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剑桥雅思18 - 学术类 - 测试1 - 阅读 - 第3段 (2)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic

involving or relating to two or more governments or governmental agencies, especially those of different countries

政府间的

政府间的

Ex: Intergovernmental negotiations played a crucial role in the development of the international**政府间**谈判在国际发展中发挥了关键作用。
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to advise
[动词]

to provide someone with suggestion or guidance regarding a specific situation

建议, 劝告

建议, 劝告

Ex: The teacher advised the students to study the textbook thoroughly before the exam .老师**建议**学生在考试前彻底学习课本。
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atmosphere
[名词]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

大气, 气体层

大气, 气体层

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to burn up
[动词]

to be entirely destroyed by fire

烧尽, 完全烧毁

烧尽, 完全烧毁

Ex: The ancient manuscripts were burned up during a library fire .古代手稿在图书馆火灾中被**烧毁**。
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to break down or fragment into constituent components due to various forces or interactions

瓦解, 分解

瓦解, 分解

Ex: The intense magnetic field caused the metallic structure to disintegrate into charged particles .强烈的磁场导致金属结构**分解**成带电粒子。
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so far
[短语]

in a continuous manner up to the present moment

Ex: So far, the team is ahead in the competition.
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mission
[名词]

an operation carried out in space

任务

任务

Ex: NASA 's Voyager spacecraft embarked on a historic mission to explore the outer planets of our solar system .NASA的旅行者号航天器开始了一项历史性的**任务**,探索我们太阳系的外行星。
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to abide by
[动词]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

遵守, 遵从

遵守, 遵从

Ex: During the court trial , witnesses are required to abide by the judge 's directives .在法庭审判期间,证人必须**遵守**法官的指示。
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enterprise
[名词]

an enormous project that is part of a for-profit business

企业, 项目

企业, 项目

Ex: The enterprise to build the high-speed rail network required extensive investment and planning .建设高速铁路网络的**企业**需要大量的投资和规划。
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despite
[介词]

used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

尽管, 虽然

尽管, 虽然

Ex: She smiled despite the bad news.她**尽管**有坏消息还是微笑了。
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intention
[名词]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

意图, 目的

意图, 目的

Ex: The defendant claimed that he had no intention of breaking the law , but the evidence suggested otherwise .被告声称他没有违反法律的**意图**,但证据却表明了相反的情况。
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to run out of money or assets and be unable to pay one's debts or financial obligations

Ex: The family struggled to pay off their debts and eventually went bankrupt.
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in theory
[短语]

with regard to fundamentals although not concerning details

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vastness
[名词]

unusual largeness in size or extent or number

广阔, 浩瀚

广阔, 浩瀚

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to near
[动词]

to approach or move in the direction of someone or something

接近, 靠近

接近, 靠近

Ex: The airplane started to near the airport, descending for a smooth landing.飞机开始**接近**机场,下降以平稳着陆。
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to tackle
[动词]

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

处理, 应对

处理, 应对

Ex: Governments worldwide are tackling climate change through various initiatives .世界各国政府正在通过各种举措**应对**气候变化。
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precision
[名词]

the quality of being very careful and accurate, especially in performing tasks or making measurements

精确, 准确

精确, 准确

Ex: Surgery requires a high level of precision to avoid complications .手术需要高度的**精确性**以避免并发症。
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to alleviate
[动词]

to reduce from the difficulty or intensity of a problem, issue, etc.

缓解, 减轻

缓解, 减轻

Ex: Increased funding will alleviate the strain on public services in the coming years .增加的资金将在未来几年**减轻**公共服务的压力。
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maneuver
[名词]

a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill

操作, 协调动作

操作, 协调动作

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precisely
[副词]

in a careful and accurate manner, with great attention to detail

精确地, 仔细地

精确地, 仔细地

Ex: She explained the steps precisely to avoid confusion .她**准确地**解释了步骤以避免混淆。
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specialist
[名词]

a person with a lot of knowledge and skills in a particular field

专家

专家

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aerospace
[名词]

the branch of technology and industry concerned with both aviation and space flight

航空航天, 航空航天工业

航空航天, 航空航天工业

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corporation
[名词]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

