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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Académique - Test 1 - Lecture - Passage 3 (2)

Apprenez le vocabulaire de la deuxième partie du Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 1, Reading Passage 3, avec des mots et expressions utiles du texte.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
intergovernmental

involving or relating to two or more governments or governmental agencies, especially those of different countries

intergouvernemental

intergouvernemental

Ex: An intergovernmental agreement was signed to enhance trade relations and reduce tariffs. 

Un accord intergouvernemental a été signé pour renforcer les relations commerciales et réduire les tarifs douaniers.

to advise
to advise
[verbe]

to provide someone with suggestion or guidance regarding a specific situation

conseiller

conseiller

Ex: Parents often advise their children to make responsible choices and decisions. 
atmosphere

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

atmosphère

atmosphère

Ex: Scientists study Mars' thin atmosphere to understand its climate. 
to burn up
to burn up
[verbe]

to be entirely destroyed by fire

brûler entièrement, être détruit par le feu

brûler entièrement, être détruit par le feu

Ex: The dry leaves piled up near the campsite started to burn up when a spark landed on them. 

Les feuilles sèches entassées près du camping ont commencé à brûler complètement lorsqu'une étincelle est tombée dessus.

to disintegrate

to break down or fragment into constituent components due to various forces or interactions

se désintégrer, se fragmenter

se désintégrer, se fragmenter

Ex: Over time, the unstable nucleus of the radioactive atom disintegrated, emitting radiation. 

Avec le temps, le noyau instable de l'atome radioactif s'est désintégré, émettant des radiations.

so far
so far
[Phrase]

in a continuous manner up to the present moment

Ex: So far, we have not received any complaints. 
mission
mission
[nom]

an operation carried out in space

mission

mission

Ex: The Mars Curiosity rover's mission is to explore the Martian surface and study its geology. 
to abide by

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

respecter

respecter

Ex: As a citizen, it's important to abide by the laws and regulations of your country. 

En tant que citoyen, il est important de respecter les lois et règlements de votre pays.

enterprise

an enormous project that is part of a for-profit business

entreprise, projet

entreprise, projet

Ex: The construction of the massive skyscraper is a major enterprise for the real estate firm. 
despite
despite
[préposition]

used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

malgré, en dépit de

malgré, en dépit de

Ex: Despite the heavy rain, they decided to go for a hike. 
intention

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

intention

intention

Ex: His intention to travel the world was evident in every conversation, as he shared his plans with anyone who would listen. 
to [go] bankrupt

to run out of money or assets and be unable to pay one's debts or financial obligations

Ex: They filed for bankruptcy when their business went bankrupt. 
in theory
in theory
[Phrase]

with regard to fundamentals although not concerning details

vastness

unusual largeness in size or extent or number

immensité, étendue

immensité, étendue

to near
to near
[verbe]

to approach or move in the direction of someone or something

approcher, s'approcher de

approcher, s'approcher de

Ex: As the ship continued to near the shore, passengers gathered on the deck to catch a glimpse of the approaching coastline. 
to tackle
to tackle
[verbe]

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

s’attaquer à

s’attaquer à

Ex: Facing environmental challenges, the government took steps to tackle pollution and promote sustainability. 
precision

the quality of being very careful and accurate, especially in performing tasks or making measurements

précision, exactitude

précision, exactitude

Ex: The artist's precision in painting fine details impressed everyone. 
to alleviate

to reduce from the difficulty or intensity of a problem, issue, etc.

réduire

réduire

Ex: Charitable efforts have alleviated the suffering caused by the natural disaster. 

Les efforts caritatifs ont atténué les souffrances causées par la catastrophe naturelle.

maneuver

a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill

manœuvre, manipulation

manœuvre, manipulation

precisely
precisely
[Adverbe]

in a careful and accurate manner, with great attention to detail

précisément

précisément

Ex: She cut the fabric precisely to match the pattern. 

Elle a coupé le tissu précisément pour qu'il corresponde au motif.

specialist

a person with extensive knowledge or skill in a specific field or area of expertise

spécialiste

spécialiste

Ex: The museum consulted a specialist in medieval art. 
aerospace

the sector of technology and industry focused on aircraft, spacecraft, and their associated systems

aérospatial, spatial

aérospatial, spatial

Ex: Aerospace engineering covers both aircraft and spacecraft technologies. 

