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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademicki - Test 1 - Czytanie - Fragment 3 (2)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
intergovernmental
intergovernmental
[przymiotnik]

involving or relating to two or more governments or governmental agencies, especially those of different countries

międzyrządowy

międzyrządowy

Ex: The intergovernmental conference aimed to foster cooperation between the participating countries on environmental policies. 
to advise
to advise
[Czasownik]

to provide someone with suggestion or guidance regarding a specific situation

radzić, zalecać

radzić, zalecać

Ex: The doctor advised the patient to maintain a healthy diet and exercise for overall well-being. 
atmosphere
atmosphere
[Rzeczownik]

the layer of gases surrounding a planet, held in place by gravity

atmosfera, warstwa gazowa

atmosfera, warstwa gazowa

Ex: Earth's atmosphere protects us from harmful solar radiation. 
to burn up
to burn up
[Czasownik]

to be entirely destroyed by fire

spłonąć doszczętnie, całkowicie spłonąć

spłonąć doszczętnie, całkowicie spłonąć

Ex: The old barn burned up in minutes due to the intense heat of the fire. 
to disintegrate
to disintegrate
[Czasownik]

to break down or fragment into constituent components due to various forces or interactions

rozpadać się, rozkładać się

rozpadać się, rozkładać się

Ex: The asteroid disintegrated upon entering Earth's atmosphere, creating a meteor shower. 
so far
so far
[Fraza]

in a continuous manner up to the present moment

Ex: The project has been going well so far. 
mission
mission
[Rzeczownik]

an operation carried out in space

misja

misja

Ex: The Apollo 11 mission successfully landed astronauts on the Moon in 1969. 
to abide by
to abide by
[Czasownik]

to follow the rules, commands, or wishes of someone, showing compliance to their authority

przestrzegać, stosować się do

przestrzegać, stosować się do

Ex: The employees must abide by the supervisor's instructions at the construction site. 
enterprise
enterprise
[Rzeczownik]

an enormous project that is part of a for-profit business

przedsięwzięcie, projekt

przedsięwzięcie, projekt

Ex: The company launched a new enterprise to develop cutting-edge renewable energy technology. 
despite
despite
[Przyimek]

used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

pomimo, mimo

pomimo, mimo

Ex: The business thrived despite the economic downturn. 
intention
intention
[Rzeczownik]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

zamiar, cel

zamiar, cel

Ex: She made it clear that her intention was to finish the project ahead of the deadline. 
to [go] bankrupt

to run out of money or assets and be unable to pay one's debts or financial obligations

Ex: The company went bankrupt due to financial mismanagement. 
in theory
in theory
[Fraza]

with regard to fundamentals although not concerning details

vastness
vastness
[Rzeczownik]

unusual largeness in size or extent or number

ogrom, rozległość

ogrom, rozległość

to near
to near
[Czasownik]

to approach or move in the direction of someone or something

zbliżać się, podchodzić

zbliżać się, podchodzić

Ex: The hikers decided to near the summit. 
to tackle
to tackle
[Czasownik]

to try to deal with a difficult problem or situation in a determined manner

zmierzyć się, poradzić sobie

zmierzyć się, poradzić sobie

Ex: The team decided to tackle the project's complexity by breaking it into manageable tasks. 
precision
precision
[Rzeczownik]

the quality of being very careful and accurate, especially in performing tasks or making measurements

precyzja, dokładność

precyzja, dokładność

Ex: The engineer worked with great precision to ensure the machine was perfect. 
to alleviate
to alleviate
[Czasownik]

to reduce from the difficulty or intensity of a problem, issue, etc.

łagodzić, zmniejszać

łagodzić, zmniejszać

Ex: Ongoing support programs are currently alleviating the challenges faced by the community. 
maneuver
maneuver
[Rzeczownik]

a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill

manewr, skoordynowany ruch

manewr, skoordynowany ruch

precisely
precisely
[przysłówek]

in a careful and accurate manner, with great attention to detail

dokładnie, starannie

dokładnie, starannie

Ex: The doctor explained the procedure precisely before starting. 
specialist
specialist
[Rzeczownik]

a person with extensive knowledge or skill in a specific field or area of expertise

specjalista, ekspert

specjalista, ekspert

Ex: She is a specialist in renewable energy technologies. 
aerospace
aerospace
[Rzeczownik]

the sector of technology and industry focused on aircraft, spacecraft, and their associated systems

lotnictwo i kosmonautyka, kosmonautyka

lotnictwo i kosmonautyka, kosmonautyka

Ex: He works in the aerospace industry designing new jets. 
corporation
corporation
[Rzeczownik]

