Академический IELTS (Band 8 и выше) - Government

the speech delivered by a newly elected President of the United States at their swearing-in ceremony, articulating their plans for their term in office

инаугурационный

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

инаугурация

an economic system where success in business is determined by close relationships between businesspeople and government officials, rather than market competition

кроновый капитализм

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

демагог

a person or group of people who are often employed by politicians, public figures, or the government in order to shape the public opinion in their favor

спин-доктор

a political and administrative division having local self-government, typically responsible for governing a specific urban area, town, or city and its surrounding communities

муниципалитет

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

конфедерация

an understanding or agreement between nations, often informal and less binding than a formal alliance

согласие

a form of government in which corrupt leaders use their power to exploit the country's resources for personal gain

клеptократия

the supreme authority of a state or governing body to govern itself without interference from external forces

суверенитет

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

ратифицировать

to officially start or introduce something

вводить в действие

to suspend or discontinue a session of a legislative body or parliament, typically by the authority of the head of state or government, without dissolving it

приостанавливать

to transfer or delegate responsibility, authority, or a specific matter to a particular individual, group, or entity

делегировать на

to enforce a type of payment, such as fees, taxes, or fines and collect them

наложить

the right to reject or prohibit a decision or proposal, especially one made by someone of an authority

вето

to provide financial support, typically from the government or an organization, to help reduce the cost of goods, services, or certain activities

субсидировать

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

олигархия

a form of government or society in which power is held and influenced primarily by the wealthy or a small privileged class

плутократия

to transfer decision-making or administrative power from a central authority to local or regional entities

децентрализовать

to bring under the jurisdiction or authority of a federal government

федерализовать