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Cambridge IELTS 18 - الأكاديمي - اختبار 1 - القراءة - المقطع 3 (2)

تعلم المفردات من الجزء الثاني من Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 1 Reading Passage 3، مع كلمات وتعبيرات مفيدة من النص.

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اختبار قصير

ابدأ التعلم
Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
intergovernmental

involving or relating to two or more governments or governmental agencies, especially those of different countries

بين الحكومات

بين الحكومات

Ex: Intergovernmental negotiations played a crucial role in the development of the international 

لعبت المفاوضات بين الحكومات دورًا حاسمًا في تطوير الدولي.

to advise
to advise
[فعل]

to provide someone with suggestion or guidance regarding a specific situation

ينصح, يوصي

ينصح, يوصي

Ex: He advised me to read more books to improve my vocabulary and comprehension skills. 
atmosphere
atmosphere
[اسم]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

الغلاف الجوي, طبقة الغازات

الغلاف الجوي, طبقة الغازات

Ex: The spacecraft burned up upon entering Jupiter's dense atmosphere. 
to burn up
to burn up
[فعل]

to be entirely destroyed by fire

يحترق بالكامل, تدمره النار بالكامل

يحترق بالكامل, تدمره النار بالكامل

Ex: The dry leaves piled up near the campsite started to burn up when a spark landed on them. 

بدأت الأوراق الجافة المتراكمة بالقرب من موقع التخييم تحترق بالكامل عندما سقطت عليها شرارة.

to disintegrate

to break down or fragment into constituent components due to various forces or interactions

يتفكك, ينهار

يتفكك, ينهار

Ex: Over time, the unstable nucleus of the radioactive atom disintegrated, emitting radiation. 

بمرور الوقت، تفتت النواة غير المستقرة للذرة المشعة، مما أدى إلى انبعاث الإشعاع.

so far
so far
[عبارة]

in a continuous manner up to the present moment

Ex: So far, the team is ahead in the competition. 
mission
mission
[اسم]

an operation carried out in space

مهمة

مهمة

Ex: SpaceX's Crew Dragon completed its first manned mission to the International Space Station. 
to abide by
to abide by
[فعل]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

الالتزام بـ, الانصياع لـ

الالتزام بـ, الانصياع لـ

Ex: During the court trial, witnesses are required to abide by the judge's directives. 

خلال المحاكمة، يُطلب من الشهود الالتزام بتوجيهات القاضي.

enterprise
enterprise
[اسم]

an enormous project that is part of a for-profit business

مشروع, مؤسسة

مشروع, مؤسسة

Ex: Their new enterprise in the pharmaceutical industry aims to develop breakthrough treatments. 
despite
despite
[حرف جر]

used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

على الرغم من, رغم

على الرغم من, رغم

Ex: They enjoyed the trip despite the cold weather. 
intention
intention
[اسم]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

نية, قصد

نية, قصد

Ex: Despite her intention to save money, she found herself spending more than planned on unnecessary items. 
to [go] bankrupt
to go bankrupt
[عبارة]

to run out of money or assets and be unable to pay one's debts or financial obligations

Ex: The family struggled to pay off their debts and eventually went bankrupt. 
in theory
in theory
[عبارة]

with regard to fundamentals although not concerning details

vastness
vastness
[اسم]

unusual largeness in size or extent or number

اتساع, ضخامة

اتساع, ضخامة

to near
to near
[فعل]

to approach or move in the direction of someone or something

اقترب, توجه نحو

اقترب, توجه نحو

Ex: With each step, the explorer could feel the excitement build as they began to near the ancient ruins. 
to tackle
to tackle
[فعل]

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

يتعامل مع, يواجه

يتعامل مع, يواجه

Ex: Volunteers in the community are actively tackling social problems for positive change. 
precision
precision
[اسم]

the quality of being very careful and accurate, especially in performing tasks or making measurements

الدقة, الضبط

الدقة, الضبط

Ex: The scientist measured the chemicals with incredible precision. 
to alleviate
to alleviate
[فعل]

to reduce from the difficulty or intensity of a problem, issue, etc.

تخفيف, تسكين

تخفيف, تسكين

Ex: Charitable efforts have alleviated the suffering caused by the natural disaster. 

خففت الجهود الخيرية المعاناة الناجمة عن الكارثة الطبيعية.

maneuver
maneuver
[اسم]

a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill

مناورة, حركة متعمدة منسقة

مناورة, حركة متعمدة منسقة

precisely
precisely
[ظرف]

in a careful and accurate manner, with great attention to detail

بدقة, بعناية

بدقة, بعناية

Ex: She explained the steps precisely to avoid confusion. 

شرحت الخطوات بدقة لتجنب الارتباك.

specialist
specialist
[اسم]

a person with extensive knowledge or skill in a specific field or area of expertise

مُتَخَصِّص, خَبِير

مُتَخَصِّص, خَبِير

Ex: Engineers often become specialists in narrow technical fields. 
aerospace
aerospace
[اسم]

the sector of technology and industry focused on aircraft, spacecraft, and their associated systems

الفضاء الجوي, الفضاء

الفضاء الجوي, الفضاء

Ex: Advances in aerospace have improved global transportation and space exploration. 

