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Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SAT - Zat Kimia dan Sifat-sifatnya

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang terkait dengan zat dan sifat kimia, seperti "saline", "buffer", dll. yang Anda butuhkan untuk lulus SAT Anda.

Tinjauan

Kartu flash

Ejaan

Kuis

SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences

[Kata benda]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalis, aktivator

katalis, aktivator

Ex: In the Haber process , iron is used as a catalyst to promote the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases .Dalam proses Haber, besi digunakan sebagai **katalis** untuk mempromosikan sintesis amonia dari gas nitrogen dan hidrogen.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, which maintains a stable pH when small amounts of acid or base are added

penyangga, larutan penyangga

penyangga, larutan penyangga

Ex: Buffers play a significant role in biochemical research by providing a controlled environment for reactions .**Buffer** memainkan peran penting dalam penelitian biokimia dengan menyediakan lingkungan yang terkendali untuk reaksi.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

reaktan

reaktan

Ex: When iron reacts with sulfur , the reactants are iron and sulfur .Ketika besi bereaksi dengan belerang, **reaktan** adalah besi dan belerang.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a substance or compound used in a chemical reaction to detect, examine, or produce other substances

reagen

reagen

Ex: Reagents vary widely in their properties and are selected based on their compatibility with the reaction conditions and desired outcome .**Reagen** sangat bervariasi dalam sifatnya dan dipilih berdasarkan kompatibilitasnya dengan kondisi reaksi dan hasil yang diinginkan.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

gas mulia, gas inert

gas mulia, gas inert

Ex: The noble gas configuration is characterized by a full outer electron shell , contributing to the stability and lack of reactivity .Konfigurasi **gas mulia** dicirikan oleh kulit elektron terluar yang penuh, berkontribusi pada stabilitas dan kurangnya reaktivitas.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a group of non-reactive gases that typically exhibit low chemical reactivity due to their stable electron configurations

gas inert, gas mulia

gas inert, gas mulia

Ex: Deep-sea divers breathe a mixture of oxygen and inert gases like helium to prevent nitrogen narcosis at great depths .Penyelam laut dalam menghirup campuran oksigen dan **gas inert** seperti helium untuk mencegah narkosis nitrogen di kedalaman yang besar.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

halogen, unsur halogen

halogen, unsur halogen

Ex: The halogens share common properties such as high electronegativity and the ability to gain an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration .**Halogen** memiliki sifat umum seperti elektronegativitas tinggi dan kemampuan untuk mendapatkan elektron untuk mencapai konfigurasi elektron yang stabil.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a durable plastic material used for packaging, bags, and various applications

polietilen, plastik

polietilen, plastik

Ex: She packed sandwiches in polythene bags for the picnic .Dia membungkus sandwich dalam kantong **polietilen** untuk piknik.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a lightweight and versatile synthetic polymer used in packaging, insulation, and disposable products

polistirena, busa polistirena

polistirena, busa polistirena

Ex: Manufacturers recycle polystyrene to produce new products like picture frames and garden furniture .Produsen mendaur ulang **polystyrene** untuk memproduksi produk baru seperti bingkai foto dan furnitur taman.

Tutup

[Adjektiva]

referring to the essential chemical element phosphorus, which is vital in biological processes and various industrial applications

fosfor, fosforik

fosfor, fosforik

Ex: Phosphorous deficiency in soil can lead to stunted crop growth .Kekurangan **fosfor** di tanah dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a colorless, volatile liquid solvent commonly used for removing nail polish and other substances from surfaces

aseton, propanon

aseton, propanon

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, commonly used in various industries for its thickening, gelling, and stabilizing properties

alginat, polisakarida alami yang berasal dari rumput laut cokelat

alginat, polisakarida alami yang berasal dari rumput laut cokelat

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a compound containing silicon and oxygen atoms, often forming minerals or glasses, with diverse applications in industry and nature

silikat, senyawa silikon

silikat, senyawa silikon

Ex: Silicate ceramics are used in various high-temperature applications due to their heat-resistant properties.Keramik **silikat** digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi suhu tinggi karena sifatnya yang tahan panas.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice, known for its exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and flexibility

grafen, lapisan tunggal atom karbon yang tersusun dalam kisi sarang lebah dua dimensi

grafen, lapisan tunggal atom karbon yang tersusun dalam kisi sarang lebah dua dimensi

