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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Akademicki - Test 3 - Czytanie - Fragment 1

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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
sculptor
sculptor
[Rzeczownik]

someone who makes works of art by carving or shaping stone, wood, clay, metal, etc. into different forms

rzeźbiarz, snycerz

rzeźbiarz, snycerz

Ex: The sculptor meticulously chiseled away at the marble block, transforming it into a lifelike statue of a historical figure. 
leading
leading
[przymiotnik]

greatest in significance, importance, degree, or achievement

wiodący, główny

wiodący, główny

Ex: The company's leading product dominates the market, setting the standard for quality and innovation. 
figure
figure
[Rzeczownik]

a person of importance, fame, or public recognition

postać, osobistość

postać, osobistość

Ex: Nelson Mandela was a key figure in world history. 
grammar school
grammar school
[Rzeczownik]

a type of secondary school in the UK that traditionally provided education in classical languages and literature, as well as mathematics and sciences

klasyczna szkoła średnia, szkoła gramatyczna

klasyczna szkoła średnia, szkoła gramatyczna

Ex: During the Victorian era, grammar schools were prominent institutions for educating the middle and upper classes. 
to comply
to comply
[Czasownik]

to act in accordance with rules, regulations, or requests

przestrzegać, stosować się

przestrzegać, stosować się

Ex: Employees are expected to comply with the company's code of conduct. 
to abandon
to abandon
[Czasownik]

to no longer continue something altogether

porzucić, zaniechać

porzucić, zaniechać

Ex: Sarah finally mustered the courage to abandon her toxic relationship. 
to enroll
to enroll
[Czasownik]

to officially register oneself or someone else as a participant in a course, school, etc.

zapisywać się, rejestrować się

zapisywać się, rejestrować się

Ex: Students need to enroll in the classes for the upcoming semester. 
to appoint
to appoint
[Czasownik]

to give a responsibility or job to someone

mianować, wyznaczać

mianować, wyznaczać

Ex: The manager decided to appoint a new team leader to oversee the project. 
to award
to award
[Czasownik]

to recognize someone's achievements by giving them something such as an official prize, payment, etc.

nagradzać, przyznawać

nagradzać, przyznawać

Ex: The committee decided to award the scholarship to the student with the highest academic achievements. 
scholarship
scholarship
[Rzeczownik]

a sum of money given by an educational institution to someone with great ability in order to financially support their education

stypendium, stypendium naukowe

stypendium, stypendium naukowe

Ex: She received a full scholarship to study medicine at a prestigious university. 
instruction
instruction
[Rzeczownik]

the act of teaching someone a subject or skill

nauczanie, instrukcja

nauczanie, instrukcja

Ex: The course offers instruction in basic chemistry. 
to range
to range
[Czasownik]

to have or include a variety of what is mentioned

obejmować, różnić się

obejmować, różnić się

Ex: The store's inventory ranges from clothing and accessories to electronics and home goods. 
primitive
primitive
[przymiotnik]

basic and simple, lacking modern features or advancements

prymitywny, prosty

prymitywny, prosty

Ex: The primitive tools, consisting of simple stone implements, were used by early humans for hunting and gathering. 
to turn away
to turn away
[Czasownik]

to move away from one's area of interest or original path

odwrócić się, odchylić się

odwrócić się, odchylić się

Ex: Faced with resistance, the manager decided to turn away from the original plan and consider alternative solutions. 
cast
cast
[Rzeczownik]

an object produced by pouring liquid material into a mold and letting it solidify

odlew, forma

odlew, forma

Ex: The bronze cast of the statue weighed 200 kg. 
spirit
spirit
[Rzeczownik]

an immaterial supernatural being that can appear or be perceived by humans

duch, widmo

duch, widmo

Ex: Legends describe a spirit haunting the old mansion. 
to recline
to recline
[Czasownik]

to bend the upper body backwards

odchylać się, pochylać się do tyłu

odchylać się, pochylać się do tyłu

Ex: After a long day at work, she reclined on the sofa and closed her eyes to relax. 
figure
figure
[Rzeczownik]

a recreation of a human or animal body in sculpture or drawing

figura, posąg

figura, posąg

Ex: The museum displayed a marble figure of a Greek goddess. 
right angle
right angle
[Rzeczownik]