التقدم في الفضاء الجوي حسّن النقل العالمي واستكشاف الفضاء.

corporation
corporation
[اسم]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

شركة, مؤسسة

شركة, مؤسسة

Ex: Shareholders met to discuss the future direction of the corporation. 
field
field
[اسم]

an area of activity or a subject of study

مجال, حقل

مجال, حقل

Ex: The conference brought together professionals from various fields of research. 
to line up
to line up
[فعل]

to align or position something precisely in relation to another thing

اصطف, رتب

اصطف, رتب

Ex: The carpenter lined up the wood panels to create a seamless joint. 

قام النجار بمحاذاة ألواح الخشب لإنشاء وصلة سلسة.

routine
routine
[اسم]

a set of actions or behaviors that someone does regularly or habitually

روتين, عادة

روتين, عادة

Ex: The teacher started the class with her usual routine. 
to achieve
to achieve
[فعل]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

يحقق, ينجز

يحقق, ينجز

Ex: The community worked together to achieve their goal of building a new playground for the children, overcoming financial and logistical obstacles. 
to prioritize

to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

إعطاء الأولوية, إعطاء الأسبقية

إعطاء الأولوية, إعطاء الأسبقية

Ex: She prioritizes her health over everything else. 

إنها تولي الأولوية لصحتها فوق كل شيء آخر.

nota bene
nota bene
[اسم]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

نوتا بيني, لاحظ جيدا

نوتا بيني, لاحظ جيدا

conflicting
conflicting
[صفة]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

متناقض, متباين

متناقض, متباين

Ex: The research findings from different studies were conflicting, requiring further investigation to reconcile the discrepancies. 

كانت نتائج البحث من دراسات مختلفة متعارضة، مما يتطلب مزيدًا من التحقيق لتسوية التناقضات.

to undo
to undo
[فعل]

to make null or cancel the effects of something

تراجع, إلغاء

تراجع, إلغاء

Ex: After receiving negative feedback, the company worked hard to undo the damage to its reputation. 

بعد تلقي تعليقات سلبية، عملت الشركة بجد لإلغاء الضرر الذي لحق بسمعتها.

down
down
[ظرف]

to a more focused or reduced form

يقلل, يخفض

يقلل, يخفض

Ex: The recipe was simplified down to just five ingredients. 
database
database
[اسم]

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

قاعدة البيانات, بنك البيانات

قاعدة البيانات, بنك البيانات

Ex: The library's catalog is a database that helps patrons find books and other resources by searching for titles, authors, or subjects. 
to track
to track
[فعل]

to monitor or record the movement or progress of something over time

يتتبع, يسجل

يتتبع, يسجل

Ex: The researchers tracked the patient's progress over several months. 
consistently
consistently
[ظرف]

in a way that is always the same

باستمرار، بشكل منتظم

باستمرار، بشكل منتظم

Ex: The weather in this region is consistently sunny during the summer. 

الطقس في هذه المنطقة باستمرار مشمس خلال الصيف.

authoritative

of recognized authority or excellence

سلطوي, موثوق

سلطوي, موثوق

catalog
catalog
[اسم]

a list of items in a particular category, especially one systematically arranged

فهرس, قائمة

فهرس, قائمة

Ex: She searched the library catalog for books on architecture. 
to illustrate

to explain or show the meaning of something using examples, pictures, etc.

يوضح, يشرح بالأمثلة

يوضح, يشرح بالأمثلة

Ex: The author illustrated the idea of teamwork through various stories in the book. 
to draw on
to draw on
[فعل]

to use information, knowledge, or past experience to aid in performing a task or achieving a goal

الاستعانة بـ, الاستفادة من

الاستعانة بـ, الاستفادة من

Ex: During the exam, students were encouraged to draw on their knowledge of the subject matter. 

خلال الامتحان، تم تشجيع الطلاب على الاستفادة من معرفتهم بالموضوع.

source
source
[اسم]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

مصدر, مرجع

مصدر, مرجع

Ex: He found a rare source in the library archives that supported his theory. 
to maintain
to maintain
[فعل]

to keep a record of something by regularly documenting updates or details in writing

يحتفظ, يحافظ

يحتفظ, يحافظ

Ex: The teacher maintained attendance records for each of her classes. 

المعلمة حافظت على سجلات الحضور لكل من صفوفها.

to visualize
to visualize
[فعل]

to form a mental image or picture of something

تصور, تخيل

تصور, تخيل

Ex: Artists often visualize their creations before putting brush to canvas. 

غالبًا ما يتصور الفنانون إبداعاتهم قبل وضع الفرشاة على القماش.

identifier
identifier
[اسم]

a symbol that establishes the identity of the one bearing it

معرف, علامة هوية

معرف, علامة هوية

cross
cross
[صفة]

arranged in opposite or inverse relationships

متقاطع, معاكس

متقاطع, معاكس

Ex: The study found several cross connections among the different groups. 
to correlate
to correlate
[فعل]

to cause or show a mutual relation between two things

يربط, يظهر علاقة متبادلة

يربط, يظهر علاقة متبادلة

Ex: In urban planning, it is essential to correlate transportation infrastructure with residential and commercial development. 

