet
[Sustantivo]

small seeds of a large crop that grows in warm regions, used to feed birds or make flour

mijo

mijo

Ex: You can impress your guests with an elegant millet-stuffed bell pepper dish. 

Puedes impresionar a tus invitados con un elegante plato de pimientos rellenos de mijo.

maize
maize
[Sustantivo]

a tall plant growing in Central America that produces yellow seeds, which are used in cooking

maíz

maíz

Ex: As the summer sun set, a family gathered in the backyard, grilling maize skewers alongside juicy grilled meats. 

Mientras el sol de verano se ponía, una familia se reunía en el patio trasero, asando brochetas de maíz junto a carnes asadas jugosas.

squash
squash
[Sustantivo]

a group of edible plants that are typically harvested and cooked while still immature

calabaza, calabacín

calabaza, calabacín

Ex: He grew a beautiful yellow squash in his backyard garden and used it to make a delicious food. 

Cultivó una hermosa calabaza amarilla en su jardín trasero y la usó para hacer una comida deliciosa.

logging
logging
[Sustantivo]

the act of cutting down trees to use their wood

explotación forestal, tala

explotación forestal, tala

Ex: Environmental activists protested against logging in the old-growth forest. 

Los activistas ambientales protestaron contra la tala en el bosque primario.

safflower
safflower
[Sustantivo]

a plant with bright orange or yellow flowers that produces seeds rich in oil

cártamo, alazor

cártamo, alazor

Ex: As the sun set, the fields of safflower swayed gently in the breeze, creating a picturesque scene. 

Mientras el sol se ponía, los campos de cártamo se mecían suavemente en la brisa, creando una escena pintoresca.

cauliflower
cauliflower
[Sustantivo]

the flower head of a plant from the cabbage family that is white in color and is eaten as a vegetable

coliflor

coliflor

Ex: The chef created a creamy cauliflower soup garnished with fresh herbs for a comforting winter meal. 

El chef creó una sopa cremosa de coliflor adornada con hierbas frescas para una comida reconfortante en invierno.

seedling
seedling
[Sustantivo]

a young plant that develops from a seed, typically in the early stages of growth after germination

plántula, brote

plántula, brote

Ex: The forest regeneration project involves planting thousands of tree seedlings each year. 

El proyecto de regeneración forestal implica plantar miles de plántulas cada año.

milfoil
milfoil
[Sustantivo]

aquatic plants with finely divided underwater leaves, found in freshwater habitats like lakes and ponds

milhojas, planta acuática con hojas finamente divididas

milhojas, planta acuática con hojas finamente divididas

Ex: Fishermen noticed a decline in fish populations due to the dense milfoil beds choking the waterways. 

Los pescadores notaron una disminución en las poblaciones de peces debido a los densos lechos de milhojas que asfixian las vías fluviales.

birch
birch
[Sustantivo]

a deciduous tree known for its smooth bark, typically found in temperate and boreal forests

abedul, abedul blanco

abedul, abedul blanco

Ex: Birch trees are known for their striking white bark that peels off in thin layers. 

Los abedules son conocidos por su llamativa corteza blanca que se desprende en capas finas.

infiltration
infiltration
[Sustantivo]

the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing soil moisture and reducing runoff

infiltración, penetración del agua en el suelo

infiltración, penetración del agua en el suelo

duff
duff
[Sustantivo]

the layer of decomposing organic matter, such as leaves, twigs, and other plant material, that accumulates on the soil surface

mantillo, hojarasca

mantillo, hojarasca

hypha
hypha
[Sustantivo]

a thread-like structure found in fungi, consisting of a chain of cells that collectively form the fungal mycelium, essential for nutrient absorption and growth

hifa, filamento fúngico

hifa, filamento fúngico

Ex: Under the microscope, the hypha appeared as a delicate, branching structure. 

Bajo el microscopio, la hifa apareció como una estructura delicada y ramificada.

asparagus
asparagus
[Sustantivo]

a long green vegetable with edible stems, used in cooking or eaten raw

espárrago

espárrago

Ex: Asparagus is a versatile vegetable that can be grilled, roasted, steamed, or sautéed to bring out its unique flavor. 

El espárrago es una verdura versátil que se puede asar, hornear, cocer al vapor o saltear para resaltar su sabor único.

vermin
vermin
[Sustantivo]

small animals or insects that are believed to be destructive and are difficult to handle when they appear in a considerable number

sabandijas

sabandijas

Ex: In many big cities, pigeons are often considered vermin due to their large populations and the mess they create. 

En muchas grandes ciudades, las palomas a menudo se consideran alimañas debido a sus grandes poblaciones y el desorden que crean.

wasteland
wasteland
[Sustantivo]

a barren area of land that is unsuitable for agriculture or habitation

tierra baldía, yermo

tierra baldía, yermo

Ex: The prolonged drought transformed fertile fields into a desolate wasteland. 

La sequía prolongada transformó campos fértiles en un yermo desolado.

gourd
gourd
[Sustantivo]

a type of fruit belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, typically with a hard outer shell, often used for containers, utensils, or as ornamental decorations

calabaza, guaje

calabaza, guaje

Ex: In autumn, the porch was adorned with colorful gourds for seasonal decorations. 

En otoño, el porche estaba adornado con calabazas de colores para decoraciones estacionales.

radish
radish
[Sustantivo]

an edible root of red color with a pungent taste that is eaten raw in salads

rábano

rábano

Ex: She sliced the radishes into thin rounds and added them to a fresh garden salad. 

Cortó los rábanos en rodajas finas y los agregó a una ensalada fresca de jardín.

hemlock
hemlock
[Sustantivo]

a tall evergreen tree with fine-grained wood, valued for construction and known for its dense foliage

tsuga, cicuta

tsuga, cicuta

Ex: Hemlock trees are prized for their straight trunks and resistance to decay. 

Los abetos son apreciados por sus troncos rectos y su resistencia a la descomposición.

legume
legume
[Sustantivo]

any type of plant whose pods contain seeds, such as peas and beans

legumbre

legumbre

Ex: She enjoys a salad made with mixed greens and assorted legumes. 

Disfruta de una ensalada hecha con verduras mixtas y legumbres variadas.

purslane
purslane
[Sustantivo]

a succulent herb with fleshy leaves, commonly used in salads and culinary dishes

verdolaga, portulaca

verdolaga, portulaca

Ex: She picked some fresh purslane from her garden and added it to her summer salad. 

Ella recogió un poco de verdolaga fresca de su jardín y la agregó a su ensalada de verano.

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