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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 4 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (1)

Learn vocabulary from the first part of Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic, Test 4 Reading Passage 3, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
unselfish
unselfish
[pang-uri]

showing concern for the needs and happiness of others over one's own interests or benefits

hindi makasarili, mapagbigay

hindi makasarili, mapagbigay

Ex: Her unselfish acts of kindness inspired everyone around her. 

Ang kanyang mga hindi makasarili na gawa ng kabutihan ay nagbigay-inspirasyon sa lahat sa kanyang paligid.

self-centred
self-centred
[pang-uri]

focused on oneself and one's own needs, often disregarding the needs or feelings of others

makasarili, nakasentro sa sarili

makasarili, nakasentro sa sarili

Ex: He is too self-centred to notice anyone else's problems. 

Masyado siyang makasarili upang mapansin ang mga problema ng iba.

assumption
assumption
[Pangngalan]

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

palagay, haka-haka

palagay, haka-haka

Ex: His assumption about the meeting time was incorrect. 

Ang kanyang palagay tungkol sa oras ng pulong ay hindi tama.

apparently
apparently
[pang-abay]

used to convey that something seems to be true based on the available evidence or information

tila, maliwanag

tila, maliwanag

Ex: He apparently left the office early today; his desk is empty. 
ruthless
ruthless
[pang-uri]

showing no mercy or compassion towards others in pursuit of one's goals

walang awa, malupit

walang awa, malupit

Ex: She climbed the corporate ladder by using ruthless tactics to eliminate her competitors. 

Umakyat siya sa corporate ladder sa pamamagitan ng paggamit ng walang awang mga taktika para maalis ang kanyang mga kalaban.

impulse
impulse
[Pangngalan]

a sudden strong urge or desire to do something, often without thinking or planning beforehand

impulse, biglaang pagnanais

impulse, biglaang pagnanais

Ex: On an impulse, she bought the dress without checking the price. 

Sa isang impulse, binili niya ang damit nang hindi tinitingnan ang presyo.

to compete
to compete
[Pandiwa]

to try to achieve a better result compared to that of other people or things

makipagkumpetensya, makipagpaligsahan

makipagkumpetensya, makipagpaligsahan

Ex: Businesses compete to provide the best customer service. 

Ang mga negosyo ay nagkakompitensya para makapagbigay ng pinakamahusay na serbisyo sa customer.

to accumulate
to accumulate
[Pandiwa]

to collect an increasing amount of something over time

mag-ipon, magtipon

mag-ipon, magtipon

Ex: Over the years, he has accumulated a vast collection of rare stamps from all over the world. 

Sa paglipas ng mga taon, siya ay nakaipon ng malaking koleksyon ng mga bihirang selyo mula sa buong mundo.

power
power
[Pangngalan]

the ability to control or have an effect on things or people

kapangyarihan, lakas

kapangyarihan, lakas

Ex: The CEO has the power to make major decisions for the company. 

Ang CEO ay may kapangyarihan na gumawa ng mga pangunahing desisyon para sa kumpanya.

possession
possession
[Pangngalan]

(usually plural) anything that a person has or owns at a specific time

ari-arian, pagmamay-ari

ari-arian, pagmamay-ari

Ex: As he packed his possessions into boxes, memories flooded back from years spent in the old house. 

Habang inilalagay niya ang kanyang pag-aari sa mga kahon, bumalik ang mga alaala mula sa mga taong ginugol sa lumang bahay.

one another
one another
[Panghalip]

used to refer to the reciprocal relationship or action between multiple people or things

ang isa't isa, sa isa't isa

ang isa't isa, sa isa't isa

Ex: The guests at the party introduced themselves and mingled with one another. 

Ang mga bisita sa party ay nagpakilala at nakihalubilo sa isa't isa.

ulterior
ulterior
[pang-uri]

existing beyond what is readily apparent or visible, often intentionally hidden or concealed

nakatago, hindi inamin

nakatago, hindi inamin

Ex: She suspected he had ulterior motives for offering to help her with the project, as he stood to gain personally from its success. 

Nagduda siya na may lihim na motibo siya sa pag-aalok ng tulong sa proyekto, dahil makikinabang siya nang personal sa tagumpay nito.

motive
motive
[Pangngalan]

a reason or purpose behind someone's actions or behavior

motibo, dahilan

motibo, dahilan

Ex: Revenge was suspected as the motive for the vandalism. 

Ang motibasyon ay pinaghihinalaang dahilan ng vandalismo.

to transcend
to transcend
[Pandiwa]

to go beyond a particular limit, quality, or standard, often in an exceptional way

lampasan, dakila

lampasan, dakila

Ex: The technological advancements in communication have the potential to transcend geographical distances and connect people worldwide. 