a company or group of people that are considered as a single unit by law

korporacja, przedsiębiorstwo

korporacja, przedsiębiorstwo

Ex: The corporation expanded its operations into international markets last year. 
field
field
[Rzeczownik]

an area of activity or a subject of study

dziedzina, pole

dziedzina, pole

Ex: She is an expert in the field of genetics. 
to line up
to line up
[Czasownik]

to align or position something precisely in relation to another thing

wyrównywać, ustawiać

wyrównywać, ustawiać

Ex: The electrician lined up the wires in the circuit box to prevent short circuits. 
routine
routine
[Rzeczownik]

a set of actions or behaviors that someone does regularly or habitually

rutyna, nawyk

rutyna, nawyk

Ex: She follows a morning routine every day. 
to achieve
to achieve
[Czasownik]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

osiągać, realizować

osiągać, realizować

Ex: After years of hard work and dedication, she finally achieved her dream of becoming a published author. 
to prioritize
to prioritize
[Czasownik]

to give a higher level of importance or urgency to a particular task, goal, or objective compared to others

priorytetyzować, nadawać priorytet

priorytetyzować, nadawać priorytet

Ex: She prioritized completing her assignments before socializing with friends. 
nota bene
nota bene
[Rzeczownik]

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

nota bene, zauważ dobrze

nota bene, zauważ dobrze

conflicting
conflicting
[przymiotnik]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

sprzeczny, rozbieżny

sprzeczny, rozbieżny

Ex: The two witnesses provided conflicting accounts of the accident, making it difficult for investigators to determine what truly happened. 
to undo
to undo
[Czasownik]

to make null or cancel the effects of something

cofnąć, anulować

cofnąć, anulować

Ex: Realizing the mistake, he quickly tried to undo the accidental deletion of the important file from his computer. 
down
down
[przysłówek]

to a more focused or reduced form

zmniejszyć, skrócić

zmniejszyć, skrócić

Ex: She edited the essay down to 500 words. 
database
database
[Rzeczownik]

a large structure of data stored in a computer that makes accessing necessary information easier

baza danych, bank danych

baza danych, bank danych

Ex: The company's customer database contained detailed records of all client interactions and transactions. 
to track
to track
[Czasownik]

to monitor or record the movement or progress of something over time

śledzić, rejestrować

śledzić, rejestrować

Ex: The app tracks your daily steps and calories burned. 
consistently
consistently
[przysłówek]

in a way that is always the same

konsekwentnie,  systematycznie

konsekwentnie, systematycznie

Ex: He consistently delivers high-quality work on every project. 
authoritative
authoritative
[przymiotnik]

of recognized authority or excellence

autorytatywny, wiarygodny

autorytatywny, wiarygodny

catalog
catalog
[Rzeczownik]

a list of items in a particular category, especially one systematically arranged

katalog, wykaz

katalog, wykaz

to illustrate
to illustrate
[Czasownik]

to explain or show the meaning of something using examples, pictures, etc.

ilustrować, wyjaśniać na przykładach

ilustrować, wyjaśniać na przykładach

Ex: The teacher illustrated the concept with a simple diagram on the board. 
to draw on
to draw on
[Czasownik]

to use information, knowledge, or past experience to aid in performing a task or achieving a goal

korzystać z, opierać się na

korzystać z, opierać się na

Ex: In solving the complex problem, she had to draw on her extensive background in mathematics. 
source
source
[Rzeczownik]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

źródło, odniesienie

źródło, odniesienie

Ex: The historian cited an ancient manuscript as her primary source. 
to maintain
to maintain
[Czasownik]

to keep a record of something by regularly documenting updates or details in writing

prowadzić, utrzymywać

prowadzić, utrzymywać

Ex: She maintained a daily journal to track her fitness progress. 
to visualize
to visualize
[Czasownik]

to form a mental image or picture of something

wizualizować, wyobrażać sobie

wizualizować, wyobrażać sobie

Ex: Before the competition, athletes often visualize their success. 
identifier
identifier
[Rzeczownik]

a symbol that establishes the identity of the one bearing it

identyfikator, znak rozpoznawczy

identyfikator, znak rozpoznawczy

cross
cross
[przymiotnik]

arranged in opposite or inverse relationships

krzyżowy, przeciwny

krzyżowy, przeciwny

Ex: The two opposing teams were in a cross competition for the championship title. 
to correlate
to correlate
[Czasownik]

to cause or show a mutual relation between two things

korelować, wskazywać wzajemną relację

korelować, wskazywać wzajemną relację

Ex: The government is trying to correlate environmental conservation with economic development. 
environmentalist
environmentalist
[Rzeczownik]

a person who is concerned with the environment and tries to protect it

ekolog, obrońca środowiska

ekolog, obrońca środowiska

Ex: The environmentalist organized a campaign to raise awareness about plastic pollution in the oceans. 
to operate
to operate
[Czasownik]

to function in a specific way

działać, operować

działać, operować

Ex: The machine operates smoothly when all components are in good condition. 
generation
generation
[Rzeczownik]