في التخطيط الحضري، من الضروري ربط البنية التحتية للنقل مع التطور السكني والتجاري.

environmentalist

a person who is concerned with the environment and tries to protect it

بيئي, ناشط بيئي

بيئي, ناشط بيئي

Ex: The environmentalist worked with local communities to promote sustainable farming practices. 

عمل البيئي مع المجتمعات المحلية لتعزيز ممارسات الزراعة المستدامة.

to operate
to operate
[فعل]

to function in a specific way

يعمل, يشتغل

يعمل, يشتغل

Ex: The newly installed software has operated without any glitches. 
generation
generation
[اسم]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

جيل, جيل

جيل, جيل

Ex: The study compared the spending habits of different generations, from Baby Boomers to Generation Z. 
community
community
[اسم]

a group of people having a religion, ethnic, profession, or other particular characteristic in common

مجتمع, جماعة

مجتمع, جماعة

Ex: Members of the scientific community debated the findings. 
to devolve
to devolve
[فعل]

grow worse

تدهور, يسوء

تدهور, يسوء

to argue
to argue
[فعل]

to provide evidence or support for a particular conclusion or viewpoint

يجادل, يؤيد

يجادل, يؤيد

Ex: The fingerprints found on the weapon argue his direct involvement in the altercation. 
spaceflight
spaceflight
[اسم]

a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere

رحلة فضائية, سفر فضائي

رحلة فضائية, سفر فضائي

to pollute
to pollute
[فعل]

to damage the environment by releasing harmful chemicals or substances to the air, water, or land

يُلوث, يُفسد

يُلوث, يُفسد

Ex: Cars emit exhaust fumes that pollute the atmosphere with greenhouse gases. 

تطلق السيارات عوادم تلوث الغلاف الجوي بغازات الدفيئة.

reference
reference
[اسم]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

مرجع, اقتباس

مرجع, اقتباس

Ex: The movie included a reference to a famous scene from an older film. 
to [take] place
to take place
[عبارة]

to occur at a specific time or location

Ex: The historic event took place centuries ago. 
to minimize
to minimize
[فعل]

to reduce something to the lowest possible degree or amount, particularly something unpleasant

يقلل, يخفض إلى الحد الأدنى

يقلل, يخفض إلى الحد الأدنى

Ex: While implementing safety measures, they were minimizing risks in the workplace. 
explanation
explanation
[اسم]

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

شرح, توضيح

شرح, توضيح

Ex: They requested an explanation for the delay in the project. 
aim
aim
[اسم]

a specific, concrete objective that a person or group actively works toward, believing it to be realistically achievable

هدف, غاية

هدف, غاية

Ex: After months of preparation, her aim of completing the course with top marks felt within reach. 
description
description
[اسم]

a written or oral piece intended to give a mental image of something

وصف

وصف

Ex: Her description of the event was both detailed and engaging. 
comparison
comparison
[اسم]

the process of examining the similarities and differences between two or more things or people

مقارنة

مقارنة

Ex: A literary comparison of Shakespeare and Marlowe highlights their use of poetic language and dramatic themes. 
efficiency
efficiency
[اسم]

the ability to act or function with minimum effort, time, and resources

كفاءة,  فعالية

كفاءة, فعالية

Ex: Better organization can increase efficiency and reduce costs. 
transportation system

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

نظام النقل

نظام النقل

to classify
to classify
[فعل]

to arrange people or things into groups according to shared characteristics or qualities

Ex: Daniel found it difficult to classify the unusual plant. 
steward
steward
[اسم]

a person responsible for taking care of buildings, land, or animals

Ex: Daniel spoke to the steward about repairs to the old barn. 
astrodynamicist

an expert in the field of astrodynamics, which involves the study of the motion of objects in space under the influence of gravitational forces

خبير ديناميكا الفضاء, متخصص في ديناميكا الفضاء

خبير ديناميكا الفضاء, متخصص في ديناميكا الفضاء

Ex: Astrodynamicists are crucial in designing space missions and spacecraft trajectories. 

خبراء ديناميكا الفضاء مهمون في تصميم البعثات الفضائية ومسارات المركبات الفضائية.

to choreograph

to design and administer something attentively

يصمم الرقصات, ينظم بدقة

يصمم الرقصات, ينظم بدقة

Ex: He choreographed the conference, coordinating speakers, sessions, and timing. 

قام بتصميم المؤتمر، بتنسيق المتحدثين والجلسات والتوقيت.

air traffic
air traffic
[اسم]

aircraft moving through the air or operating on the movement areas of airports

الحركة الجوية, حركة المرور الجوي

الحركة الجوية, حركة المرور الجوي

Ex: Air traffic was temporarily halted after the radar failure. 
controller
controller
[اسم]

a person who directs, regulates, or exercises control over someone or something

متحكم, مراقب

متحكم, مراقب

Ex: The organization appointed a controller to supervise its regional activities. 
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