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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 6-7) - Pollution

Here, you will learn some English words related to Pollution that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
smog
smog
[noun]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

Ex: The city's smog was so thick that it reduced visibility, making it difficult for drivers to see the road ahead. 
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emission
emission
[noun]

the release of gas, radiation, or other substances into the air or environment

Ex: The car produces less emission than older models. 
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contaminant

a substance or agent that makes something impure or harmful by contact or mixture

Ex: The factory's wastewater discharge contained contaminants that posed a threat to the nearby river ecosystem. 
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toxin
toxin
[noun]

a poisonous substance, especially one produced by living organisms, that can cause harm or illness when introduced into a living organism

Ex: The snake's venom contained potent toxins that could be lethal to its prey. 
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filth
filth
[noun]

any substance that is dirty, disgusting, or unpleasant

Ex: The abandoned building was overrun with filth, its floors littered with garbage and its walls coated in layers of grime. 
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greenhouse gas

any type of gas, particularly carbon dioxide, that contributes to global warming by trapping heat

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. 
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methane
methane
[noun]

a colorless, odorless, flammable which is the main component of natural gasgas

Ex: Livestock, particularly cows, produce methane during digestion, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. 
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litter
litter
[noun]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

Ex: Please don’t throw litter on the sidewalk—use the bin. 
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dump
dump
[noun]

a designated site where garbage and refuse are deposited and often processed

Ex: They hauled the old sofa to the city dump early Saturday morning. 
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oil spill
oil spill
[noun]

the accidental or deliberate release of liquid petroleum or its products into the environment, especially into bodies of water, causing ecological damage

Ex: The oil spill coated the shoreline, harming local wildlife. 
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sulfur dioxide

a colorless gas emitted from burning sulfur-containing fuels, industrial activities, and volcanic eruptions

Ex: Volcanic eruptions release sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, affecting air composition and climate. 
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acid rain
acid rain
[noun]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

Ex: The once-clear mountain stream turned murky after years of acid rain falling on its watershed. 
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contamination

the act or process of making a substance or place dirty or polluted, especially by dangerous substances

Ex: Water contamination poses serious health risks. 
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chemical
chemical
[noun]

a substance or compound produced or used in a process involving chemistry

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dioxin
dioxin
[noun]

a harmful chemical compound containing chlorine, often produced as an industrial byproduct with adverse environmental and health effects

Ex: The accidental release of dioxin from a factory raised concerns about its impact on local water sources and wildlife. 
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landfill
landfill
[noun]

a piece of land under which waste material is buried

Ex: The city opened a new landfill to accommodate its growing waste management needs. 
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fume
fume
[noun]

smoke or gas that has a sharp smell or is harmful if inhaled

Ex: The factory released toxic fumes that posed a health risk to nearby residents. 
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bottle bank

a collection point or recycling container specifically designed for the deposit and recycling of glass bottles

Ex: After the picnic, they made a conscious effort to deposit their empty glass bottles in the nearby bottle bank for recycling. 
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exhaust
exhaust
[noun]

the waste gases or air expelled from an engine, furnace, or other machinery

Ex: The cyclist pedaled behind the bus, trying to avoid inhaling the exhaust fumes in heavy traffic. 
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debris
debris
[noun]

the scattered pieces of waste, remains, or broken objects, often left after destruction or an accident

Ex: The hurricane left debris scattered across the streets. 
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pesticide
pesticide
[noun]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

Ex: The farmer applied pesticide to protect his crops from harmful insects. 
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herbicide
herbicide
[noun]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

Ex: Farmers use herbicides to control weeds and improve crop yields. 
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