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South and Central Asia Vocabulary - Kazakhstan

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South and Central Asia Vocabulary
vast
vast
[Adjective]

extremely great in extent, size, or area

Ex: The explorers marveled at the vast desert stretching endlessly before them. 
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steppe
steppe
[noun]

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

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nomadic
nomadic
[Adjective]

referring to the lifestyle of constantly traveling from place to place, with individuals or groups never staying in one location for an extended period of time

Ex: The Bedouin tribes of the Sahara Desert are known for their nomadic way of life, moving with their herds in search of grazing land. 
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heritage
heritage
[noun]

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

Ex: The festival celebrates our cultural heritage with traditional dances and music. 
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blend
blend
[noun]

a mixture in which different elements are combined evenly

Ex: The coffee was a rich blend of Arabica and Robusta beans. 
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modernity
modernity
[noun]

the quality of being up-to-date or related to recent times, especially in culture, technology, or ideas

Ex: The artist’s work reflects the modernity of the 21st century, blending technology with traditional techniques. 
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countryside

the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

Ex: They enjoyed taking long walks in the peaceful countryside. 
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landscape
landscape
[noun]

an area of scenery visible in a single view

Ex: The hikers admired the mountain landscape at sunrise. 
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grassland
grassland
[noun]

a large, open, and grass-covered area

Ex: Many animals live in the vast grassland. 
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peak
peak
[noun]

the pointed top of a mountain

Ex: The climbers reached the peak of Mount Everest after weeks of strenuous effort. 
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wide-open
wide-open
[Adjective]

open wide

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nomad
nomad
[noun]

a person or group that moves from place to place, usually in search of food, water, or pasture, rather than living permanently in one location

Ex: The nomads traveled across the desert with their herds. 
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in harmony with
in harmony with
[preposition]

in alignment with a particular idea, principle, or concept

Ex: The company's values are in harmony with its commitment to social responsibility. 
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shelter
shelter
[noun]

a structure offering protection and privacy from danger

Ex: The hikers found a shelter in the forest during the storm. 
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trade route

a regularly used path or route across the sea, often for the exchange of goods and services between different places or countries

Ex: This ancient trade route at sea connected Asia and Europe. 
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merchant
merchant
[noun]

someone who buys and sells goods wholesale

Ex: The merchant traveled across the seas to trade spices and silk with distant lands. 
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silk
silk
[noun]

a type of smooth soft fabric made from the threads that silkworms produce

Ex: She draped a silk scarf around her neck, enjoying the cool, smooth texture against her skin. 
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jewel
jewel
[noun]

a precious or semi-precious piece of stone cut and polished to make items of jewelry

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independence

the state of being free from the control of others

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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sovereign
sovereign
[Adjective]

(of a country or state) self-governed and free from external control

Ex: The newly established nation declared itself a sovereign state, free from colonial rule. 
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futuristic
futuristic
[Adjective]

having extremely modern, innovative technology or design, often resembling what might be expected in the future

Ex: The futuristic concept car boasted autonomous driving capabilities, augmented reality displays, and zero-emission propulsion. 
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lively
lively
[Adjective]

(of a place or atmosphere) full of excitement and energy

Ex: She loved the lively atmosphere at the outdoor market. 
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atmosphere

the mood or feeling of a particular environment, especially one created by art, music, or decor

Ex: The café's cozy atmosphere, soft lighting and jazz music, made customers stay for hours. 
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charm
charm
[noun]

a quality or trait that attracts others and creates a positive impression

Ex: Her charm won over the entire audience. 
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tree-lined
tree-lined
[Adjective]

having trees planted along both sides

Ex: We walked down a quiet tree-lined street. 
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welcoming
welcoming
[Adjective]

showing warmth and friendliness to a guest or visitor

Ex: She greeted her guests with a welcoming smile and open arms. 
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hospitality

kindness in welcoming guests or strangers

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to [take] pride in {sb/sth}

to feel a strong sense of happiness and satisfaction because of someone's achievements or something's qualities

Ex: Parents often take pride in their children's academic success. 
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to treat
to treat
[Verb]

to deal with or behave toward someone or something in a particular way

Ex: Always treat animals with care and compassion. 
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instrument

an object or device used for producing music, such as a violin or a piano

Ex: A harmonica is a small, portable instrument, making it popular among travelers. 
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melodic
melodic
[Adjective]

having a pleasing, musical sound

Ex: The singer's melodic voice captivated the entire audience. 
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multicultural
multicultural
[Adjective]

relating to or involving several different cultures

Ex: The city is known for its vibrant and multicultural population. 
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ethnic
ethnic
[Adjective]

