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SAT Natural Sciences - Chemical Substances and Properties

Here you will learn some English words related to chemical substances and properties, such as "saline", "buffer", etc. that you will need to ace your SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
catalyst

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

[noun]
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buffer

a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, which maintains a stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

[noun]
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reactant

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

[noun]
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reagent

a substance or compound used in a chemical reaction to detect, examine, or produce other substances

[noun]
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noble gas

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

[noun]
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inert gas

a group of non-reactive gases that typically exhibit low chemical reactivity due to their stable electron configurations

[noun]
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halogen

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

[noun]
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polythene

a durable plastic material used for packaging, bags, and various applications

[noun]
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polystyrene

a lightweight and versatile synthetic polymer used in packaging, insulation, and disposable products

[noun]
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phosphorous

referring to the essential chemical element phosphorus, which is vital in biological processes and various industrial applications

[Adjective]
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acetone

a colorless, volatile liquid solvent commonly used for removing nail polish and other substances from surfaces

[noun]
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alginate

a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, commonly used in various industries for its thickening, gelling, and stabilizing properties

[noun]
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silicate

a compound containing silicon and oxygen atoms, often forming minerals or glasses, with diverse applications in industry and nature

[noun]
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graphene

a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, known for its exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and flexibility

[noun]
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malic acid

a naturally occurring organic compound found in many fruits that contributes to their sour taste

[noun]
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citric acid

a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and limes, commonly used as a food additive for flavoring and preserving

[noun]
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phosphate

a chemical compound that contains phosphorus and oxygen atoms, commonly found in salts or esters of phosphoric acid, important for biological processes and industrial applications

[noun]
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charm quark

a type of elementary particle that is one of the six types, or flavors, of quarks that has an electric charge of +2/3 and participates in strong and electromagnetic interactions

[noun]
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disinfectant

something that has specific chemicals or causes a chemical reaction that destroys harmful microorganisms such as bacteria

[noun]
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bicarbonate

a chemical compound important for regulating pH balance, found in baking soda and crucial for bodily functions

[noun]
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solute

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

[noun]
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saturated

having absorbed as much of a substance as possible at a given temperature, reaching its maximum concentration

[Adjective]
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ethereal

(of a solution) containing volatile or highly flammable substances, such as diethyl ether

[Adjective]
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inorganic

describing chemical compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from minerals or non-living matter

[Adjective]
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solvent

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

[noun]
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alkaline

refering to substances that have a pH greater than 7, indicating a basic or non-acidic nature

[Adjective]
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saline

containing or relating to salt

[Adjective]
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