to burst
[動詞]
to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

破裂する (はれつする), 弾ける (はじける)
to detonate
[動詞]
to explode suddenly and violently due to a strong chemical or physical reaction

爆発する (ばくはつする), deton (でとん)
to blow up
[動詞]
to explode forcefully and releasing energy through a chemical or physical reaction

爆発する, 破裂する
Ex: In the laboratory , a sudden reaction occurred , forcing the chemicals blow up.
to erupt
[動詞]
(of a volcano) to explode and send smoke, lava, rocks, etc. into the sky

噴火する, 噴出する
Ex: Scientists predicted that the volcano erupt soon due to increased seismic activity .
to char
[動詞]
to lightly burn something, causing a change in color on its surface

焼き焦がす (やきこがす), 炭化させる (たんかさせる)
to ignite
[動詞]
to cause something to catch fire

点火する, 燃やす
Ex: Chemical reactions ignite flammable materials , leading to fires .

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