Ang mga pagsulong sa teknolohiya sa komunikasyon ay may potensyal na lampasan ang mga distansyang heograpikal at ikonekta ang mga tao sa buong mundo.

innate
innate
[pang-uri]

(of a quality or skill) gained from the moment that one was born

likas,  natural

likas, natural

brutality
brutality
[Pangngalan]

the trait of extreme cruelty

kalupitan

kalupitan

Ex: The brutality of the assault shocked the community. 
bleak
bleak
[pang-uri]

(of situations) not giving any or much hope or encouragement

malungkot, walang pag-asa

malungkot, walang pag-asa

Ex: The future looked bleak after the company announced layoffs. 

Mukhang malungkot ang hinaharap matapos anunsyuhan ng kumpanya ang mga layoff.

human nature
human nature
[Pangngalan]

the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings

likas na katangian ng tao, diwa ng tao

likas na katangian ng tao, diwa ng tao

closely
closely
[pang-abay]

in an affectionate or emotionally intimate way

malapit, nang may pagmamahal

malapit, nang may pagmamahal

Ex: The puppy bonded closely with its new owner. 

Ang tuta ay malapit na nakipag-bond sa kanyang bagong may-ari.

to associate
to associate
[Pandiwa]

to make a connection between someone or something and another in the mind

iugnay, isama

iugnay, isama

Ex: Many people associate the smell of freshly baked cookies with warmth and home. 

Maraming tao ang iniuugnay ang amoy ng sariwang lutong cookies sa init at tahanan.

to justify
to justify
[Pandiwa]

to provide a valid reason or explanation for an action, decision, or belief, usually something that others consider wrong

bigyang-katwiran, ipagtanggol

bigyang-katwiran, ipagtanggol

Ex: She had to justify her choice to pursue a career in the arts to her parents, emphasizing her passion and long-term goals. 

Kailangan niyang bigyang-katwiran ang kanyang pagpili na ituloy ang isang karera sa sining sa kanyang mga magulang, na binibigyang-diin ang kanyang pagmamahal at pangmatagalang mga layunin.

ethos
ethos
[Pangngalan]

the fundamental values and beliefs that influence and guide the behavior and attitudes of a person, group, or organization

ethos, pangunahing mga halaga

ethos, pangunahing mga halaga

Ex: The company’s ethos emphasizes innovation and sustainability. 

Ang ethos ng kumpanya ay nagbibigay-diin sa pagbabago at pagpapanatili.

individualistic
individualistic
[pang-uri]

marked by or expressing individuality

indibidwalista

indibidwalista

Ex: She developed an individualistic style that ignored current fashion trends. 
prevalent
prevalent
[pang-uri]

widespread or commonly occurring at a particular time or in a particular place

laganap, karaniwan

laganap, karaniwan

Ex: Depression is prevalent among college students, often due to academic stress and social pressures. 

Ang depresyon ay laganap sa mga mag-aaral sa kolehiyo, madalas dahil sa akademikong stress at mga pressure sa lipunan.

with reference to
with reference to
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate that something is being mentioned or discussed in relation to a particular subject, source, or context

may kinalaman sa, tungkol sa

may kinalaman sa, tungkol sa

Ex: The report provides detailed analysis with reference to market trends and consumer behavior. 

Ang ulat ay nagbibigay ng detalyadong pagsusuri na may sanggunian sa mga trend ng merkado at pag-uugali ng mamimili.

field
field
[Pangngalan]

an area of activity or a subject of study

larangan, dako

larangan, dako

Ex: Her work in the field of environmental science has earned her numerous awards. 

Ang kanyang trabaho sa larangan ng agham pangkapaligiran ay nagtamo sa kanya ng maraming parangal.

evolutionary
evolutionary
[pang-uri]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

ebolusyonaryo

ebolusyonaryo

Ex: The evolutionary process has led to the diverse array of life forms we see today. 

Ang proseso ng ebolusyon ay nagdulot ng iba't ibang anyo ng buhay na nakikita natin ngayon.

to theorize
to theorize
[Pandiwa]

to formulate a hypothesis to explain something, often as a starting point for further investigation or study

magteorya, bumuo ng hinuha

magteorya, bumuo ng hinuha

Ex: Economists are theorizing that higher interest rates may help slow inflation without damaging growth. 

Ang mga ekonomista ay nagte-theorize na ang mas mataas na interest rates ay maaaring makatulong na pabagalin ang inflation nang hindi sinisira ang paglago.

present-day
present-day
[pang-uri]

existing or occurring in the current period

kasalukuyan, kontemporaryo

kasalukuyan, kontemporaryo

Ex: Present-day environmental challenges require innovative solutions to combat climate change. 

