一般现在时 初学者
学习如何正确使用英语的一般现在时,表达事实、习惯和日常活动。包括示例和练习
什么是一般现在时?
英语中的一般现在时是动词的原形,没有任何词尾,通常用于谈论规律性或始终真实的动作或情况。
结构
一般现在时通过使用动词的基本形式构成,对于第三人称单数主语(他、她、它)需要加上 '-s' 或 '-es'。
一般现在时 | |
---|---|
I | work (我工作) |
you | work (你工作) |
he/she/it | works (他/她/它工作) |
we | work (我们工作) |
you | work (你们工作) |
they | work (他们工作) |
拼写
在一般现在时中,大多数动词的第三人称单数形式(he/she/it)是通过在动词的基本形式后添加 '-s' 来形成的。例如:
eat → eats (吃 → 他吃)
walk → walks (走 → 他走)
run → runs (跑 → 他跑)
如果动词以 '-ch'、'-ss'、'-sh'、'-x' 或 '-zz' 结尾,则添加 '-es' 而不是 's':
watch → watches (看 → 他看)
wash → washes (洗 → 他洗)
mix → mixes (混合 → 他混合)
如果动词以辅音 + -y 结尾,将 'y' 改为 'i' 然后加 '-es':
study → studies (学习 → 他学习)
hurry → hurries (赶快 → 他赶快)
如果动词以元音 + '-y' 结尾,则只需加 '-s':
pay → pays (付 → 他付)
enjoy → enjoys (享受 → 他享受)
一些动词是不规则的,其第三人称形式不遵循这些规则。例如:
be → is (是 → 他是)
have → has (有 → 他有)
一般现在时的"be"
动词 'be' 是英语中不规则动词之一。在下表中,您可以看到它在一般现在时中的形式:
be | |
---|---|
I | am (我 是) |
you | are (你 是) |
he/she/it | is (他/她/它 是) |
we | are (我们 是) |
you | are (你们 是) |
they | are (他们 是) |
否定
要构成否定句,在动词的基本形式前添加 'do not'(don't)或 'does not'(doesn't)。
I go to school. → I do not go to school. (I don't go to school.)
我去上学。→ 我不去上学。
You work. → You do not work. (You don't work.)
你工作。→ 你不工作。
She runs. → She does not run. (She doesn't run.)
她跑了。→ 她不跑。
要否定一个 'be' 动词,只需在其后加上 'not'。例如:
I am a student. → I am not a student.
我是一名学生。→ 我不是学生。
You are a student. → You are not a student. (You aren't a student.)
你是一名学生。→ 你不是学生。
He/she is a student. → He/she is not a student. (He/she isn't a student.)
他/她是一名学生。→ 他/她不是学生。
提问
要构成是非疑问句,在句子开头使用 do/does + 主语 + 动词的基本形式。
I run. → Do I run?
我跑。 → 我跑吗?
You run. → Do you run?
你跑步。 → 你跑步吗?
He goes to school. → Does he go to school?
他去上学。 → 他去上学吗?
如果句子的主要动词是 'be',则疑问形式是将动词放在句子的开头,主语放在后面。
I am happy. → Am I happy?
我很幸福。 → 我幸福吗?
You are a doctor. → Are you a doctor?
你是醫生。 → 你是醫生嗎?
He is nice. → Is he nice?
他人很好。 → 他人很好吗?
用途
一般现在时用于:
讨论事实:
Mary has a twin sister.
玛丽有一个双胞胎姐妹。
The earth is round.
地球是圆的。
讨论日常活动:
Mary goes to school every day.
玛丽每天上学。
I wash the dishes after dinner every night.
我每天晚饭后洗碗。
Quiz:
Which sentence is correctly formed in the present simple tense for a third-person singular subject?
He walk to school every day.
She studies English on weekends.
It playes outside in the morning.
She watchs a movie every night.
Complete the table with the correct forms of the verb based on the Present Simple tense rules.
Subject | Verb (base form) | Sentence |
---|---|---|
I | be | I happy. |
She | She carries the groceries. | |
It | play | It in the yard. |
We | We run in the park. | |
They | watch | They a movie. |
Which option correctly negates the sentence: "She likes chocolate"?
She not like chocolate.
She do not like chocolate.
She does not like chocolate.
She does not likes chocolate.
Sort the words to make a negative sentence.
Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence.
We
not eat lunch at noon.
she like reading books?
Sarah
not have a pet.
they enjoy playing soccer?
I
not like to wake up early every day.
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