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人文科学 SAT - 一時的かつ相対的な役割

ここでは、SATを突破するために必要な「受刑者」「メンター」「駐在員」など、一時的かつ相対的な役割に関連する英語の単語をいくつか学びます。

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
peer
[名詞]

a person of the same age, social status, or capability as another specified individual

同輩, 同等

同輩, 同等

Ex: Despite being new to the company , she quickly established herself as a peer to her colleagues through hard work and expertise .
respondent
[名詞]

a person who answers or reacts

回答者, 調査参加者

回答者, 調査参加者

Ex: The online discussion allowed each participant to be a respondent, expressing their thoughts on the topic .オンライン討論では、各参加者が**回答者**となり、トピックについての考えを表明することができました。
recipient
[名詞]

someone who receives something or to whom something is awarded

受取人, 受益者

受取人, 受益者

ridership
[名詞]

the number of people who use a particular form of public transportation over a given period

乗客数, 利用者数

乗客数, 利用者数

Ex: High ridership during peak hours often leads to overcrowded trains and buses .ラッシュアワーの高い**乗客数**は、しばしば電車やバスの過密状態につながります。
passer-by
[名詞]

someone who happens to be walking past a particular person, place, or event

通行人, 歩行者

通行人, 歩行者

Ex: He asked a passer-by for directions to the nearest train station .彼は最寄りの駅への道を尋ねるために**通行人**に尋ねた。
clientele
[名詞]

all the customers collectively

顧客層

顧客層

inmate
[名詞]

a person who resides in a shared living space, such as a household, institution, or facility

居住者, 入居者

居住者, 入居者

Ex: The old mansion was known for its numerous rooms and diverse group of inmates living together .その古い邸宅は、多くの部屋と一緒に暮らす多様な**居住者**のグループで知られていました。
bystander
[名詞]

a person who is present at an event or incident but does not take part in it

傍観者, 目撃者

傍観者, 目撃者

Ex: The incident went viral after a bystander captured it on their phone .その事件は、**傍観者**がスマートフォンで撮影した後、バズりました。
spectator
[名詞]

a person who watches sport competitions closely

観客, 見物人

観客, 見物人

Ex: The referee had to remind the spectators to remain seated during the game to ensure everyone had a clear view of the action .審判は、すべての人がプレーを明確に見ることができるように、試合中に**観客**に座ったままでいるよう注意しなければなりませんでした。
commuter
[名詞]

a person who regularly travels to city for work

通勤者, 通勤客

通勤者, 通勤客

Ex: The train station was crowded with commuters heading to the city .駅は都市に向かう**通勤者**で混雑していた。
mentor
[名詞]

a reliable and experienced person who helps those with less experience

メンター, 指導者

メンター, 指導者

Ex: The mentor encouraged her mentee to set ambitious goals and provided the necessary resources and encouragement to help them achieve success .**メンター**は、メンティーに野心的な目標を設定するよう励まし、成功を達成するための必要なリソースと励ましを提供しました。
renegade
[名詞]

someone who rejects conventional behavior or allegiance

裏切り者, 反逆者

裏切り者, 反逆者

Ex: The renegade deserted his unit and joined forces with the enemy , earning the disdain of his former comrades .**反逆者**は彼の部隊を脱走し、敵軍に加わり、元仲間の軽蔑を買った。
outsider
[名詞]

a person who is not a member of a particular group, society, etc.

部外者, アウトサイダー

部外者, アウトサイダー

Ex: Despite years working there , he was still treated as an outsider by the old guard .
guardian
[名詞]

a person or thing that is responsible for the care, safety, and maintenance of someone or something

