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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic - Test 1 - Läsning - Passage 3 (2)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
intergovernmental

involving or relating to two or more governments or governmental agencies, especially those of different countries

mellanstatlig

mellanstatlig

Ex: The intergovernmental organization was established to facilitate dialogue and resolve conflicts between nations. 

Den interstatliga organisationen inrättades för att underlätta dialog och lösa konflikter mellan nationer.

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to advise
to advise
[Verb]

to provide someone with suggestion or guidance regarding a specific situation

råda, rekommendera

råda, rekommendera

Ex: The doctor advised the patient to maintain a healthy diet. 
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atmosphere
atmosphere
[Substantiv]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

atmosfär, gasskikt

atmosfär, gasskikt

Ex: Earth's atmosphere contains several different gases. 
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to burn up

to be entirely destroyed by fire

brinna upp, brinna ner

brinna upp, brinna ner

Ex: The ancient manuscripts were burned up during a library fire. 

De gamla manuskripten brändes upp under en biblioteksbrand.

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to disintegrate

to break down or fragment into constituent components due to various forces or interactions

sönderfalla, fragmenteras

sönderfalla, fragmenteras

Ex: The intense magnetic field caused the metallic structure to disintegrate into charged particles. 

Det intensiva magnetfältet orsakade att den metalliska strukturen sönderföll i laddade partiklar.

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so far
so far
[Fras]

in a continuous manner up to the present moment

Ex: The weather has been perfect so far this summer. 
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mission
mission
[Substantiv]

an operation carried out in space

uppdrag

uppdrag

Ex: The spacecraft began its mission to study the planet. 
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to abide by

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

följa, efterleva

följa, efterleva

Ex: The soldiers swore an oath to abide by their commander's orders. 

Soldaterna svor att efterleva sin befälhavares order.

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enterprise
enterprise
[Substantiv]

an enormous project that is part of a for-profit business

företag, projekt

företag, projekt

Ex: The company launched a new enterprise to develop renewable energy technology. 
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despite
despite
[Preposition]

used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

trots, trots att

trots, trots att

Ex: She went for a walk despite the rain. 
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intention
intention
[Substantiv]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

avsikt, syfte

avsikt, syfte

Ex: I had no intention of staying out so late. 
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to [go] bankrupt

to run out of money or assets and be unable to pay one's debts or financial obligations

Ex: Economic downturns can lead to many businesses going bankrupt. 
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in theory
in theory
[Fras]

with regard to fundamentals although not concerning details

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vastness
vastness
[Substantiv]

unusual largeness in size or extent or number

vidsträckthet, oändlighet

vidsträckthet, oändlighet

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to near
to near
[Verb]

to approach or move in the direction of someone or something

närma sig, approchera

närma sig, approchera

Ex: The hikers neared the summit before sunset. 
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to tackle
to tackle
[Verb]

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

ta itu med, hantera

ta itu med, hantera

Ex: The government introduced new measures to tackle air pollution. 
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precision
precision
[Substantiv]

the quality of being very careful and accurate, especially in performing tasks or making measurements

precision, noggrannhet

precision, noggrannhet

Ex: The scientist measured the chemicals with incredible precision. 
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to alleviate

to reduce from the difficulty or intensity of a problem, issue, etc.

lindra, mildra

lindra, mildra

Ex: Increased funding will alleviate the strain on public services in the coming years. 

Ökat finansiering kommer att lindra trycket på offentliga tjänster under de kommande åren.

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maneuver
maneuver
[Substantiv]

a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill

manöver, avsiktlig koordinerad rörelse

manöver, avsiktlig koordinerad rörelse

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precisely
precisely
[adverb]

in a careful and accurate manner, with great attention to detail

precist, noggrant

precist, noggrant

Ex: The architect drew the plans precisely to scale. 

Arkitekten ritade planerna precist i skala.

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specialist
specialist
[Substantiv]

a person with extensive knowledge or skill in a specific field or area of expertise

specialist, expert

specialist, expert

Ex: Engineers often become specialists in narrow technical fields. 
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aerospace
aerospace
[Substantiv]

the sector of technology and industry focused on aircraft, spacecraft, and their associated systems

flyg- och rymdteknik, rymdteknik

flyg- och rymdteknik, rymdteknik

Ex: Jobs in aerospace require expertise in propulsion and avionics. 

Jobb inom flyg- och rymdindustrin kräver expertis inom framdrivning och avionik.