公司, 企业

公司, 企业

Ex: The new environmental regulations will affect how the corporation conducts its business .新的环境法规将影响**公司**开展业务的方式。
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field
[名词]

an area of activity or a subject of study

领域, 学科

领域, 学科

Ex: Her work in the field of environmental science has earned her numerous awards .她在环境科学**领域**的工作为她赢得了无数奖项。
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to line up
[动词]

to align or position something precisely in relation to another thing

对齐, 排列

对齐, 排列

Ex: The carpenter lined up the wood panels to create a seamless joint .木匠**排列**木板以创建无缝接缝。
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routine
[名词]

a set of actions or behaviors that someone does regularly or habitually

例行公事, 习惯

例行公事, 习惯

Ex: The child 's bedtime routine always starts with a story .孩子的睡前**习惯**总是从一个故事开始。
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to achieve
[动词]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

实现, 达成

实现, 达成

Ex: The student 's perseverance and late-night study sessions helped him achieve high scores on the challenging exams .学生的毅力和深夜的学习帮助他在具有挑战性的考试中**取得**了高分。
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to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

优先考虑, 给予优先权

优先考虑, 给予优先权

Ex: She prioritizes her health over everything else .她将健康**优先**于其他一切。
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nota bene
[名词]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

注意, 特别注意

注意, 特别注意

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conflicting
[形容词]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

矛盾的, 对立的

矛盾的, 对立的

Ex: The research findings from different studies were conflicting, requiring further investigation to reconcile the discrepancies .不同研究的研究结果**相互矛盾**,需要进一步调查以调和差异。
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to undo
[动词]

to make null or cancel the effects of something

撤销, 取消

撤销, 取消

Ex: After receiving negative feedback , the company worked hard to undo the damage to its reputation .在收到负面反馈后,公司努力**撤销**对其声誉的损害。
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down
[副词]

to a more focused or reduced form

减少, 缩减

减少, 缩减

Ex: The team worked to pare the budget down to its essentials.团队努力将预算削减**至基本需求**。
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database
[名词]

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

数据库, 数据银行

数据库, 数据银行

Ex: The research project used a database to store and analyze large sets of experimental data , facilitating data-driven conclusions .该研究项目使用了一个**数据库**来存储和分析大量的实验数据,促进了数据驱动的结论。
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to track
[动词]

observe or plot the moving path of something

追踪, 跟踪

追踪, 跟踪

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consistently
[副词]

in a way that is always the same

一贯地,始终如一地

一贯地,始终如一地

Ex: The weather in this region is consistently sunny during the summer .这个地区的夏天天气**一贯**晴朗。
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authoritative
[形容词]

of recognized authority or excellence

权威的, 可靠的

权威的, 可靠的

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catalog
[名词]

a list of items in a particular category, especially one systematically arranged

目录, 清单

目录, 清单

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to explain or show the meaning of something using examples, pictures, etc.

说明, 举例说明

说明, 举例说明

Ex: He used a chart to illustrate the growth of the company over the years .他用图表**说明**了公司多年来的增长。
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to draw on
[动词]

to use information, knowledge, or past experience to aid in performing a task or achieving a goal

利用, 借鉴

利用, 借鉴

Ex: During the exam , students were encouraged to draw on their knowledge of the subject matter .考试期间,鼓励学生**利用**他们对主题的知识。
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source
[名词]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

来源, 参考

来源, 参考

Ex: Wikipedia is not always a reliable source for academic work .维基百科并不总是学术工作的可靠**来源**。
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to maintain
[动词]

to keep a record of something by regularly documenting updates or details in writing

保持, 维护

保持, 维护

Ex: The teacher maintained attendance records for each of her classes .老师**维护**了她每个班级的考勤记录。
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to visualize
[动词]

to form a mental image or picture of something

想象, 可视化

想象, 可视化

Ex: Artists often visualize their creations before putting brush to canvas .艺术家在将画笔放到画布上之前,经常会**想象**他们的创作。
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identifier
[名词]

a symbol that establishes the identity of the one bearing it

标识符, 身份标记

标识符, 身份标记

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cross
[形容词]

arranged in opposite or inverse relationships

交叉的, 相反的

交叉的, 相反的

Ex: The cross marriage between the two families created a complex web of relationships.两个家族之间的**交叉**婚姻创造了一个复杂的关系网。
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to correlate
[动词]

to cause or show a mutual relation between two things

关联, 显示相互关系

关联, 显示相互关系

Ex: The curriculum redesign aimed to correlate classroom learning with real-world applications .课程重新设计的目的是将课堂学习与现实世界的应用**关联**起来。
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a person who is concerned with the environment and tries to protect it