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

kąt prosty, kąt 90 stopni

kąt prosty, kąt 90 stopni

Ex: To construct a square, each corner must form a perfect right angle. 
to fascinate
to fascinate
[Czasownik]

to capture someone's interest or curiosity

fascynować, zachwycać

fascynować, zachwycać

Ex: The exotic animals at the zoo fascinate the children, sparking their curiosity. 
originality
originality
[Rzeczownik]

the quality or state of being new, creative, and unique, not copied from another thing

oryginalność

oryginalność

depiction
depiction
[Rzeczownik]

representation by drawing or painting etc

przedstawienie, ilustracja

przedstawienie, ilustracja

mask
mask
[Rzeczownik]

a covering worn on the face to hide identity or appearance

maska, osłona twarzy

maska, osłona twarzy

Ex: She wore a mask to the masquerade ball. 
exceptional
exceptional
[przymiotnik]

significantly better or greater than what is typical or expected

wyjątkowy, znakomity

wyjątkowy, znakomity

Ex: The pianist's performance was exceptional, leaving the audience in awe. 
recognition
recognition
[Rzeczownik]

acknowledgment or approval given to someone or something for their achievements, qualities, or actions

uznanie

uznanie

Ex: Her hard work and dedication earned her recognition from her peers. 
to convince
to convince
[Czasownik]

to make someone feel certain about the truth of something

przekonać, namówić

przekonać, namówić

Ex: The politician attempted to convince voters of the benefits of her policy proposals. 
merit
merit
[Rzeczownik]

an admirable quality, trait, or characteristic in a person or thing

zaleta, cecha

zaleta, cecha

Ex: Her honesty is her greatest merit. 
emerging
emerging
[przymiotnik]

coming into existence

wschodzący, powstający

wschodzący, powstający

movement
movement
[Rzeczownik]

a collective of individuals united by shared beliefs or ideology, working toward general social, political, or cultural goals

ruch, kolektyw

ruch, kolektyw

Ex: The feminist movement advocates for women's rights. 
civilization
civilization
[Rzeczownik]

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

cywilizacja, społeczeństwo

cywilizacja, społeczeństwo

Ex: Ancient Egypt is considered one of the greatest civilizations in history. 
to inhabit
to inhabit
[Czasownik]

to reside in a specific place

zamieszkiwać, mieszkać

zamieszkiwać, mieszkać

Ex: Many species of birds inhabit the forest year-round. 
abstract
abstract
[przymiotnik]

(of a form of art) showing forms, colors, or shapes that do not represent real-world objects, focusing on ideas or emotions instead

abstrakcyjny, nieprzedstawiający

abstrakcyjny, nieprzedstawiający

Ex: She is known for her abstract sculptures that explore the interplay of shapes, colors, and textures. 
exhibition
exhibition
[Rzeczownik]

a public event at which paintings, photographs, or other things are shown

wystawa, ekspozycja

wystawa, ekspozycja

Ex: The art museum's latest exhibition features works by contemporary artists from around the world. 
fellow
fellow
[przymiotnik]

used to refer to someone who shares similarities with one such as job, interest, etc. or is in the same situation

kolega, towarzysz

kolega, towarzysz

Ex: As fellow members of the book club, they often gathered to discuss their favorite novels. 
call
call
[Rzeczownik]

a strong request or demand for something to happen, often expressed publicly

wezwanie, żądanie

wezwanie, żądanie

Ex: The protest led to calls for immediate government action. 
resignation
resignation
[Rzeczownik]

a written document indicating an individual's intention to leave their job or position

rezygnacja, list rezygnacyjny

rezygnacja, list rezygnacyjny

to expire
to expire
[Czasownik]

(of a document, contract, etc.) to no longer be legally recognized because of reaching the end of validity period

wygasać, tracić ważność

wygasać, tracić ważność

Ex: Her driver's license is set to expire next month, so she needs to renew it before then. 
inclination
inclination
[Rzeczownik]

one's natural desire and feeling to take a specific action or act in a particular manner

skłonność, tendencja

skłonność, tendencja

to distort
to distort
[Czasownik]

to change the shape or condition of something in a way that is no longer clear or natural

zniekształcać, deformować

zniekształcać, deformować

Ex: Twisting the metal frame will distort its structure and weaken its integrity. 
radical
radical
[przymiotnik]

