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Natuurwetenschappen SAT - Chemische Stoffen en Eigenschappen

Hier leer je enkele Engelse woorden die verband houden met chemische stoffen en eigenschappen, zoals "zout", "buffer" enz., die je nodig hebt om je SAT's te halen.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
catalyst
catalyst
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalysator, activator

katalysator, activator

Ex: Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that allow complex metabolic reactions to proceed efficiently in living cells.Ā 
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buffer
buffer
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, which maintains a stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

buffer, bufferoplossing

buffer, bufferoplossing

Ex: The buffer solution in the lab kept the pH steady even after the addition of a strong acid.Ā 
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reactant
reactant
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

reactant

reactant

Ex: In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide (COā‚‚) and water (Hā‚‚O) are the reactants that, in the presence of sunlight, produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (Oā‚‚).Ā 
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reagent
reagent
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a substance or compound used in a chemical reaction to detect, examine, or produce other substances

reagens

reagens

Ex: The chemist carefully measured the reagent before adding it to the reaction flask.Ā 
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noble gas
noble gas
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

edelgas, inert gas

edelgas, inert gas

Ex: Helium, a noble gas, is known for its low density and is often used in balloons to make them float.Ā 
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inert gas
inert gas
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a group of non-reactive gases that typically exhibit low chemical reactivity due to their stable electron configurations

inert gas, edelgas

inert gas, edelgas

Ex: Inert gases like helium and argon are commonly used in welding to shield the molten metal from reacting with oxygen in the air.Ā 
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halogen
halogen
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

halogeen, halogeen element

halogeen, halogeen element

Ex: Chlorine is a halogen commonly used in water treatment for its disinfectant properties.Ā 
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polythene
polythene
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a durable plastic material used for packaging, bags, and various applications

polyetheen, plastic

polyetheen, plastic

Ex: Supermarket shopping bags are often made of polythene material.Ā 
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polystyrene
polystyrene
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a lightweight and versatile synthetic polymer used in packaging, insulation, and disposable products

polystyreen, piepschuim

polystyreen, piepschuim

Ex: The food industry favors polystyrene containers for their excellent insulation and cost-effectiveness.Ā 
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phosphorous
phosphorous
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

referring to the essential chemical element phosphorus, which is vital in biological processes and various industrial applications

fosforhoudend, fosforisch

fosforhoudend, fosforisch

Ex: Plants require phosphorous for healthy growth and development.Ā 
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acetone
acetone
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a colorless, volatile liquid solvent commonly used for removing nail polish and other substances from surfaces

aceton, propanon

aceton, propanon

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alginate
alginate
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, commonly used in various industries for its thickening, gelling, and stabilizing properties

alginaat, natuurlijk polysaccharide afkomstig van bruin zeewier

alginaat, natuurlijk polysaccharide afkomstig van bruin zeewier

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silicate
silicate
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a compound containing silicon and oxygen atoms, often forming minerals or glasses, with diverse applications in industry and nature

silicaat, siliconverbinding

silicaat, siliconverbinding

Ex: Quartz is a common silicate mineral found in many types of rocks.Ā 
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graphene
graphene
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, known for its exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and flexibility

grafeen, een enkele laag koolstofatomen gerangschikt in een tweedimensionaal honingraatrooster

grafeen, een enkele laag koolstofatomen gerangschikt in een tweedimensionaal honingraatrooster

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malic acid
malic acid
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a naturally occurring organic compound found in many fruits that contributes to their sour taste

appelzuur

appelzuur

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citric acid
citric acid
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and limes, commonly used as a food additive for flavoring and preserving

citroenzuur, limoenzuur

citroenzuur, limoenzuur

Ex: Lemon juice contains citric acid, giving it its characteristic tart flavor.Ā 
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phosphate
phosphate
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a chemical compound that contains phosphorus and oxygen atoms, commonly found in salts or esters of phosphoric acid, important for biological processes and industrial applications

fosfaat, een chemische verbinding die fosfor- en zuurstofatomen bevat

fosfaat, een chemische verbinding die fosfor- en zuurstofatomen bevat

Ex: Plants absorb phosphates from the soil to promote healthy root development and flower formation.Ā 
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charm quark
charm quark
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a type of elementary particle that is one of the six types, or flavors, of quarks that has an electric charge of +2/3 and participates in strong and electromagnetic interactions

charmquark, charme-quark

charmquark, charme-quark

Ex: Physicists at the Large Hadron Collider study collisions to observe the behavior of charm quarks in high-energy experiments.Ā 
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disinfectant
disinfectant
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

something that has specific chemicals or causes a chemical reaction that destroys harmful microorganisms such as bacteria

ontsmettingsmiddel, antisepticum

ontsmettingsmiddel, antisepticum

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bicarbonate
bicarbonate
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a chemical compound important for regulating pH balance, found in baking soda and crucial for bodily functions

bicarbonaat, waterstofcarbonaat

bicarbonaat, waterstofcarbonaat

Ex: Baking soda contains bicarbonate, which helps baked goods rise when mixed with acidic ingredients.Ā 
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solute
solute
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

opgeloste stof, solut

opgeloste stof, solut

Ex: In saltwater, salt (NaCl) is the solute that dissolves in water, the solvent.Ā 
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saturated
saturated
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

having absorbed as much of a substance as possible at a given temperature, reaching its maximum concentration

verzadigd, doordrenkt

verzadigd, doordrenkt

Ex: The saturated sugar solution had reached its limit and could not dissolve any more sugar crystals.Ā 
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ethereal
ethereal
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

(of a solution) containing volatile or highly flammable substances, such as diethyl ether

etherisch, vluchtig

etherisch, vluchtig

Ex: The reaction mixture was distilled under vacuum to remove the ethereal solvent.Ā 
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inorganic
inorganic
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

describing chemical compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from minerals or non-living matter

anorganisch

anorganisch

Ex: Sodium chloride (table salt) is an inorganic compound widely used in cooking and food preservation.Ā 
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solvent
solvent
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

oplosmiddel, solvent

oplosmiddel, solvent

Ex: Ethanol is commonly used as a solvent to dissolve oils and perfume essences for the production of aftershaves and colognes.Ā 
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alkaline
alkaline
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

refering to substances that have a pH greater than 7, indicating a basic or non-acidic nature

alkalisch

alkalisch

Ex: Soap is often alkaline, making it effective for cleaning grease and oils.Ā 
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saline
saline
[bijvoeglijk naamwoord]

containing or relating to salt

zout, zoutachtig

zout, zoutachtig

Ex: The doctor administered a saline solution to rehydrate the patient.Ā 
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