环保主义者, 生态学家

环保主义者, 生态学家

Ex: The environmentalist worked with local communities to promote sustainable farming practices .**环保主义者**与当地社区合作,推广可持续的农业实践。
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to operate
[动词]

to function in a specific way

运作, 操作

运作, 操作

Ex: While the repairs were ongoing , the backup generator was operating to provide electricity .在维修进行期间,备用发电机正在**运行**以提供电力。
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generation
[名词]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

一代, 一代

一代, 一代

Ex: Cultural changes often occur as one generation passes on traditions and values to the next .文化变化通常发生在一**代**将传统和价值观传递给下一代时。
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community
[名词]

a group of people having a religion, ethnic, profession, or other particular characteristic in common

社区, 群体

社区, 群体

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to devolve
[动词]

grow worse

恶化, 退化

恶化, 退化

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to argue
[动词]

to provide evidence or support for a particular conclusion or viewpoint

论证, 支持

论证, 支持

Ex: The financial records argue his mismanagement of company funds .财务记录**证明**了他对公司资金的管理不善。
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spaceflight
[名词]

a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere

太空飞行, 太空旅行

太空飞行, 太空旅行

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to pollute
[动词]

to damage the environment by releasing harmful chemicals or substances to the air, water, or land

污染, 弄脏

污染, 弄脏

Ex: The smoke from the fire pollutes the atmosphere , reducing air quality .火灾的烟雾**污染**大气,降低空气质量。
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reference
[名词]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

参考, 引用

参考, 引用

Ex: He used a reference from the dictionary to explain the term .他使用了字典中的一个**参考**来解释这个术语。
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to occur at a specific time or location

Ex: The historic event took place centuries ago.
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to minimize
[动词]

to reduce something to the lowest possible degree or amount, particularly something unpleasant

最小化, 尽量减少

最小化, 尽量减少

Ex: While implementing safety measures , they were minimizing risks in the workplace .在实施安全措施的同时,他们正在将工作场所的风险**最小化**。
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explanation
[名词]

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

解释, 说明

解释, 说明

Ex: The guide 's detailed explanation enhanced their appreciation of the museum exhibit .导游的详细**解释**增强了他们对博物馆展品的欣赏。
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aim
[名词]

a specific, concrete objective that a person or group actively works toward, believing it to be realistically achievable

目标, 目的

目标, 目的

Ex: Her aim is to pass the entrance exam on her first attempt .她的**目标**是在第一次尝试时就通过入学考试。
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description
[名词]

a written or oral piece intended to give a mental image of something

描述

描述

Ex: The guide provided a thorough description of the museum 's history .导游提供了博物馆历史的详尽**描述**。
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comparison
[名词]

the process of examining the similarities and differences between two or more things or people

比较

比较

Ex: The comparison of Italian and Spanish reveals that they share many similar words and grammatical structures .意大利语和西班牙语的**比较**揭示了它们有许多相似的单词和语法结构。
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efficiency
[名词]

the ability to act or function with minimum effort, time, and resources

效率,  效能

效率, 效能

Ex: The factory prioritized efficiency by minimizing unnecessary motions on the assembly line .工厂通过最小化装配线上的不必要动作来优先考虑**效率**。
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a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

交通系统

交通系统

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to classify
[动词]

to categorize or group something based on shared characteristics or qualities

分类, 归类

分类, 归类

Ex: Scientists classified the plant as a fern due to its unique leaf structure .科学家们因其独特的叶片结构将这种植物**分类**为蕨类植物。
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steward
[名词]

a person who is responsible for the care, management, or protection of something

管理员, 管家

管理员, 管家

Ex: He is a steward of the local wildlife , working to maintain the balance in the ecosystem .他是当地野生动物的**管理员**,致力于维持生态系统的平衡。
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an expert in the field of astrodynamics, which involves the study of the motion of objects in space under the influence of gravitational forces

航天动力学家, 航天动力学专家

航天动力学家, 航天动力学专家

Ex: The company hired an astrodynamicist to analyze the space probe 's path .公司聘请了一位**航天动力学家**来分析太空探测器的路径。
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to design and administer something attentively

编舞, 精心设计和安排

编舞, 精心设计和安排

Ex: He choreographed the conference , coordinating speakers , sessions , and timing .他**精心策划**了会议,协调了演讲者、会议和时间安排。
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air traffic
[名词]

traffic created by the movement of aircraft

空中交通

空中交通

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controller
[名词]

a person who directs and restrains

控制器, 调节者

控制器, 调节者

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剑桥雅思18 - 学术类
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