Ang mga hamon sa kapaligiran ngayon ay nangangailangan ng mga makabagong solusyon upang labanan ang pagbabago ng klima.

trait
trait
[Pangngalan]

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, especially one that forms part of someone's personality or identity

katangian,  karakteristiko

katangian, karakteristiko

Ex: Patience is a trait that can be developed over time. 

Ang pasensya ay isang katangian na maaaring malinang sa paglipas ng panahon.

prehistoric
prehistoric
[pang-uri]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

prehistoriko, panahon bago ang kasaysayan

prehistoriko, panahon bago ang kasaysayan

Ex: Archaeologists discovered prehistoric artifacts in the cave. 

Natuklasan ng mga arkeologo ang mga artifact na prehistoriko sa kuweba.

times
times
[Pangngalan]

a distinct period of history or culture, or a specific moment or duration of time

panahon, mga oras

panahon, mga oras

Ex: In medieval times, castles were centers of power. 

Noong medieval na panahon, ang mga kastilyo ay sentro ng kapangyarihan.

to term
to term
[Pandiwa]

to describe something using a specific word or phrase

tawagin, ilarawan

tawagin, ilarawan

Ex: Educators term the learning approach experiential learning when students actively engage in hands-on experiences. 

Tinatawag ng mga edukador ang paraan ng pag-aaral na experiential learning kapag aktibong nakikilahok ang mga estudyante sa mga hands-on na karanasan.

prehistory
prehistory
[Pangngalan]

the era in human history from which we have no written record

prehistorya, panahon bago ang kasaysayan

prehistorya, panahon bago ang kasaysayan

to see
to see
[Pandiwa]

to regard someone or something in a specific way

makita, itinuring

makita, itinuring

Ex: I see him as a reliable friend who I can always count on. 

Nakikita ko siya bilang isang maaasahang kaibigan na laging maaasahan.

intense
intense
[pang-uri]

very extreme or great

matindi, labis

matindi, labis

Ex: The storm brought intense winds and heavy rainfall. 

Nagdala ang bagyo ng matinding hangin at malakas na ulan.

competition
competition
[Pangngalan]

the act of trying to achieve a goal by doing better than others who are also aiming for the same goal

kompetisyon,  paligsahan

kompetisyon, paligsahan

Ex: There's intense competition among smartphone manufacturers to release the most innovative devices. 

May matinding kompetisyon sa mga tagagawa ng smartphone upang maglabas ng mga pinaka-makabagong device.

brutal
brutal
[pang-uri]

unpleasant or harsh in a way that is difficult to endure

malupit, mabagsik

malupit, mabagsik

Ex: The brutal noise of the construction site made it impossible to concentrate. 

Ang malupit na ingay ng construction site ay nagpahirap na mag-concentrate.

aggression
aggression
[Pangngalan]

a disposition to behave aggressively

agresyon,  pagiging agresibo

agresyon, pagiging agresibo

ruthlessness
ruthlessness
[Pangngalan]

mercilessness characterized by a lack of pity

kawalang-awa, kalupitan

kawalang-awa, kalupitan

Ex: The leader was feared for his ruthlessness. 
bound
bound
[pang-uri]

likely to happen or sure to experience something

malamang na mangyari, tiyak na mararanasan ang isang bagay

malamang na mangyari, tiyak na mararanasan ang isang bagay

Ex: If they continue to follow the new guidelines, they are bound to see improvements in their results. 

Kung patuloy nilang susundin ang mga bagong alituntunin, sila ay tiyak na makakakita ng mga pagpapabuti sa kanilang mga resulta.

conflict
conflict
[Pangngalan]

an open clash or struggle between opposing groups or individuals

hidwaan, alitan

hidwaan, alitan

Ex: Riots erupted in the city following the conflict. 

Sumiklab ang mga kaguluhan sa lungsod pagkatapos ng alitan.

rival
rival
[Pangngalan]

a person or entity competing against another for the same objective or superiority in a field

kalaban, katunggali

kalaban, katunggali

gene
gene
[Pangngalan]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

Ex: The gene responsible for eye color is inherited from both parents. 

Ang gene na responsable sa kulay ng mata ay minana mula sa parehong magulang.

adaptedness
adaptedness
[Pangngalan]

the ability or quality of being able to adjust or change to fit different situations or environments

kakayahang umangkop, pagiging madaling umangkop

kakayahang umangkop, pagiging madaling umangkop

Ex: The company's adaptedness to market trends kept it competitive. 

Ang kakayahang umangkop ng kumpanya sa mga trend ng merkado ang nagpanatili nitong mapagkumpitensya.

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