L'ingénierie aérospatiale couvre à la fois les technologies des aéronefs et des engins spatiaux.

corporation

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

société

société

Ex: As a legal entity, the corporation can enter into contracts and own property. 
field
field
[nom]

an area of activity or a subject of study

domaine

domaine

Ex: He decided to pursue a career in the field of engineering. 
to line up
to line up
[verbe]

to align or position something precisely in relation to another thing

aligner, positionner

aligner, positionner

Ex: To capture a clear image, we must make sure to line the camera lens up with the subject. 

Pour capturer une image claire, nous devons nous assurer d'aligner l'objectif de l'appareil photo avec le sujet.

routine
routine
[nom]

a set of actions or behaviors that someone does regularly or habitually

routine, habitude

routine, habitude

Ex: His exercise routine includes jogging and push-ups. 
to achieve
to achieve
[verbe]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

atteindre, accomplir

atteindre, accomplir

Ex: The research team collaborated tirelessly to achieve a breakthrough in medical science, leading to a groundbreaking discovery. 
to prioritize

to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

prioriser, donner la priorité

prioriser, donner la priorité

Ex: The team prioritized safety measures above all else during the project. 

L'équipe a priorisé les mesures de sécurité avant tout pendant le projet.

nota bene

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, notez bien

nota bene, notez bien

conflicting
conflicting
[Adjectif]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

contradictoire, divergent

contradictoire, divergent

Ex: The siblings often had conflicting schedules, which made it challenging to plan family gatherings. 

Les frères et sœurs avaient souvent des emplois du temps contradictoires, ce qui rendait difficile la planification des réunions de famille.

to undo
to undo
[verbe]

to make null or cancel the effects of something

annuler

annuler

Ex: The software allows users to undo their last edits, providing a safety net in case changes need to be reversed. 

Le logiciel permet aux utilisateurs d'annuler leurs dernières modifications, offrant un filet de sécurité au cas où des changements devraient être inversés.

down
down
[Adverbe]

to a more focused or reduced form

réduire, diminuer

réduire, diminuer

Ex: They managed to boil the concept down to its core ideas. 
database

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

base de données

base de données

Ex: She used the database to search for specific entries and generate reports based on the collected data. 
to track
to track
[verbe]

to monitor or record the movement or progress of something over time

suivre, enregistrer

suivre, enregistrer

Ex: He tracked changes in the stock market using software. 
consistently
consistently
[Adverbe]

in a way that is always the same

invariablement, constamment

invariablement, constamment

Ex: The athlete consistently performs well in competitions. 

L'athlète régulièrement performe bien dans les compétitions.

authoritative
authoritative
[Adjectif]

of recognized authority or excellence

autoritaire, fiable

autoritaire, fiable

catalog
catalog
[nom]

a list of items in a particular category, especially one systematically arranged

catalogue

catalogue

Ex: The website provides a catalog of available resources. 
to illustrate

to explain or show the meaning of something using examples, pictures, etc.

illustrer

illustrer

Ex: She used a real-life example to illustrate her point during the presentation. 
to draw on
to draw on
[verbe]

to use information, knowledge, or past experience to aid in performing a task or achieving a goal

puiser dans, faire appel à

puiser dans, faire appel à

Ex: The speaker drew on personal experiences to illustrate the importance of perseverance. 

L'orateur a puisé dans ses expériences personnelles pour illustrer l'importance de la persévérance.

source
source
[nom]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

source

source

Ex: Always check the credibility of your sources before including them in your paper. 
to maintain

to keep a record of something by regularly documenting updates or details in writing

tenir, maintenir

tenir, maintenir

Ex: The scientist maintained detailed notes of each experiment’s results. 

Le scientifique maintenait des notes détaillées des résultats de chaque expérience.

to visualize

to form a mental image or picture of something

visualiser, se représenter

visualiser, se représenter

Ex: As she read the novel, she could vividly visualize the scenes described by the author. 

Alors qu'elle lisait le roman, elle pouvait visualiser vivement les scènes décrites par l'auteur.

identifier

a symbol that establishes the identity of the one bearing it

identifiant, marqueur d'identité

identifiant, marqueur d'identité

cross
cross
[Adjectif]

arranged in opposite or inverse relationships

croisé, opposé

croisé, opposé

Ex: Their cross perspectives on the issue led to an ongoing debate. 
to correlate

to cause or show a mutual relation between two things

mettre en corrélation

mettre en corrélation

Ex: In urban planning, it is essential to correlate transportation infrastructure with residential and commercial development. 