(of actions, ideas, etc.) very new and different from the norm

radykalny, rewolucyjny

radykalny, rewolucyjny

Ex: The scientist proposed a radical theory that challenged established beliefs. 
at times
at times
[przysłówek]

at moments that are not constant or regular

czasami, niekiedy

czasami, niekiedy

Ex: She can be a bit reserved at times. 
sketchbook
sketchbook
[Rzeczownik]

a book with sheets of paper that can be used for drawing

zeszyt szkiców, album do rysowania

zeszyt szkiców, album do rysowania

Ex: She always carries her sketchbook to the park to draw the scenery. 
to [bear] a resemblance

to share similarities in appearance, characteristics, or qualities

Ex: The siblings bear a strong resemblance to each other, with their identical features. 
numerous
numerous
[przymiotnik]

indicating a large number of something

liczne, wiele

liczne, wiele

Ex: The library has numerous books on various subjects. 
londoner
londoner
[Rzeczownik]

a native or resident of London

Londyńczyk, Londynka

Londyńczyk, Londynka

commission
commission
[Rzeczownik]

a formal request for an artist to paint, design or compose a piece of art

zamówienie

zamówienie

to depict
to depict
[Czasownik]

to represent or show something or someone by a work of art

przedstawiać, opisywać

przedstawiać, opisywać

Ex: The painting depicts a serene landscape, with rolling hills and a tranquil river winding through the valley. 
to signify
to signify
[Czasownik]

to indicate a meaning

oznaczać, wskazywać

oznaczać, wskazywać

Ex: Dark clouds in the sky often signify an approaching storm. 
humanistic
humanistic
[przymiotnik]

pertaining to or concerned with the humanities

humanistyczny,  dotyczący humanistyki

humanistyczny, dotyczący humanistyki

subject matter
subject matter
[Rzeczownik]

the specific theme or topic that a work of art, speech, etc. contains

temat, tematyka

temat, tematyka

Ex: The artist's paintings often explore the subject matter of human emotions and relationships, creating poignant and evocative imagery. 
to cast
to cast
[Czasownik]

to shape metal or other material by pouring it into a mold while it is in a molten or liquid state

odlewać, lać

odlewać, lać

Ex: The skilled artisan cast the molten bronze into a meticulously crafted mold, creating a detailed sculpture. 
boost
boost
[Rzeczownik]

an increase in price or expense, often sudden or noticeable

podwyżka, wzrost

podwyżka, wzrost

Ex: The company announced a boost in electricity prices next month. 
to take on
to take on
[Czasownik]

to accept something as a challenge

przyjmować, podejmować

przyjmować, podejmować

Ex: She decided to take on the task of organizing the charity event. 
scale
scale
[Rzeczownik]

the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

skala, rozmiar

skala, rozmiar

Ex: The scale of the earthquake was so immense that it caused widespread damage across the region. 
critic
critic
[Rzeczownik]

someone who evaluates and provides opinions or judgments about various forms of art, literature, performances, or other creative works

krytyk

krytyk

Ex: The film critic praised the director's innovative storytelling and powerful performances in her review. 
menace
menace
[Rzeczownik]

someone or something that causes or is likely to cause danger or damage

zagrożenie, niebezpieczeństwo

zagrożenie, niebezpieczeństwo

Ex: The increasing pollution in the river is a serious menace to the local wildlife. 
appreciation
appreciation
[Rzeczownik]

a clear understanding of a problem, situation, or concept

zrozumienie, postrzeganie

zrozumienie, postrzeganie

Ex: She showed deep appreciation of the financial risks involved. 
acclaim
acclaim
[Rzeczownik]

admiration for achievements, often in art, performance, leadership, or innovation

uznanie, pochwała

uznanie, pochwała

Ex: The film received international acclaim for its storytelling and direction. 
reputation
reputation
[Rzeczownik]

the general opinion that the public has about someone or something because of what they did in the past

reputacja, renoma

reputacja, renoma

Ex: The company worked hard to build a reputation for excellent customer service. 
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