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

pokolenie, pokolenie

pokolenie, pokolenie

Ex: The older generation often reminisces about life before smartphones became ubiquitous. 
community
community
[Rzeczownik]

a group of people having a religion, ethnic, profession, or other particular characteristic in common

społeczność, wspólnota

społeczność, wspólnota

to devolve
to devolve
[Czasownik]

grow worse

pogarszać się, degenerować się

pogarszać się, degenerować się

to argue
to argue
[Czasownik]

to provide evidence or support for a particular conclusion or viewpoint

argumentować, twierdzić

argumentować, twierdzić

Ex: The circumstances argue his involvement in the conspiracy. 
spaceflight
spaceflight
[Rzeczownik]

a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere

lot kosmiczny, podróż kosmiczna

lot kosmiczny, podróż kosmiczna

to pollute
to pollute
[Czasownik]

to damage the environment by releasing harmful chemicals or substances to the air, water, or land

zanieczyszczać, zatruwać

zanieczyszczać, zatruwać

Ex: Factories often pollute the air with emissions from burning fossil fuels. 
reference
reference
[Rzeczownik]

a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea

odniesienie, cytat

odniesienie, cytat

Ex: The article included several references to previous studies on the topic. 
to [take] place

to occur at a specific time or location

Ex: The wedding will take place in a beautiful garden by the lake. 
to minimize
to minimize
[Czasownik]

to reduce something to the lowest possible degree or amount, particularly something unpleasant

minimalizować, zmniejszać do minimum

minimalizować, zmniejszać do minimum

Ex: She tries to minimize stress by practicing mindfulness techniques. 
explanation
explanation
[Rzeczownik]

information or details that are given to make something clear or easier to understand

wyjaśnienie, objaśnienie

wyjaśnienie, objaśnienie

Ex: She gave a clear explanation of the new policy during the meeting. 
aim
aim
[Rzeczownik]

a specific, concrete objective that a person or group actively works toward, believing it to be realistically achievable

cel, zamierzenie

cel, zamierzenie

Ex: His aim is to finish the marathon in under four hours. 
description
description
[Rzeczownik]

a written or oral piece intended to give a mental image of something

opis

opis

Ex: The book contains a vivid description of the main character. 
comparison
comparison
[Rzeczownik]

the process of examining the similarities and differences between two or more things or people

porównanie

porównanie

Ex: The comparison between the two books showed many similarities. 
efficiency
efficiency
[Rzeczownik]

the ability to act or function with minimum effort, time, and resources

wydajność,  efektywność

wydajność, efektywność

Ex: Home renovations took less time with the contractor's efficiency in planning and order of tasks. 
transportation system

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

system transportowy

system transportowy

to classify
to classify
[Czasownik]

to categorize or group something based on shared characteristics or qualities

klasyfikować, kategoryzować

klasyfikować, kategoryzować

Ex: The expert classified the plant as an endangered species. 
steward
steward
[Rzeczownik]

a person who is responsible for the care, management, or protection of something

zarządca, steward

zarządca, steward

Ex: As a steward of the environment, she ensures the protection of natural resources. 
astrodynamicist
astrodynamicist
[Rzeczownik]

an expert in the field of astrodynamics, which involves the study of the motion of objects in space under the influence of gravitational forces

astrodynamik, specjalista w dziedzinie astrodynamiki

astrodynamik, specjalista w dziedzinie astrodynamiki

Ex: The astrodynamicist developed a new model for predicting satellite orbits. 
to choreograph
to choreograph
[Czasownik]

to design and administer something attentively

choreografować, starannie projektować i zarządzać

choreografować, starannie projektować i zarządzać

Ex: She choreographed the entire event, making sure every moment went smoothly. 
air traffic
air traffic
[Rzeczownik]

traffic created by the movement of aircraft

ruch lotniczy

ruch lotniczy

controller
controller
[Rzeczownik]

someone who exercises authority, guidance, or restraint over others or over a process

kontroler, nadzorca

kontroler, nadzorca

Ex: The security controller monitored every camera feed. 
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