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corporation
corporation
[Substantiv]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

företag, korporation

företag, korporation

Ex: The corporation employs more than ten thousand people worldwide. 
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field
field
[Substantiv]

an area of activity or a subject of study

fält, område

fält, område

Ex: He hopes to work in the field of education. 
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to line up

to align or position something precisely in relation to another thing

justera, placera

justera, placera

Ex: For proper installation, the cabinet doors must be lined up with the frame. 

För korrekt installation måste skåpdörrarna vara inriktade med ramen.

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routine
routine
[Substantiv]

a set of actions or behaviors that someone does regularly or habitually

rutin, vana

rutin, vana

Ex: The teacher started the class with her usual routine. 
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to achieve

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

uppnå, åstadkomma

uppnå, åstadkomma

Ex: He worked hard to achieve his goal of starting his own business. 
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to prioritize

to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

prioritera, ge företräde

prioritera, ge företräde

Ex: We are prioritizing customer satisfaction in our business strategy. 

Vi prioriterar kundnöjdhet i vår affärsstrategi.

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nota bene
nota bene
[Substantiv]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, observera väl

nota bene, observera väl

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conflicting
conflicting
[adjektiv]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

motsägelsefull, avvikande

motsägelsefull, avvikande

Ex: The company's values and actions were conflicting, undermining trust among employees and customers. 

Företagets värderingar och handlingar var motstridiga, vilket undergrävde förtroendet bland anställda och kunder.

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to undo
to undo
[Verb]

to make null or cancel the effects of something

ångra, annullera

ångra, annullera

Ex: The emergency brake can be used to quickly undo the acceleration and bring the vehicle to a stop. 

Nödbromsen kan användas för att snabbt ångra accelerationen och stanna fordonet.

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down
down
[adverb]

to a more focused or reduced form

minska, reducera

minska, reducera

Ex: We narrowed the list down to three candidates. 
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database
database
[Substantiv]

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

databas, databank

databas, databank

Ex: The company keeps customer information in a secure database. 
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to track
to track
[Verb]

to monitor or record the movement or progress of something over time

spåra, registrera

spåra, registrera

Ex: We use software to track our expenses. 
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consistently
consistently
[adverb]

in a way that is always the same

konsekvent,  systematiskt

konsekvent, systematiskt

Ex: She consistently attends the weekly meetings without fail. 

Hon deltar konsekvent i de veckovisa mötena utan att missa.

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authoritative
authoritative
[adjektiv]

of recognized authority or excellence

auktoritär, pålitlig

auktoritär, pålitlig

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catalog
catalog
[Substantiv]

a list of items in a particular category, especially one systematically arranged

katalog, lista

katalog, lista

Ex: The collection is described in a detailed catalog. 
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to illustrate

to explain or show the meaning of something using examples, pictures, etc.

illustrera, förklara med exempel

illustrera, förklara med exempel

Ex: She used a chart to illustrate the differences between the two systems. 
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to draw on

to use information, knowledge, or past experience to aid in performing a task or achieving a goal

ta tillvara på, dra nytta av

ta tillvara på, dra nytta av

Ex: The writer drew on historical events to craft a compelling narrative in the novel. 

Författaren tog hjälp av historiska händelser för att skapa en övertygande berättelse i romanen.

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source
source
[Substantiv]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

källa, referens

källa, referens

Ex: Students must list all their sources at the end of the paper. 
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to maintain

to keep a record of something by regularly documenting updates or details in writing

föra, upprätthålla

föra, upprätthålla

Ex: The nurse maintained patient records to monitor health trends over time. 

Sjuksköterskan upprätthöll patientjournaler för att övervaka hälsotrender över tid.

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to visualize

to form a mental image or picture of something

visualisera, föreställa sig

visualisera, föreställa sig

Ex: When setting goals, it's helpful to visualize the desired outcomes to increase motivation. 

När man sätter mål är det hjälpsamt att visualisera de önskade resultaten för att öka motivationen.

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identifier
identifier
[Substantiv]

a symbol that establishes the identity of the one bearing it

identifierare, identitetsmarkör

identifierare, identitetsmarkör

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cross
cross
[adjektiv]

arranged in opposite or inverse relationships

korsad, motsatt

korsad, motsatt

Ex: The researchers examined cross relationships between the two variables. 
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to correlate

to cause or show a mutual relation between two things

korrelera, visa en ömsesidig relation

korrelera, visa en ömsesidig relation

Ex: The curriculum redesign aimed to correlate classroom learning with real-world applications. 