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a naturally occurring organic compound found in many fruits that contributes to their sour taste

asam malat

asam malat

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and limes, commonly used as a food additive for flavoring and preserving

asam sitrat, asam lemon

asam sitrat, asam lemon

Ex: Some cosmetics and pharmaceuticals use citric acid for its antioxidant and pH-balancing effects .Beberapa kosmetik dan farmasi menggunakan **asam sitrat** untuk efek antioksidan dan penyeimbang pH-nya.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a chemical compound that contains phosphorus and oxygen atoms, commonly found in salts or esters of phosphoric acid, important for biological processes and industrial applications

fosfat, senyawa kimia yang mengandung atom fosfor dan oksigen

fosfat, senyawa kimia yang mengandung atom fosfor dan oksigen

Ex: Sodium phosphate is used as a food additive and a laxative in medicine.Natrium **fosfat** digunakan sebagai aditif makanan dan pencahar dalam pengobatan.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a type of elementary particle that is one of the six types, or flavors, of quarks that has an electric charge of +2/3 and participates in strong and electromagnetic interactions

quark pesona, quark daya tarik

quark pesona, quark daya tarik

Ex: Quarks like the charm quark play a crucial role in the formation of hadrons , such as the J / psi particle , which consists of a charm quark and an anti-charm quark bound together .Kuark seperti **kuark pesona** memainkan peran penting dalam pembentukan hadron, seperti partikel J/psi, yang terdiri dari kuark pesona dan antikuark pesona yang terikat bersama.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

something that has specific chemicals or causes a chemical reaction that destroys harmful microorganisms such as bacteria

disinfektan, antiseptik

disinfektan, antiseptik

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a chemical compound important for regulating pH balance, found in baking soda and crucial for bodily functions

bikarbonat, hidrogenkarbonat

bikarbonat, hidrogenkarbonat

Ex: Agricultural practices may involve applying bicarbonate to soil to adjust pH for optimal crop growth .Praktik pertanian mungkin melibatkan penerapan **bikarbonat** ke tanah untuk menyesuaikan pH untuk pertumbuhan tanaman yang optimal.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

zat terlarut, larutan

zat terlarut, larutan

Ex: Dissolving a pain reliever ( e.g. , aspirin ) in water results in the drug acting as the solute in the liquid solvent .Melarutkan pereda nyeri (misalnya, aspirin) dalam air mengakibatkan obat tersebut bertindak sebagai **zat terlarut** dalam pelarut cair.

Tutup

[Adjektiva]

having absorbed as much of a substance as possible at a given temperature, reaching its maximum concentration

jenuh, terendam

jenuh, terendam

Ex: The paper towel became saturated with spilled coffee, unable to absorb any more liquid.Tisu kertas menjadi **jenuh** dengan kopi yang tumpah, tidak bisa menyerap cairan lagi.

Tutup

[Adjektiva]

(of a solution) containing volatile or highly flammable substances, such as diethyl ether

eter, mudah menguap

eter, mudah menguap

Ex: The ethereal nature of diethyl ether makes it a useful solvent for extracting natural products from plant materials .Sifat **eter** dari dietil eter menjadikannya pelarut yang berguna untuk mengekstrak produk alami dari bahan tanaman.

Tutup

[Adjektiva]

describing chemical compounds that do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from minerals or non-living matter

anorganik

anorganik

Ex: Inorganic chemistry focuses on the study of compounds and elements that do not involve carbon-hydrogen bonds.Kimia **anorganik** berfokus pada studi senyawa dan elemen yang tidak melibatkan ikatan karbon-hidrogen.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

pelarut, solven

pelarut, solven

Ex: Water is the universal solvent, capable of dissolving more substances like salt and sugar than any other liquid.Air adalah **pelarut** universal, mampu melarutkan lebih banyak zat seperti garam dan gula daripada cairan lainnya.

Tutup

[Adjektiva]

refering to substances that have a pH greater than 7, indicating a basic or non-acidic nature

alkali

alkali

Ex: Alkaline batteries use potassium hydroxide as an electrolyte to generate electricity.Baterai **alkaline** menggunakan kalium hidroksida sebagai elektrolit untuk menghasilkan listrik.

Tutup

[Adjektiva]

containing or relating to salt

asin, bergaram

asin, bergaram

Ex: The saline soil in the coastal region affected the types of crops that could be grown successfully.Tanah **asin** di wilayah pesisir mempengaruhi jenis tanaman yang bisa ditanam dengan sukses.

Tutup

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SAT

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