IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9) - Government

在这里，你将学习一些与政府相关的英语单词，这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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inaugural [名词]

就职演说

Ex: Millions tuned in to watch the historic inaugural of the newly elected leader , eager to hear their plans for the country .

数百万人收看了新当选领导人的历史性就职演说，渴望听到他们对国家的计划。

inauguration [名词]

就职典礼

Ex: The mayor 's inauguration ceremony took place in the city hall , where they were sworn into office by a judge .

市长的就职典礼在市政厅举行，由法官宣誓就职。

crony capitalism [名词]

裙带资本主义

Ex: The prevalence of crony capitalism often leads to unfair advantages for well-connected companies , hindering competition and innovation in the market .

裙带资本主义的盛行往往导致关系良好的公司获得不公平的优势，阻碍市场的竞争和创新。

demagogue [名词]

煽动者

Ex: History is filled with examples of demagogues who manipulated the masses through charismatic speeches and appeals to populism .

历史上充满了通过魅力演讲和诉诸民粹主义来操纵群众的煽动者的例子。

spin doctor [名词]

传播顾问

Ex: The spin doctor skillfully manipulated public opinion , creating a favorable perception of the company despite negative circumstances .

舆论导向专家巧妙地操纵了公众舆论，尽管情况不利，但仍为公司创造了有利的印象。

municipality [名词]

the governing body of a town or city

Ex: Citizens expressed concerns at the municipality 's public hearing .

confederation [名词]

a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

Ex: Historical confederations often arose for mutual defense .

entente [名词]

协议

Ex: Despite historical tensions , the two nations reached an entente , agreeing to cooperate on trade and cultural exchanges .

尽管存在历史紧张关系，两国达成了协议，同意在贸易和文化交流方面进行合作。

kleptocracy [名词]

盗贼统治

Ex: Under the rule of the kleptocracy , public funds are often misappropriated , leading to widespread poverty and economic stagnation .

在盗贼统治的统治下，公共资金经常被挪用，导致普遍的贫困和经济停滞。

sovereignty [名词]

主权

Ex: The treaty recognized the sovereignty of each participating state , affirming their right to make internal decisions without external intervention .

该条约承认每个参与国的主权，确认它们有权在没有外部干预的情况下做出内部决定。

to ratify [动词]

批准

Ex: After lengthy negotiations , the countries involved in the trade agreement finally ratified the terms .

经过漫长的谈判，参与贸易协定的国家最终批准了这些条款。

to inaugurate [动词]

开始

Ex: They will inaugurate a recycling program to promote environmental sustainability .

他们将启动一个回收计划以促进环境可持续性。

to prorogue [动词]

to suspend a legislative session by executive authority without dissolving the assembly

Ex: Debate was cut short when the government decided to prorogue the legislature .

to devolve on [动词]

移交

Ex: The chairman chose to devolve on the vice president the task of overseeing the implementation of the new company policies .

主席选择将监督新公司政策实施的任务下放给副总裁。

to levy [动词]

征收

Ex: Additional tariffs were levied on imported goods to offset unfair trade practices .

为了抵消不公平的贸易行为，对进口商品征收了额外关税。

veto [名词]

the authority or right to forbid or reject an action, often by a head of state or executive

Ex: The veto preserves a check on legislative power .

to subsidize [动词]

补贴

Ex: The organization chose to subsidize healthcare costs for its employees .

该组织选择为其员工的医疗费用补贴。

oligarchy [名词]

寡头政治

Ex: The country 's political system evolved into an oligarchy , with a wealthy elite controlling key decision-making processes .

该国的政治制度演变成了寡头政治，由富裕的精英控制着关键的决策过程。

plutocracy [名词]

财阀统治

Ex: The history of the nation is marked by periods of plutocracy , with wealthy industrialists shaping economic policies to their advantage .

这个国家的历史以富豪统治时期为标志，富有的实业家们塑造了有利于他们的经济政策。

to decentralize [动词]

分散

Ex: The government 's initiative aimed to decentralize administrative functions , empowering local municipalities to address community-specific needs .

政府的倡议旨在分散行政职能，赋予地方市政当局权力以解决社区特定需求。

to federalize [动词]

to place under the authority or jurisdiction of a federal government

Ex: Law enforcement was federalized to enforce national standards .

IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9)
尺寸和规模	尺寸和面积	重量和稳定性	形状
数量增加	金额减少	Intensity	Speed
Significance	独特性	Value	Complexity
挑战	Quality	Success	Failure
体型	年龄与外貌	Wellness	Intelligence
人类特质	积极的情感反应	负面情绪反应	积极情绪状态
负面情绪状态	社会行为	味道和气味	纹理
声音	Temperature	意见	想法与决定
鼓励与气馁	尊重与批准	请求和建议	尝试与预防
运动	肢体语言和手势	指挥和给予权限	从事口头交流
吃喝	准备食物	Science	改变和形成
Education	Astronomy	Physics	Biology
Chemistry	Geology	Philosophy	Psychology
数学与图表	Geometry	Environment	能量与功率
景观与地理	Engineering	Technology	Internet
Computer	History	Religion	文化与习俗
Language	Arts	Music	电影与戏剧
Literature	Architecture	Marketing	Finance
Management	Medicine	疾病与症状	Law
Crime	Punishment	Government	Politics
War	Measurement	情感	旅行与迁移
Weather	Pollution	灾难	动物
食物和饮料	方式副词