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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně C2 - Společnost

Zde se naučíte všechna základní slova pro mluvení o Společnosti, shromážděná speciálně pro studenty úrovně C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
caste
caste
[Podstatné jméno]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

kasta, kastovní systém

kasta, kastovní systém

Ex: The caste system in India historically divided society into hierarchical groups based on birth, occupation, and social status. 
anomie
anomie
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of personal instability, isolation, or anxiety caused by a breakdown of social norms or regulation

anomie, sociální dezintegrace

anomie, sociální dezintegrace

Ex: After losing his job, he experienced a deep sense of anomie and purposelessness. 
civics
civics
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of the rights and responsibilities of citizens in society

občanská výchova, občanská nauka

občanská výchova, občanská nauka

Ex: Civics education is essential for fostering informed and engaged citizens who can participate effectively in democratic society. 
denizen
denizen
[Podstatné jméno]

a resident in a particular place

obyvatel, rezident

obyvatel, rezident

Ex: As a longtime denizen of the small coastal town, he knew everyone by name and their life stories 
global village
global village
[Podstatné jméno]

‌the whole world considered as a small place because of being closely connected by modern communication systems

globální vesnice, světová vesnice

globální vesnice, světová vesnice

Ex: The internet has transformed the world into a global village, allowing people from different continents to communicate instantaneously. 
grass roots
grass roots
[Podstatné jméno]

the ordinary people with a common interest who form the foundation of a movement, organization, or political party

řadoví členové, lidé z terénu

řadoví členové, lidé z terénu

Ex: The movement started from the grass roots and grew nationwide. 
intersectionality
intersectionality
[Podstatné jméno]

a concept that recognizes how different forms of discrimination and oppression, such as race, gender, and class, interact with each other

intersekcionalita, intersekcionální přístup

intersekcionalita, intersekcionální přístup

Ex: Intersectionality acknowledges that individuals experience discrimination or privilege based on the intersection of multiple social identities, not just one. 
othering
othering
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of defining and labeling individuals or groups as different from oneself or the dominant social group

jinakost, vyloučení

jinakost, vyloučení

Ex: Othering often leads to the marginalization and dehumanization of individuals or groups who are perceived as different or inferior. 
commoner
commoner
[Podstatné jméno]

a person that does not belong to the upper class of the society

prostý člověk, obyčejný člověk

prostý člověk, obyčejný člověk

Ex: In feudal societies, commoners made up the majority of the population and typically worked as farmers, artisans, or laborers. 
inferior
inferior
[Podstatné jméno]

a person with a lower position than someone else

podřízený, nižší

podřízený, nižší

Ex: In hierarchical societies, those considered inferiors often have limited opportunities for advancement and face discrimination based on their social status. 
fundraiser
fundraiser
[Podstatné jméno]

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

sbírka, dobročinná akce

sbírka, dobročinná akce

Ex: The nonprofit organization organized a successful fundraiser to raise funds for humanitarian aid in disaster-affected areas. 
public spirit
public spirit
[Podstatné jméno]

a sense of community concern and willingness to contribute to the public good

veřejný duch, smysl pro obecné blaho

veřejný duch, smysl pro obecné blaho

Ex: Civic-minded individuals who volunteer their time and resources demonstrate a strong public spirit, contributing to the betterment of their communities. 
social capital
social capital
[Podstatné jméno]

the collective value of social networks and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other

sociální kapitál, vztahový kapitál

sociální kapitál, vztahový kapitál

Ex: Communities with high levels of social capital tend to have stronger bonds among residents, leading to greater resilience and support during times of adversity. 
marginalization
marginalization
[Podstatné jméno]

the social process by which an individual or group is pushed to the edges of society, limiting their access to resources and influence

marginalizace, sociální vyloučení

marginalizace, sociální vyloučení

Ex: Economic policies led to the marginalization of rural communities. 
subjugation
subjugation
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being forced to submit to the authority or control of others

podrobení, zotročení

podrobení, zotročení

Ex: The villagers lived under the subjugation of a tyrannical ruler. 
meritocracy
meritocracy
[Podstatné jméno]

a societal system where success is determined by individual skill and ability rather than factors like wealth or social status

meritokracie, meritokratický systém

meritokracie, meritokratický systém

Ex: Meritocracy rewards hard work over family connections. 
matriarchy
matriarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a society where women have primary authority and leadership roles

matriarchát, matriarchální společnost

matriarchát, matriarchální společnost

Ex: In matriarchy, women lead families and communities. 
pluralism
pluralism
[Podstatné jméno]

a social or political system in which multiple racial, ethnic, religious, or cultural groups coexist and are tolerated

pluralismus, multikulturalismus

pluralismus, multikulturalismus

Ex: Modern democracies often embrace pluralism to protect minority rights. 
patriarchy
patriarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a family or kinship system in which a male serves as the head and lineage is traced through the male line

patriarchát, patriarchální systém

patriarchát, patriarchální systém

Ex: In traditional patriarchies, the eldest male inherits the family estate. 
stratification
stratification
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of arranging people into social classes or ranks

stratifikace, hierarchizace

stratifikace, hierarchizace

Ex: Industrialization led to the stratification of urban society. 
socioeconomic
socioeconomic
[Přídavné jméno]

referring to factors or conditions that involve both social and economic aspects

socioekonomický, společensko-ekonomický

socioekonomický, společensko-ekonomický

Ex: The study examined the socioeconomic disparities in access to healthcare. 
hegemony
hegemony
[Podstatné jméno]

the dominance or control exercised by one group, entity, or state over others, especially in the realms of politics, culture, or ideology

hegemonie, nadvláda

hegemonie, nadvláda

Ex: The colonial powers established hegemony over various regions, exerting control over both political and economic aspects of local societies. 
egalitarianism
egalitarianism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief in and advocacy for the equal rights, opportunities, and treatment of all individuals, regardless of their gender, race, social class, or other distinguishing characteristics

egalitarismus, egalitarismus

egalitarismus, egalitarismus

Ex: Egalitarianism strives for a society where all citizens have equal access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. 
ethnocentrism
ethnocentrism
[Podstatné jméno]

the tendency to evaluate and judge other cultures or groups based on the standards and values of one's own, often resulting in a belief in the superiority of one's own culture or group

etnocentrismus, tendence hodnotit a soudit jiné kultury nebo skupiny na základě standardů a hodnot vlastní

etnocentrismus, tendence hodnotit a soudit jiné kultury nebo skupiny na základě standardů a hodnot vlastní

Ex: Ethnocentrism can manifest in individuals who believe that their cultural practices are superior to those of other groups. 
diaspora
diaspora
[Podstatné jméno]

the dispersion or scattering of a community or ethnic group from their ancestral or original homeland

diaspora, rozptýlení

diaspora, rozptýlení

Ex: The African diaspora encompasses the global dispersion of people of African descent, resulting from historical events such as the transatlantic slave trade. 
xenophobia
xenophobia
[Podstatné jméno]

an unreasonable dislike or prejudice against strangers or people of a different nation

xenofobie

xenofobie

Ex: The community's xenophobia was evident when they attacked a local business owned by an immigrant family. 
utopia
utopia
[Podstatné jméno]

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

utopie, imaginární ráj

utopie, imaginární ráj

Ex: They dreamed of creating a utopia where everyone lived in harmony. 
millenarianism
millenarianism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief, in Christian eschatology, that Christ will reign on Earth for a thousand years as described in the Book of Revelation

milenarismus, chiliasmus

milenarismus, chiliasmus

Ex: The sect practiced millenarianism, expecting the imminent reign of Christ. 
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