Omdesignen av läroplanen syftade till att korrelera klassrumsundervisning med verkliga tillämpningar.

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environmentalist
environmentalist
[Substantiv]

a person who is concerned with the environment and tries to protect it

miljöaktivist, ekolog

miljöaktivist, ekolog

Ex: He became an environmentalist after witnessing the devastating effects of climate change on his hometown. 

Han blev en miljöaktivist efter att ha bevittnat de förödande effekterna av klimatförändringarna i sin hemstad.

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to operate

to function in a specific way

fungera, operera

fungera, operera

Ex: The system operates automatically at night. 
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generation
generation
[Substantiv]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

generation, generation

generation, generation

Ex: The older generation often remembers life before smartphones. 
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community
community
[Substantiv]

a group of people having a religion, ethnic, profession, or other particular characteristic in common

samhälle, gemenskap

samhälle, gemenskap

Ex: The immigrant community opened several new businesses. 
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to devolve

grow worse

försämras, degenerera

försämras, degenerera

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to argue
to argue
[Verb]

to provide evidence or support for a particular conclusion or viewpoint

argumentera, hävda

argumentera, hävda

Ex: The evidence argues against that interpretation. 
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spaceflight
spaceflight
[Substantiv]

a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere

rymdflygning, rymdresa

rymdflygning, rymdresa

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to pollute

to damage the environment by releasing harmful chemicals or substances to the air, water, or land

förorena, polluera

förorena, polluera

Ex: The smoke from the fire pollutes the atmosphere, reducing air quality. 

Röken från elden förorenar atmosfären och försämrar luftkvaliteten.

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reference
reference
[Substantiv]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

referens, citat

referens, citat

Ex: His speech contained several references to recent events. 
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to [take] place

to occur at a specific time or location

Ex: The seminar will take place in the afternoon. 
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to minimize

to reduce something to the lowest possible degree or amount, particularly something unpleasant

minimera, reducera till ett minimum

minimera, reducera till ett minimum

Ex: The organization minimized costs by streamlining its operations. 

Organisationen minimerade kostnaderna genom att effektivisera sina verksamheter.

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explanation
explanation
[Substantiv]

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

förklaring, redogörelse

förklaring, redogörelse

Ex: The teacher offered a simple explanation of the process. 
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aim
aim
[Substantiv]

a specific, concrete objective that a person or group actively works toward, believing it to be realistically achievable

mål, syfte

mål, syfte

Ex: She achieved her aim of saving enough money for college. 
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description
description
[Substantiv]

a written or oral piece intended to give a mental image of something

beskrivning

beskrivning

Ex: She gave a detailed description of the missing bag. 
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comparison
comparison
[Substantiv]

the process of examining the similarities and differences between two or more things or people

jämförelse

jämförelse

Ex: The report includes a comparison of prices at several stores. 
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efficiency
efficiency
[Substantiv]

the ability to act or function with minimum effort, time, and resources

effektivitet,  verkningsgrad

effektivitet, verkningsgrad

Ex: She completed the task with impressive speed and efficiency. 
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transportation system

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

transportsystem

transportsystem

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to classify

to arrange people or things into groups according to shared characteristics or qualities

Ex: The products are classified according to their intended use. 
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steward
steward
[Substantiv]

a person responsible for taking care of buildings, land, or animals

Ex: A steward looked after the property while the owners were away. 
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astrodynamicist
astrodynamicist
[Substantiv]

an expert in the field of astrodynamics, which involves the study of the motion of objects in space under the influence of gravitational forces

astrodynamiker, expert på astrodynamik

astrodynamiker, expert på astrodynamik

Ex: The company hired an astrodynamicist to analyze the space probe's path. 

Företaget anställde en astrodynamiker för att analysera rymdsondens bana.

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to choreograph

to design and administer something attentively

koreografera, noggrant designa och administrera

koreografera, noggrant designa och administrera

Ex: The wedding planner choreographed the ceremony to ensure everything was perfect. 

Bröllopsplaneraren koreograferade ceremonin för att säkerställa att allt var perfekt.

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air traffic
air traffic
[Substantiv]

aircraft moving through the air or operating on the movement areas of airports

lufttrafik, flygtrafik

lufttrafik, flygtrafik

Ex: The new runway is expected to accommodate increased air traffic. 
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controller
controller
[Substantiv]

a person who directs, regulates, or exercises control over someone or something

kontrollant, chef

kontrollant, chef

Ex: A skilled controller can keep a complex operation running smoothly. 
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