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Список Слов Уровня C2 - Society

Здесь вы узнаете все основные слова для разговора об Обществе, собранные специально для изучающих уровень C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
caste
caste
[существительное]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

каста

каста

Ex: The caste system in India historically divided society into hierarchical groups based on birth, occupation, and social status. 
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anomie
anomie
[существительное]

a state of personal instability, isolation, or anxiety caused by a breakdown of social norms or regulation

аномия, социальная дезинтеграция

аномия, социальная дезинтеграция

Ex: After losing his job, he experienced a deep sense of anomie and purposelessness. 
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civics
civics
[существительное]

the study of the rights and responsibilities of citizens in society

гражданское образование, обществоведение

гражданское образование, обществоведение

Ex: Civics education is essential for fostering informed and engaged citizens who can participate effectively in democratic society. 
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denizen
denizen
[существительное]

a resident in a particular place

житель, резидент

житель, резидент

Ex: As a longtime denizen of the small coastal town, he knew everyone by name and their life stories 
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global village
global village
[существительное]

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

глобальная деревня

глобальная деревня

Ex: The internet has transformed the world into a global village, allowing people from different continents to communicate instantaneously. 
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grass roots
grass roots
[существительное]

the ordinary people with a common interest who form the foundation of a movement, organization, or political party

рядовые сторонники, низовая база

рядовые сторонники, низовая база

Ex: The movement started from the grass roots and grew nationwide. 
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intersectionality
intersectionality
[существительное]

a concept that recognizes how different forms of discrimination and oppression, such as race, gender, and class, interact with each other

интерсекциональность, интерсекциональный подход

интерсекциональность, интерсекциональный подход

Ex: Intersectionality acknowledges that individuals experience discrimination or privilege based on the intersection of multiple social identities, not just one. 
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othering
othering
[существительное]

the act of defining and labeling individuals or groups as different from oneself or the dominant social group

отчуждение, исключение

отчуждение, исключение

Ex: Othering often leads to the marginalization and dehumanization of individuals or groups who are perceived as different or inferior. 
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commoner
commoner
[существительное]

a person that does not belong to the upper class of the society

простолюдин, обычный человек

простолюдин, обычный человек

Ex: In feudal societies, commoners made up the majority of the population and typically worked as farmers, artisans, or laborers. 
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inferior
inferior
[существительное]

a person with a lower position than someone else

подчинённый, низший

подчинённый, низший

Ex: In hierarchical societies, those considered inferiors often have limited opportunities for advancement and face discrimination based on their social status. 
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fundraiser
fundraiser
[существительное]

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

благотворительная акция

благотворительная акция

Ex: The nonprofit organization organized a successful fundraiser to raise funds for humanitarian aid in disaster-affected areas. 
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public spirit
public spirit
[существительное]

a sense of community concern and willingness to contribute to the public good

гражданский дух, чувство общественного блага

гражданский дух, чувство общественного блага

Ex: Civic-minded individuals who volunteer their time and resources demonstrate a strong public spirit, contributing to the betterment of their communities. 
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social capital
social capital
[существительное]

the collective value of social networks and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other

социальный капитал, реляционный капитал

социальный капитал, реляционный капитал

Ex: Communities with high levels of social capital tend to have stronger bonds among residents, leading to greater resilience and support during times of adversity. 
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marginalization
marginalization
[существительное]

the social process by which an individual or group is pushed to the edges of society, limiting their access to resources and influence

маргинализация

маргинализация

Ex: Economic policies led to the marginalization of rural communities. 
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subjugation
subjugation
[существительное]

the state of being forced to submit to the authority or control of others

подчинение, порабощение

подчинение, порабощение

Ex: The villagers lived under the subjugation of a tyrannical ruler. 
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meritocracy
meritocracy
[существительное]

a societal system where success is determined by individual skill and ability rather than factors like wealth or social status

меритократия

меритократия

Ex: Meritocracy rewards hard work over family connections. 
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matriarchy
matriarchy
[существительное]

a society where women have primary authority and leadership roles

матриархат, матриархальное общество

матриархат, матриархальное общество

Ex: In matriarchy, women lead families and communities. 
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pluralism
pluralism
[существительное]

a social or political system in which multiple racial, ethnic, religious, or cultural groups coexist and are tolerated

плюрализм, мультикультурализм

плюрализм, мультикультурализм

Ex: Modern democracies often embrace pluralism to protect minority rights. 
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patriarchy
patriarchy
[существительное]

a family or kinship system in which a male serves as the head and lineage is traced through the male line

Патриархия

Патриархия

Ex: In traditional patriarchies, the eldest male inherits the family estate. 
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stratification
stratification
[существительное]

the process of arranging people into social classes or ranks

стратификация, расслоение

стратификация, расслоение

Ex: Industrialization led to the stratification of urban society. 
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socioeconomic
socioeconomic
[прилагательное]

referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects

социально-экономический, социоэкономический

социально-экономический, социоэкономический

Ex: The study examined the socioeconomic disparities in access to healthcare. 
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hegemony
hegemony
[существительное]

the dominance or control exercised by one group, entity, or state over others, especially in the realms of politics, culture, or ideology

гегемония, господство

гегемония, господство

Ex: The colonial powers established hegemony over various regions, exerting control over both political and economic aspects of local societies. 
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egalitarianism
egalitarianism
[существительное]

the belief in and advocacy for the equal rights, opportunities, and treatment of all individuals, regardless of their gender, race, social class, or other distinguishing characteristics

эгалитаризм, эгалитаризм

эгалитаризм, эгалитаризм

Ex: Egalitarianism strives for a society where all citizens have equal access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. 
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ethnocentrism
ethnocentrism
[существительное]

the tendency to evaluate and judge other cultures or groups based on the standards and values of one's own, often resulting in a belief in the superiority of one's own culture or group

этноцентризм, тенденция оценивать и судить другие культуры или группы

этноцентризм, тенденция оценивать и судить другие культуры или группы

Ex: Ethnocentrism can manifest in individuals who believe that their cultural practices are superior to those of other groups. 
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diaspora
diaspora
[существительное]

the dispersion or scattering of a community or ethnic group from their ancestral or original homeland

диаспора, рассеяние

диаспора, рассеяние

Ex: The African diaspora encompasses the global dispersion of people of African descent, resulting from historical events such as the transatlantic slave trade. 
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xenophobia
xenophobia
[существительное]

an unreasonable dislike or prejudice against strangers or people of a different nation

ненависть к иностранцам

ненависть к иностранцам

Ex: The community's xenophobia was evident when they attacked a local business owned by an immigrant family. 
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utopia
utopia
[существительное]

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

утопия

утопия

Ex: They dreamed of creating a utopia where everyone lived in harmony. 
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millenarianism
millenarianism
[существительное]

the belief, in Christian eschatology, that Christ will reign on Earth for a thousand years as described in the Book of Revelation

милленаризм, хилиазм

милленаризм, хилиазм

Ex: The sect practiced millenarianism, expecting the imminent reign of Christ. 
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