什么是一般现在时?
英语中的一般现在时是动词的原形,没有任何词尾,通常用于谈论规律性或始终真实的动作或情况。
结构
一般现在时通过使用动词的基本形式构成,对于第三人称单数主语(他、她、它)需要加上 '-s' 或 '-es'。
一般现在时 | |
---|---|
I | work (我工作) |
you | work (你工作) |
he/she/it | works (他/她/它工作) |
we | work (我们工作) |
you | work (你们工作) |
they | work (他们工作) |
拼写
在一般现在时中,大多数动词的第三人称单数形式(he/she/it)是通过在动词的基本形式后添加 '-s' 来形成的。例如:
eat → eats (吃 → 他吃)
walk → walks (走 → 他走)
run → runs (跑 → 他跑)
如果动词以 '-ch'、'-ss'、'-sh'、'-x' 或 '-zz' 结尾,则添加 '-es' 而不是 's':
watch → watches (看 → 他看)
wash → washes (洗 → 他洗)
mix → mixes (混合 → 他混合)
如果动词以辅音 + -y 结尾,将 'y' 改为 'i' 然后加 '-es':
study → studies (学习 → 他学习)
hurry → hurries (赶快 → 他赶快)
如果动词以元音 + '-y' 结尾,则只需加 '-s':
pay → pays (付 → 他付)
enjoy → enjoys (享受 → 他享受)
一些动词是不规则的,其第三人称形式不遵循这些规则。例如:
be → is (是 → 他是)
have → has (有 → 他有)
一般现在时的“be”
动词 'be' 是英语中不规则动词之一。在下表中,您可以看到它在一般现在时中的形式:
be | |
---|---|
I | am (我 是) |
you | are (你 是) |
he/she/it | is (他/她/它 是) |
we | are (我们 是) |
you | are (你们 是) |
they | are (他们 是) |
否定
要构成否定句,在动词的基本形式前添加 'do not'(don't)或 'does not'(doesn't)。
I go to school. → I do not go to school. (I don't go to school.)
我去上学。→ 我不去上学。
You work. → You do not work. (You don't work.)
你工作。→ 你不工作。
She runs. → She does not run. (She doesn't run.)
她跑了。→ 她不跑。
要否定一个 'be' 动词,只需在其后加上 'not'。例如:
I am a student. → I am not a student.
我是一名学生。→ 我不是学生。
You are a student. → You are not a student. (You aren't a student.)
你是一名学生。→ 你不是学生。
He/she is a student. → He/she is not a student. (He/she isn't a student.)
他/她是一名学生。→ 他/她不是学生。
提问
要构成是非疑问句,在句子开头使用 do/does + 主语 + 动词的基本形式。
I run. → Do I run?
我跑。 → 我跑吗?
You run. → Do you run?
你跑步。 → 你跑步吗?
He goes to school. → Does he go to school?
他去上学。 → 他去上学吗?
如果句子的主要动词是 'be',则疑问形式是将动词放在句子的开头,主语放在后面。
I am happy. → Am I happy?
我很幸福。 → 我幸福吗?
You are a doctor. → Are you a doctor?
你是醫生。 → 你是醫生嗎?
He is nice. → Is he nice?
他人很好。 → 他人很好吗?
用途
一般现在时用于:
讨论事实:
Mary has a twin sister.
玛丽有一个双胞胎姐妹。
The earth is round.
地球是圆的。
讨论日常活动:
Mary goes to school every day.
玛丽每天上学。
I wash the dishes after dinner every night.
我每天晚饭后洗碗。
Quiz:
Which sentence is correct in the present simple tense?
She watchs TV every evening.
He go to the gym on Mondays.
He washes his car every weekend.
She mix the colors carefully.
Match the following words, phrases, or examples to their correct category in the Present Simple tense for third-person singular subjects:
Which option uses the negative present simple verb correctly?
They don't work here.
She don't likes apples.
I doesn't enjoy reading.
He doesn't eats breakfast.
What is the correct question form for this statement: "You play the guitar"?
Does you play the guitar?
Do you plays the guitar?
Do you play the guitar?
Do you playes the guitar?
Sort the words to form a yes/no question in the present simple tense.
Fill the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in parenthesis in the Present Simple tense:
subject | verb |
---|---|
you | (run) |
she | (watch) |
It | (fly) |
they | (laugh) |
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