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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Académico - Prueba 4 - Lectura - Pasaje 3 (1)

Learn vocabulary from the first part of Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic, Test 4 Reading Passage 3, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
unselfish
unselfish
[Adjetivo]

showing concern for the needs and happiness of others over one's own interests or benefits

desinteresado, altruista

desinteresado, altruista

Ex: She is known for her unselfish dedication to helping others. 

Ella es conocida por su dedicación desinteresada para ayudar a los demás.

self-centred
self-centred
[Adjetivo]

focused on oneself and one's own needs, often disregarding the needs or feelings of others

egocéntrico, centrado en uno mismo

egocéntrico, centrado en uno mismo

Ex: Teenagers can be self-centred at times. 

Los adolescentes pueden ser egocéntricos en ocasiones.

assumption
assumption
[Sustantivo]

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

suposición

suposición

Ex: She made the assumption that he would handle the project alone. 

Ella hizo la suposición de que él manejaría el proyecto solo.

apparently
apparently
[Adverbio]

used to convey that something seems to be true based on the available evidence or information

por lo visto

por lo visto

Ex: Apparently, the train is delayed due to technical issues. 
ruthless
ruthless
[Adjetivo]

showing no mercy or compassion towards others in pursuit of one's goals

despiadado, implacable

despiadado, implacable

Ex: The ruthless landlord evicted tenants without warning, caring only about profits. 

El casero despiadado desalojó a los inquilinos sin previo aviso, preocupándose solo por las ganancias.

impulse
impulse
[Sustantivo]

a sudden strong urge or desire to do something, often without thinking or planning beforehand

impulso, deseo repentino

impulso, deseo repentino

Ex: The sudden impulse to travel led them to book a last-minute flight. 

El impulso repentino de viajar los llevó a reservar un vuelo de último momento.

to compete
to compete
[Verbo]

to try to achieve a better result compared to that of other people or things

competir

competir

Ex: The new brand is ready to compete with the established giants in the market. 

La nueva marca está lista para competir con los gigantes establecidos en el mercado.

to accumulate

to collect an increasing amount of something over time

acumular

acumular

Ex: Throughout their lives, some people accumulate a variety of experiences that shape their perspectives. 

A lo largo de sus vidas, algunas personas acumulan una variedad de experiencias que moldean sus perspectivas.

power
power
[Sustantivo]

the ability to control or have an effect on things or people

poder

poder

Ex: They gained power through years of hard work and dedication. 

Obtuvieron poder a través de años de trabajo duro y dedicación.

possession
possession
[Sustantivo]

(usually plural) anything that a person has or owns at a specific time

posesión

posesión

Ex: The thief was caught red-handed with stolen possessions in his backpack. 

El ladrón fue sorprendido con las manos en la masa con posesiones robadas en su mochila.

one another
one another
[Pronombre]

used to refer to the reciprocal relationship or action between multiple people or things

unos a otros, el uno al otro

unos a otros, el uno al otro

Ex: The employees in the office support one another during busy times. 

Los empleados de la oficina se apoyan unos a otros durante los tiempos ocupados.

ulterior
ulterior
[Adjetivo]

existing beyond what is readily apparent or visible, often intentionally hidden or concealed

segundo

segundo

Ex: The politician's promises were met with skepticism, as many believed he had ulterior agenda and was seeking reelection. 

Las promesas del político fueron recibidas con escepticismo, ya que muchos creían que tenía un motivo oculto y buscaba la reelección.

motive
motive
[Sustantivo]

a reason or purpose behind someone's actions or behavior

motivo, razón

motivo, razón

Ex: His motive for quitting the job was to pursue a better opportunity. 

Su motivo para dejar el trabajo era perseguir una mejor oportunidad.

to transcend

to go beyond a particular limit, quality, or standard, often in an exceptional way

trascender, superar

trascender, superar

Ex: The athlete's performance on the field has the potential to transcend records and redefine expectations. 