Dans l'urbanisme, il est essentiel de corréler les infrastructures de transport avec le développement résidentiel et commercial.

environmentalist

a person who is concerned with the environment and tries to protect it

écologiste

écologiste

Ex: As an environmentalist, she dedicated her life to fighting deforestation and habitat loss. 

En tant qu'environnementaliste, elle a consacré sa vie à lutter contre la déforestation et la perte d'habitat.

to operate
to operate
[verbe]

to function in a specific way

fonctionner, marcher

fonctionner, marcher

Ex: The computer operates with the latest software updates. 
generation

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

génération

génération

Ex: Millennials are a generation known for their familiarity with digital technology. 
community

a group of people having a religion, ethnic, profession, or other particular characteristic in common

communauté, collectivité

communauté, collectivité

Ex: She is active in the local arts community. 
to devolve
to devolve
[verbe]

grow worse

dégénérer, empirer

dégénérer, empirer

to argue
to argue
[verbe]

to provide evidence or support for a particular conclusion or viewpoint

plaider, argumenter

plaider, argumenter

Ex: The clues found at the crime scene argue her guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. 
spaceflight

a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere

vol spatial, voyage spatial

vol spatial, voyage spatial

to pollute
to pollute
[verbe]

to damage the environment by releasing harmful chemicals or substances to the air, water, or land

polluer

polluer

Ex: Dumping untreated sewage into rivers can pollute the water and harm aquatic life. 

Déverser des eaux usées non traitées dans les rivières peut polluer l'eau et nuire à la vie aquatique.

reference

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

référence, citation

référence, citation

Ex: His speech made multiple references to historical events. 
to [take] place

to occur at a specific time or location

Ex: The annual conference is set to take place next month. 
to minimize

to reduce something to the lowest possible degree or amount, particularly something unpleasant

réduire au maximum, minimiser

réduire au maximum, minimiser

Ex: The team is currently working to minimize errors in the new software release. 

L'équipe travaille actuellement à minimiser les erreurs dans la nouvelle version du logiciel.

explanation

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

explication, éclaircissement

explication, éclaircissement

Ex: His explanation helped us understand the complex scientific concept. 
aim
aim
[nom]

a specific, concrete objective that a person or group actively works toward, believing it to be realistically achievable

but, objectif

but, objectif

Ex: His ultimate aim remains securing a leadership role in his firm. 
description

a written or oral piece intended to give a mental image of something

description

description

Ex: He gave a clear description of the suspect to the police. 
comparison

the process of examining the similarities and differences between two or more things or people

comparaison

comparaison

Ex: A comparison between dolphins and whales shows that both are intelligent marine mammals. 
efficiency

the ability to act or function with minimum effort, time, and resources

efficience, efficacité

efficience, efficacité

Ex: The factory prioritized efficiency by minimizing unnecessary motions on the assembly line. 
transportation system

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

système de transport

système de transport

to classify

to arrange people or things into groups according to shared characteristics or qualities

classer

classer

Ex: Scientists classify animals into different groups. 
steward
steward
[nom]

a person responsible for taking care of buildings, land, or animals

Ex: Emma worked as a steward responsible for the historic buildings. 
astrodynamicist

an expert in the field of astrodynamics, which involves the study of the motion of objects in space under the influence of gravitational forces

astrodynamicien, spécialiste en astrodynamique

astrodynamicien, spécialiste en astrodynamique

Ex: Astrodynamicists are crucial in designing space missions and spacecraft trajectories. 

Les astrodynamicistes sont essentiels dans la conception des missions spatiales et des trajectoires des engins spatiaux.

to choreograph

to design and administer something attentively

chorégraphier

chorégraphier

Ex: She choreographed the project from start to finish, paying attention to every detail. 

Elle a chorégraphié le projet du début à la fin, en prêtant attention à chaque détail.

air traffic

aircraft moving through the air or operating on the movement areas of airports

trafic aérien, circulation aérienne

trafic aérien, circulation aérienne

Ex: Controllers monitored the air traffic around the airport. 
controller

a person who directs, regulates, or exercises control over someone or something

contrôleur, gestionnaire

contrôleur, gestionnaire

Ex: The controller of the operation approved the final changes. 
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