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자연 과학 SAT - 화학 물질과 성질

여기에서는 SAT를 통과하기 위해 필요한 "염분", "완충액" 등과 같은 화학 물질 및 특성과 관련된 몇 가지 영어 단어를 배우게 됩니다.

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학습 시작
SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
catalyst
catalyst
[명사]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

촉매, 활성제

촉매, 활성제

Ex: Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that allow complex metabolic reactions to proceed efficiently in living cells. 
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buffer
buffer
[명사]

a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, which maintains a stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

완충제, 완충 용액

완충제, 완충 용액

Ex: The buffer solution in the lab kept the pH steady even after the addition of a strong acid. 
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reactant
reactant
[명사]

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

반응물

반응물

Ex: In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) are the reactants that, in the presence of sunlight, produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂). 
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reagent
reagent
[명사]

a substance or compound used in a chemical reaction to detect, examine, or produce other substances

시약

시약

Ex: The chemist carefully measured the reagent before adding it to the reaction flask. 
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noble gas
noble gas
[명사]

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

비활성 기체, 희귀 기체

비활성 기체, 희귀 기체

Ex: Helium, a noble gas, is known for its low density and is often used in balloons to make them float. 
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inert gas
inert gas
[명사]

a group of non-reactive gases that typically exhibit low chemical reactivity due to their stable electron configurations

불활성 기체, 비활성 기체

불활성 기체, 비활성 기체

Ex: Inert gases like helium and argon are commonly used in welding to shield the molten metal from reacting with oxygen in the air. 
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halogen
halogen
[명사]

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

할로겐, 할로겐 원소

할로겐, 할로겐 원소

Ex: Chlorine is a halogen commonly used in water treatment for its disinfectant properties. 
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polythene
polythene
[명사]

a durable plastic material used for packaging, bags, and various applications

폴리에틸렌, 플라스틱

폴리에틸렌, 플라스틱

Ex: Supermarket shopping bags are often made of polythene material. 
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polystyrene
polystyrene
[명사]

a lightweight and versatile synthetic polymer used in packaging, insulation, and disposable products

폴리스티렌, 폴리스티렌 폼

폴리스티렌, 폴리스티렌 폼

Ex: The food industry favors polystyrene containers for their excellent insulation and cost-effectiveness. 
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phosphorous
phosphorous
[형용사]

referring to the essential chemical element phosphorus, which is vital in biological processes and various industrial applications

인을 포함하는, 인산의

인을 포함하는, 인산의

Ex: Plants require phosphorous for healthy growth and development. 
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acetone
acetone
[명사]

a colorless, volatile liquid solvent commonly used for removing nail polish and other substances from surfaces

아세톤, 프로파논

아세톤, 프로파논

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alginate
alginate
[명사]

a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, commonly used in various industries for its thickening, gelling, and stabilizing properties

알지네이트, 갈조류에서 추출된 천연 다당류

알지네이트, 갈조류에서 추출된 천연 다당류

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silicate
silicate
[명사]

a compound containing silicon and oxygen atoms, often forming minerals or glasses, with diverse applications in industry and nature

규산염, 규소 화합물

규산염, 규소 화합물

Ex: Quartz is a common silicate mineral found in many types of rocks. 
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graphene
graphene
[명사]

a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, known for its exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and flexibility

그래핀, 2차원 벌집 격자로 배열된 단일 층의 탄소 원자

그래핀, 2차원 벌집 격자로 배열된 단일 층의 탄소 원자

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malic acid
malic acid
[명사]

a naturally occurring organic compound found in many fruits that contributes to their sour taste

말산

말산

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citric acid
citric acid
[명사]

a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and limes, commonly used as a food additive for flavoring and preserving

시트르산, 레몬산

시트르산, 레몬산

Ex: Lemon juice contains citric acid, giving it its characteristic tart flavor. 
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phosphate
phosphate
[명사]

a chemical compound that contains phosphorus and oxygen atoms, commonly found in salts or esters of phosphoric acid, important for biological processes and industrial applications

인산염, 인과 산소 원자를 포함하는 화합물로

인산염, 인과 산소 원자를 포함하는 화합물로

Ex: Plants absorb phosphates from the soil to promote healthy root development and flower formation. 
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charm quark
charm quark
[명사]

a type of elementary particle that is one of the six types, or flavors, of quarks that has an electric charge of +2/3 and participates in strong and electromagnetic interactions

참 쿼크, 매력 쿼크

참 쿼크, 매력 쿼크

Ex: Physicists at the Large Hadron Collider study collisions to observe the behavior of charm quarks in high-energy experiments. 
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disinfectant
disinfectant
[명사]

something that has specific chemicals or causes a chemical reaction that destroys harmful microorganisms such as bacteria

소독제, 살균제

소독제, 살균제

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bicarbonate
bicarbonate
[명사]

a chemical compound important for regulating pH balance, found in baking soda and crucial for bodily functions

탄산수소염, 중탄산염

탄산수소염, 중탄산염

Ex: Baking soda contains bicarbonate, which helps baked goods rise when mixed with acidic ingredients. 
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solute
solute
[명사]

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

용질, 용해된 물질

용질, 용해된 물질

Ex: In saltwater, salt (NaCl) is the solute that dissolves in water, the solvent. 
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saturated
saturated
[형용사]

having absorbed as much of a substance as possible at a given temperature, reaching its maximum concentration

포화된, 흠뻑 젖은

포화된, 흠뻑 젖은

Ex: The saturated sugar solution had reached its limit and could not dissolve any more sugar crystals. 
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ethereal
ethereal
[형용사]

(of a solution) containing volatile or highly flammable substances, such as diethyl ether

에테르성의, 휘발성의

에테르성의, 휘발성의

Ex: The reaction mixture was distilled under vacuum to remove the ethereal solvent. 
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inorganic
inorganic
[형용사]

describing chemical compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from minerals or non-living matter

무기물의

무기물의

Ex: Sodium chloride (table salt) is an inorganic compound widely used in cooking and food preservation. 
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solvent
solvent
[명사]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

용매, 용제

용매, 용제

Ex: Ethanol is commonly used as a solvent to dissolve oils and perfume essences for the production of aftershaves and colognes. 
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alkaline
alkaline
[형용사]

refering to substances that have a pH greater than 7, indicating a basic or non-acidic nature

알칼리성의

알칼리성의

Ex: Soap is often alkaline, making it effective for cleaning grease and oils. 
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saline
saline
[형용사]

containing or relating to salt

소금의, 소금기가 있는

소금의, 소금기가 있는

Ex: The doctor administered a saline solution to rehydrate the patient. 
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