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Khoa Học ACT - Geology

Tại đây, bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh liên quan đến địa chất, chẳng hạn như "mantle", "run", "smelt", v.v. sẽ giúp bạn đạt điểm cao trong bài thi ACT của mình.

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Bắt đầu học
ACT Vocabulary for Science
quarry

a site where large quantities of rock, stone, or minerals are extracted from the Earth's crust for industrial use or construction purposes

mỏ đá

mỏ đá

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[Danh từ]
fault

a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, along which there has been significant displacement due to tectonic forces

gãy

gãy

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[Danh từ]
bedrock

solid rock beneath surface materials, forming the Earth's crust foundation

đá nền

đá nền

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[Danh từ]
shale

a type of fine-grained sedimentary rock made from compacted clay or mud particles, known for its ability to split into thin layers

đá phiến

đá phiến

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[Danh từ]
basalt

a type of dark, fine-grained igneous rock formed from cooled lava, characterized by its dense composition and typically dark gray to black color

bazan

bazan

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[Danh từ]
granite

a durable and visually appealing natural rock used for countertops, flooring, and other architectural applications

đá hoa cương

đá hoa cương

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[Danh từ]
index fossil

a fossilized organism that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found, typically indicative of a particular time period in Earth's geological history

hóa thạch chỉ thị

hóa thạch chỉ thị

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[Danh từ]
intrusion

(geology) the injection of magma into existing rock formations underground

xâm nhập

xâm nhập

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[Danh từ]
radiometric dating

a method used to determine the age of rocks and minerals by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes present in them

niên đại phóng xạ

niên đại phóng xạ

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[Danh từ]
igneous

(of rock) formed from cooled magma or lava

magma

magma

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[Tính từ]
metamorphic

related to rocks transformed by intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes, altering their mineral composition and texture

biến chất

biến chất

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[Tính từ]
tectonic

relating to the movement and arrangement of the Earth's crust

tectonic

tectonic

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[Tính từ]
to smelt

to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting it in a furnace

nấu chảy

nấu chảy

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[Động từ]
slag

the byproduct of smelting ore that forms a glass-like material, often found as a residue in mining and metalworking activities

cặn

cặn

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[Danh từ]
mesozoic

the period of time from about 252 to 66 million years ago, characterized by the dominance of dinosaurs and the gradual breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea

kỷ mesozoic

kỷ mesozoic

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[Danh từ]
olivine

a mineral with a greenish hue, commonly found in igneous rocks like basalt and peridotite, known for its high magnesium and iron content

olivin

olivin

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[Danh từ]
pyroxene

a group of minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, typically dark in color and composed of silica, magnesium, and iron

phân loại piroksen

phân loại piroksen

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[Danh từ]
feldspar

a group of minerals that are the most abundant components in the Earth's crust, known for their hardness and varied colors, often used in ceramics and glassmaking

feldspar

feldspar

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[Danh từ]
argillite

a type of rock formed from clay minerals that have been compressed and hardened over time, creating a dense and often smooth-textured material

đá argillite

đá argillite

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[Danh từ]
geologist

a scientist who studies the Earth's structure, composition, processes, and history, including rocks, minerals, fossils, and geological phenomena

nhà địa chất

nhà địa chất

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[Danh từ]
seismologist

a scientist who specializes in the study of earthquakes and seismic waves, investigating their causes, effects, and patterns

nhà địa chấn học

nhà địa chấn học

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[Danh từ]
epicenter

the point on the surface of the earth vertically above the focus of an earthquake where its effects are felt most strongly

tâm chấn

tâm chấn

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[Danh từ]
temblor

an earthquake caused by underground movement or volcanic activity

chấn động

chấn động

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[Danh từ]
tremor

a small or slight earthquake

rung chuyển

rung chuyển

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[Danh từ]
eruption

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

sự phun trào

sự phun trào

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[Danh từ]
shield volcano

a type of broad, gently sloping volcano formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basaltic lava

núi lửa hình khiên

núi lửa hình khiên

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[Danh từ]
volcanology

a branch of geology that focuses on the study of volcanoes, volcanic activity, and related phenomena

địa chất núi lửa

địa chất núi lửa

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[Danh từ]
magma

liquid or semi-liquid rock that exists under the earth's surface with an extremely hot temperature

magma

magma

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[Danh từ]
caldera

a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption

caldera

caldera

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[Danh từ]
quartzite

a tough type of rock that starts as sandstone but changes under intense heat and pressure underground, becoming very hard and durable

thạch anh

thạch anh

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[Danh từ]
sediment

particles of rock, minerals, or organic materials that have been transported by wind, water, or ice, and deposited in layers on the Earth's surface

trầm tích

trầm tích

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[Danh từ]
outcrop

a visible exposure of rock or geological strata at the Earth's surface, often occurring on hillsides, cliffs, or other elevated areas, providing insight into the underlying geological structure

địa tầng

địa tầng

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[Danh từ]
geothermal

connected with or produced by the heat inside the earth

địa nhiệt

địa nhiệt

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[Tính từ]
basin

a large, bowl-shaped depression or low-lying area on the Earth's surface, typically surrounded by higher landforms and often filled with sedimentary deposits

bể

bể

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[Danh từ]
continental crust

the thick, buoyant part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents, composed mainly of granitic rocks and less dense than oceanic crust

vỏ lục địa

vỏ lục địa

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[Danh từ]
paleocontinent

a landmass that existed in the geological past

lục địa cổ

lục địa cổ

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[Danh từ]
subduction

a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle

chìm xuống

chìm xuống

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[Danh từ]
mantle

the region of the Earth's interior, lying beneath the crust and extending to the outer core, composed of solid rock that can deform and flow over geological time scales

manti

manti

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[Danh từ]
limestone

a hard gray or white rock that contains calcium and is used for making cement or as a building material

đá vôi

đá vôi

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[Danh từ]
kaolinite

a soft, white clay mineral formed from the weathering of aluminum-rich rocks, used widely in ceramics, paper production, and as a filler in some medications

cao lanh

cao lanh

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[Danh từ]
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