El rendimiento del atleta en el campo tiene el potencial de trascender los récords y redefinir las expectativas.

innate
innate
[Adjetivo]

(of a quality or skill) gained from the moment that one was born

innato

innato

brutality
brutality
[Sustantivo]

the trait of extreme cruelty

brutalidad

brutalidad

Ex: The documentary exposes the brutality of the regime. 
bleak
bleak
[Adjetivo]

(of situations) not giving any or much hope or encouragement

sombrío

sombrío

Ex: The end of the movie left a bleak impression with its tragic conclusion. 

El final de la película dejó una impresión desoladora con su conclusión trágica.

human nature
human nature
[Sustantivo]

the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings

naturaleza humana, esencia humana

naturaleza humana, esencia humana

closely
closely
[Adverbio]

in an affectionate or emotionally intimate way

estrechamente, cariñosamente

estrechamente, cariñosamente

Ex: They grew up closely and still talk daily. 

Crecieron estrechamente y todavía hablan a diario.

to associate

to make a connection between someone or something and another in the mind

asociar

asociar

Ex: Some students associate the library with a quiet and focused environment for studying. 

Asociar ayuda a algunos estudiantes a conectar la biblioteca con un entorno tranquilo y enfocado para estudiar.

to justify
to justify
[Verbo]

to provide a valid reason or explanation for an action, decision, or belief, usually something that others consider wrong

justificar

justificar

Ex: The company had to justify its decision to lay off employees by explaining the financial challenges it was facing. 

La empresa tuvo que justificar su decisión de despedir empleados explicando los desafíos financieros que enfrentaba.

ethos
ethos
[Sustantivo]

the fundamental values and beliefs that influence and guide the behavior and attitudes of a person, group, or organization

el ethos, los valores fundamentales

el ethos, los valores fundamentales

Ex: The university fosters an ethos of academic excellence and integrity. 

La universidad fomenta un ethos de excelencia académica e integridad.

individualistic
individualistic
[Adjetivo]

marked by or expressing individuality

individualista

individualista

Ex: The designer is known for her bold, individualistic aesthetic. 
prevalent
prevalent
[Adjetivo]

widespread or commonly occurring at a particular time or in a particular place

predominante, prevalente

predominante, prevalente

Ex: Gender inequality remains prevalent in many workplaces despite efforts to promote diversity. 

La desigualdad de género sigue siendo prevalente en muchos lugares de trabajo a pesar de los esfuerzos por promover la diversidad.

with reference to
with reference to
[Preposición]

used to indicate that something is being mentioned or discussed in relation to a particular subject, source, or context

en referencia a, con respecto a

en referencia a, con respecto a

Ex: The speaker made several important points with reference to climate change and its impact on coastal regions. 

El orador hizo varios puntos importantes con referencia a el cambio climático y su impacto en las regiones costeras.

field
field
[Sustantivo]

an area of activity or a subject of study

campo

campo

Ex: Advances in the field of medicine have saved countless lives. 

Los avances en el campo de la medicina han salvado innumerables vidas.

evolutionary
evolutionary
[Adjetivo]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

evolutivo

evolutivo

Ex: The evolutionary history of humans traces back millions of years to ancestral primates. 

La historia evolutiva de los humanos se remonta millones de años atrás a los primates ancestrales.

to theorize

to formulate a hypothesis to explain something, often as a starting point for further investigation or study

teorizar

teorizar

Ex: Based on market trends, the company has theorized that launching a new product line would attract a wider customer base. 

Basándose en las tendencias del mercado, la compañía ha teorizado que el lanzamiento de una nueva línea de productos atraería a una base de clientes más amplia.

present-day
present-day
[Adjetivo]

existing or occurring in the current period

actual, contemporáneo

actual, contemporáneo

Ex: Present-day environmental challenges require innovative solutions to combat climate change. 