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

Ex: The neighborhood celebrates its diverse ethnic heritage with cultural festivals and events. 
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richness
richness
[noun]

the property of a sensation that is rich and pleasing

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hearty
hearty
[Adjective]

providing essential nutrients

Ex: After a long day of hiking, they enjoyed a hearty stew that was both warming and filling. 
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filling
filling
[Adjective]

(of food) making one's stomach feel full

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dairy
dairy
[noun]

milk and milk products that are produced by mammals such as cows, goats, and sheep collectively

Ex: She avoids dairy because she's lactose intolerant. 
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boiled
boiled
[Adjective]

cooked in extremely hot liquids

Ex: She boiled the potatoes until they were tender, then mashed them with butter and garlic. 
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noodle
noodle
[noun]

a type of thin, long food made with flour and egg, eaten in a soup or with sauce

Ex: For a quick and easy meal, I whipped up a delicious garlic and butter noodle dish. 
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fermented
fermented
[Adjective]

transformed by natural microorganisms, often resulting in the creation of acids, gases, or alcohol

Ex: The fermented grapes produced a rich and flavorful wine. 
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local
local
[Adjective]

related or belonging to a particular area or place that someone lives in or mentions

Ex: The local bakery is known for its freshly baked bread and pastries. 
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nomadic
nomadic
[Adjective]

referring to the lifestyle of constantly traveling from place to place, with individuals or groups never staying in one location for an extended period of time

Ex: The Bedouin tribes of the Sahara Desert are known for their nomadic way of life, moving with their herds in search of grazing land. 
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grilled
grilled
[Adjective]

having been cooked over direct heat, often on a grill, resulting in a charred or seared exterior

Ex: The grilled burgers were juicy and flavorful, with charred edges and a smoky aroma. 
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skewer
skewer
[noun]

a long wooden or metal stick that is inserted into pieces of food, especially meat, to hold them together while being cooked

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dough
dough
[noun]

a thick mixture of flour, liquid and sometimes yeast that is baked into bread or pastry

Ex: Pizza dough needs to be stretched and shaped before adding the toppings. 
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natural resource

resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature

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mineral
mineral
[noun]

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

Ex: Quartz is a common mineral found in many types of rocks. 
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to preserve

to protect something against danger or harm

Ex: It's important to preserve natural habitats to protect endangered species. 
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wildlife
wildlife
[noun]

all wild animals, considered as a whole, living in the natural environment

Ex: The national park is home to a variety of wildlife, including bears and wolves. 
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snow leopard

a large, elusive, and endangered big cat species known for its unique beauty, adapted for life in high-altitude mountainous regions of Central Asia

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saiga
saiga
[noun]

a distinctive antelope species known for its distinctive, downturned nose and curved horns, and it is native to the grasslands of Eurasia

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rare
rare
[Adjective]

found only in small numbers so considered interesting or valuable

Ex: The museum displayed rare artifacts from ancient civilizations, each considered priceless due to their scarcity. 
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renewable energy

a type of energy derived from natural sources that can be replenished, such as sunlight, wind, and water

Ex: Solar panels are a popular way to harness renewable energy. 
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wind power

the electricity produced by means of turbines and other machinery

Ex: Wind power supplies over 10% of the country's electricity needs. 
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solar power

energy that is generated from the sun's radiation using solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity

Ex: The house is equipped with solar power to reduce electricity bills. 
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generation

people born and living at approximately the same period of time

Ex: The older generation often reminisces about life before smartphones became ubiquitous. 
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dependence

the condition of needing someone or something for support, aid, or survival

Ex: His dependence on his parents for financial support lasted well into his twenties. 
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fossil fuel

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

Ex: Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 
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spaceport
spaceport
[noun]

a facility where spacecraft are launched, landed, or maintained

Ex: The rocket lifted off from the spaceport at dawn. 
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rocket
rocket
[noun]

a spacecraft that moves up by the force of the gases produced when the fuel burns

Ex: The rocket lifted off from the launch pad, carrying a satellite into orbit around Earth. 
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to launch
to launch
[Verb]

to send an object, such as a satellite, missile, etc., into space

Ex: The military launched a missile as part of a test exercise. 
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