Akademik IELTS (Band 8 dan di Atas) - Government

the speech delivered by a newly elected President of the United States at their swearing-in ceremony, articulating their plans for their term in office

inaugural, pidato inaugurasi

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

peresmian, seremoni pelantikan

an economic system where success in business is determined by close relationships between businesspeople and government officials, rather than market competition

kapitalisme kroni, kapitalisme patronase

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

demagog

a person or group of people who are often employed by politicians, public figures, or the government in order to shape the public opinion in their favor

spin doctor, konsultan publik

a political and administrative division having local self-government, typically responsible for governing a specific urban area, town, or city and its surrounding communities

munisipalitas, pemerintah daerah

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

konfederasi

an understanding or agreement between nations, often informal and less binding than a formal alliance

entente, perjanjian

a form of government in which corrupt leaders use their power to exploit the country's resources for personal gain

kleptokrasi

the supreme authority of a state or governing body to govern itself without interference from external forces

kedaulatan

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

meratifikasi, menyetujui

to officially start or introduce something

mengaguhkan

to suspend or discontinue a session of a legislative body or parliament, typically by the authority of the head of state or government, without dissolving it

menunda, menghentikan

to transfer or delegate responsibility, authority, or a specific matter to a particular individual, group, or entity

melimpahkan kepada, menyerahkan kepada

to enforce a type of payment, such as fees, taxes, or fines and collect them

memungut, memungut pajak

the right to reject or prohibit a decision or proposal, especially one made by someone of an authority

veto, hak veto

to provide financial support, typically from the government or an organization, to help reduce the cost of goods, services, or certain activities

mensubsidi, membiayai

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

oligarki

a form of government or society in which power is held and influenced primarily by the wealthy or a small privileged class

plutokrasi

to transfer decision-making or administrative power from a central authority to local or regional entities

mendekatkan, mentransfer kekuasaan administratif

to bring under the jurisdiction or authority of a federal government

federalisasi, membawa di bawah yurisdiksi federal