کمبریج انگلیش: CAE (C1 پیشرفته) - جوامع تاریخی و نظام‌های اقتصادی

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

the practice or policy of a nation controlling or ruling over foreign territories, often exploiting them economically and politically

the state of having independent authority to govern oneself without control by another power

the study of the origins and developments of the human race and its societies and cultures

a person or group that moves from place to place, usually in search of food, water, or pasture, rather than living permanently in one location

a person who makes or repairs tools, often for industrial or mechanical use

to exchange goods or services without using money

to go and reside in a place as a permanent home

a period of time in history or someone's life, during which significant events happen

a member of a society that survives by hunting animals, fishing, and gathering wild plants rather than practicing agriculture

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

a handheld portable light source that uses a flame to lighten a place

the practice of living in one place for a long time rather than moving around

the idea that a country becomes richer and stronger by selling more goods to other countries than it buys, and by controlling trade through government rules