Los desafíos ambientales actuales requieren soluciones innovadoras para combatir el cambio climático.

trait
trait
[Sustantivo]

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, especially one that forms part of someone's personality or identity

rasgo,  característica

rasgo, característica

Ex: Strong communication is a key trait for success in business. 

Una comunicación fuerte es un rasgo clave para el éxito en los negocios.

prehistoric
prehistoric
[Adjetivo]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

prehistórico

prehistórico

Ex: The museum exhibit showcased prehistoric fossils of dinosaurs and other ancient creatures. 

La exhibición del museo mostraba fósiles prehistóricos de dinosaurios y otras criaturas antiguas.

times
times
[Sustantivo]

a distinct period of history or culture, or a specific moment or duration of time

época, tiempos

época, tiempos

Ex: The times have changed, and so have our priorities. 

Los tiempos han cambiado, y también nuestras prioridades.

to term
to term
[Verbo]

to describe something using a specific word or phrase

denominar, calificar

denominar, calificar

Ex: The economist termed the current economic situation stagflation due to slow growth and high inflation. 

El economista denominó la situación económica actual como estanflación debido al lento crecimiento y a la alta inflación.

prehistory
prehistory
[Sustantivo]

the era in human history from which we have no written record

prehistoria

prehistoria

to see
to see
[Verbo]

to regard someone or something in a specific way

ver, entender

ver, entender

Ex: Let's see the situation as an opportunity for growth and learning. 

Veamos la situación como una oportunidad para crecer y aprender.

intense
intense
[Adjetivo]

very extreme or great

intenso, fuerte

intenso, fuerte

Ex: The movie's intense action scenes kept viewers on the edge of their seats. 

Las escenas de acción intensas de la película mantuvieron a los espectadores al borde de sus asientos.

competition
competition
[Sustantivo]

the act of trying to achieve a goal by doing better than others who are also aiming for the same goal

competencia,  rivalidad

competencia, rivalidad

Ex: In the fashion industry, designers face stiff competition to stay ahead of trends and capture consumer attention. 

En la industria de la moda, los diseñadores enfrentan una competencia feroz para mantenerse a la vanguardia de las tendencias y captar la atención del consumidor.

brutal
brutal
[Adjetivo]

unpleasant or harsh in a way that is difficult to endure

brutal, implacable

brutal, implacable

Ex: The brutal noise of the construction site made it impossible to concentrate. 

El ruido brutal de la obra hacía imposible concentrarse.

aggression
aggression
[Sustantivo]

a disposition to behave aggressively

agresión,  hostilidad

agresión, hostilidad

ruthlessness
ruthlessness
[Sustantivo]

mercilessness characterized by a lack of pity

crueldad, despiadado

crueldad, despiadado

Ex: Critics condemned the company's ruthlessness toward competitors. 
bound
bound
[Adjetivo]

likely to happen or sure to experience something

de seguro

de seguro

Ex: If they continue to follow the new guidelines, they are bound to see improvements in their results. 

Si continúan siguiendo las nuevas directrices, están destinados a ver mejoras en sus resultados.

conflict
conflict
[Sustantivo]

an open clash or struggle between opposing groups or individuals

conflicto, enfrentamiento

conflicto, enfrentamiento

Ex: The conflict left lasting political consequences. 

El conflicto dejó consecuencias políticas duraderas.

rival
rival
[Sustantivo]

a person or entity competing against another for the same objective or superiority in a field

rival, competidor

rival, competidor

gene
gene
[Sustantivo]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gene

gene

Ex: She discovered that her gene pool had a unique mutation. 

Descubrió que su acervo génico tenía una mutación única.

adaptedness
adaptedness
[Sustantivo]

the ability or quality of being able to adjust or change to fit different situations or environments

adaptabilidad, capacidad de adaptación

adaptabilidad, capacidad de adaptación

Ex: The company's adaptedness to market trends kept it competitive. 

La capacidad de adaptación de la empresa a las tendencias del mercado la mantuvo competitiva.

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