守護者, 保護者

守護者, 保護者

Ex: In mythology , the dragon was the fierce guardian of the hidden treasure .神話では、ドラゴンは隠された宝物の獰猛な**守護者**でした。
pedestrian
[名詞]

a person who is on foot and not in or on a vehicle

歩行者, 通行人

歩行者, 通行人

Ex: The pedestrian crossed the street at the designated crosswalk .**歩行者**は指定された横断歩道で道路を横断しました。
enrollee
[名詞]

a person who is registered or signed up for a course, program, or institution

登録者, 登録済みの学生

登録者, 登録済みの学生

Ex: Enrollees in the workshop must complete a pre-assessment before the first session .ワークショップの**登録者**は、最初のセッション前に事前評価を完了する必要があります。
donor
[名詞]

someone or something that gives money, clothes, etc. to a charity for free

寄贈者, ドナー

寄贈者, ドナー

Ex: The museum ’s new exhibit was made possible by a substantial donation from a private donor.博物館の新しい展示は、民間の**寄付者**からの多大な寄付によって可能になりました。

an elite student with the highest grade throughout school that gets chosen to give a speech at their graduation ceremony

卒業生総代, 最優秀学生

卒業生総代, 最優秀学生

Ex: As valedictorian, John represented his peers with grace and eloquence, inspiring them to pursue their dreams with determination.**卒業生総代**として、ジョンは同級生を優雅に雄弁に代表し、彼らに決意を持って夢を追うように鼓舞しました。
steward
[名詞]

a person who manages and oversees the property, finances, or affairs of another person or organization

管理人, 執事

管理人, 執事

Ex: During his tenure as steward, he implemented several improvements to increase the property's value.**執事**としての在任期間中、彼は財産の価値を高めるためにいくつかの改善を実施しました。
companion
[名詞]

a person or animal with which one travels or spends a lot of time

仲間, 伴侶

仲間, 伴侶

Ex: He enjoys going on long hikes in the mountains with his canine companion, exploring new trails together .彼は犬の**仲間**と山で長いハイキングを楽しみ、一緒に新しいトレイルを探索します。
beneficiary
[名詞]

a person who receives money or benefits

受益者, 受取人

受益者, 受取人

Ex: As a beneficiary of the scholarship , he could attend college without worries .奨学金の**受益者**として、彼は心配なく大学に通うことができた。
expat
[名詞]

a person who resides outside their native country, often for work or personal reasons

駐在員, エクスパット

駐在員, エクスパット

Ex: The expat missed his hometown but appreciated the opportunities he found overseas .**駐在員**は故郷を懐かしんだが、海外で見つけた機会に感謝した。
veteran
[名詞]

a former member of the armed forces who has fought in a war

退役軍人, ベテラン

退役軍人, ベテラン

Ex: She visited the VA hospital regularly to volunteer her time and support veterans in need .彼女は定期的にVA病院を訪れ、ボランティアとして時間を割き、困っている**退役軍人**を支援しました。
caregiver
[名詞]

someone who looks after a child or an old, sick, or disabled person at home

介護者, 世話人

介護者, 世話人

Ex: The support group offers resources and advice for caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer 's disease .サポートグループは、アルツハイマー病の患者の**介護者**向けにリソースとアドバイスを提供します。

a person who acts on behalf of a group of people, especially in a legislative or official role

代表者,  議員

代表者, 議員

Ex: She was appointed as the student representative to communicate student issues to the school board .
applicant
[名詞]

someone who formally applies for something, particularly a job

応募者,  志願者

応募者, 志願者

colleague
[名詞]

someone with whom one works

同僚, 仕事仲間

同僚, 仕事仲間

Ex: I often seek advice from my colleague, who has years of experience in the industry and is always willing to help .私はよく**同僚**に助言を求めます。彼は何年もの業界経験があり、いつも喜んで助けてくれます。
apprentice
[名詞]

someone who works for a skilled person for a specific period of time to learn their skills, usually earning a low income

見習い, 徒弟

見習い, 徒弟

Ex: The bakery hired an apprentice to learn bread-making techniques .パン屋はパン作りの技術を学ぶために**見習い**を雇いました。
newlywed
[名詞]

someone who has recently gotten married

新婚夫婦, 新たに結婚した人

新婚夫婦, 新たに結婚した人

Ex: Everyone admired the newlyweds during the reception .誰もが披露宴で**新婚カップル**を称賛しました。
人文科学 SAT
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