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مفردات أوروبا الوسطى والشرقية - إستونيا

مراجعة

بطاقات الفلاش

الصيغ

الهجاء

اختبار قصير

ابدأ التعلم
Central and Eastern Europe Vocabulary
fascinating
fascinating
[صفة]

extremely interesting or captivating

رائع, ساحر

رائع, ساحر

Ex: The history of ancient civilizations is endlessly fascinating to archaeologists. 
baltic
baltic
[صفة]

of or pertaining to or characteristic of the Baltic States or their peoples or languages

بلطيقي, بحر البلطيق

بلطيقي, بحر البلطيق

state
state
[اسم]

a country under the control of one government

دولة, أمة

دولة, أمة

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
to locate
to locate
[فعل]

to be situated or established in a particular place

يقع, يتواجد

يقع, يتواجد

Ex: The museum is located near the river. 
medieval
medieval
[صفة]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

عصور وسطى, متعلق بالعصور الوسطى

عصور وسطى, متعلق بالعصور الوسطى

Ex: The castle is a masterpiece of medieval architecture, complete with towers and battlements. 
to lead
to lead
[فعل]

to be the leader or in charge of something

يقود, يرأس

يقود, يرأس

Ex: The tour group was led by a knowledgeable guide. 
distantly
distantly
[ظرف]

in a manner that is far in space or time

بشكل بعيد, من بعيد

بشكل بعيد, من بعيد

Ex: Distantly, he could hear the sound of a train passing by. 
reserved
reserved
[صفة]

reluctant to share feelings or problems

متحفظ, منطوي

متحفظ, منطوي

Ex: Despite his reserved demeanor, he was a deeply compassionate person who preferred to listen rather than speak about his own struggles. 
countryside
countryside
[اسم]

the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

الريف, المنطقة الريفية

الريف, المنطقة الريفية

Ex: They enjoyed taking long walks in the peaceful countryside. 
fresh air
fresh air
[اسم]

clean and natural air from outside that feels good to breathe

هواء نقي, هواء منعش

هواء نقي, هواء منعش

Ex: We opened the window to let in some fresh air. 
to slow down
to slow down
[فعل]

(of a person) to start taking things less seriously and try to enjoy life a bit more

يتباطأ, الاستمتاع بالحياة

يتباطأ, الاستمتاع بالحياة

Ex: After years of stress, he decided to slow down and appreciate the simple joys of life. 
peacefulness
peacefulness
[اسم]

a state that is calm and tranquil

الهدوء, السكينة

الهدوء, السكينة

to [keep] {one's} feet on the ground

to remain practical, sensible, and realistic

Ex: Despite his success, he keeps his feet on the ground. 
complex
complex
[صفة]

having or made of several parts

معقد, مركب

معقد, مركب

Ex: The human brain is a complex organ with billions of interconnected neurons. 
to rule
to rule
[فعل]

to control and be in charge of a country

حكم, سيطر

حكم, سيطر

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
power
power
[اسم]

a nation with significant influence and authority on a global scale

قوة, قوة عظمى

قوة, قوة عظمى

Ex: The United States is considered a major power in international politics. 
to hold on
to hold on
[فعل]

to maintain possession of something

احتفظ, حافظ

احتفظ, حافظ

Ex: He decided to hold on to his old car instead of buying a new one. 
to gain
to gain
[فعل]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

اكتساب, الحصول على

اكتساب, الحصول على

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
independence
independence
[اسم]

the state of being free from the control of others

استقلال, حكم ذاتي

استقلال, حكم ذاتي

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
to occupy
to occupy
[فعل]

to come to power and control in a place using military force

احتلال, غزو

احتلال, غزو

Ex: The invading army sought to occupy the capital city, overthrowing the government and establishing military control. 
to give up
to give up
[فعل]

to stop or end an activity or state

يستسلم, يتخلى

يستسلم, يتخلى

Ex: They decided to give up their long-standing rivalry for the sake of peace. 
to [make] progress
to make progress
[عبارة]

to improve or get closer to a particular goal

Ex: Through consistent practice, he was able to make progress in his guitar-playing skills. 
innovation
innovation
[اسم]

the creation of new ideas or concepts in the mind

ابتكار, إبداع

ابتكار, إبداع

Ex: Her innovation in storytelling brought fresh perspectives to the novel. 
tax
tax
[اسم]

a sum of money that has to be paid, based on one's income, to the government so it can provide people with different kinds of public services

ضريبة

ضريبة

Ex: April 15th is the deadline for filing income tax returns in the United States. 
to vote
to vote
[فعل]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

يصوت, يبدي رأيه بالتصويت

يصوت, يبدي رأيه بالتصويت

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
election
election
[اسم]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

انتخابات

انتخابات

Ex: The upcoming election will determine the next leader of our country, shaping the direction of government policies and priorities. 
to sign
to sign
[فعل]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

يوقع

يوقع

Ex: The author regularly signs copies of her books at book signings. 
document
document
[اسم]

a written record that establishes ownership, rights, or obligations

وثيقة, مستند

وثيقة, مستند

Ex: The deed is a document proving property ownership. 
finances
finances
[اسم]

assets in the form of money

الأموال, الموارد المالية

الأموال, الموارد المالية

entrepreneur
entrepreneur
[اسم]

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

رجل أعمال

رجل أعمال

Ex: As an entrepreneur, she started her own tech company with just a small investment. 
reputation
reputation
[اسم]

the state in which a person or an organization is highly respected and esteemed by others

سمعة, مكانة

سمعة, مكانة

Ex: His reputation was damaged after the scandal was exposed to the public. 
advancement
advancement
[اسم]

improvements, developments, or innovations that bring progress or benefit

تقدم, تطور

تقدم, تطور

Ex: Recent advancements in robotics have increased efficiency. 
heritage
heritage
[اسم]

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

تراث, التراث الثقافي

تراث, التراث الثقافي

Ex: The festival celebrates our cultural heritage with traditional dances and music. 
to [strike] a balance

to achieve a state of harmony by managing different aspects or priorities effectively

Ex: She strives to strike a balance between her work commitments and personal life. 
green
green
[صفة]

characterizing an area that is richly covered with natural plant life or foliage

أخضر

أخضر

Ex: The green landscape was dotted with wildflowers and dense foliage. 
national park

an area under the protection of a government, where people can visit, for its wildlife, beauty, or historical sights

منتزه وطني, محمية طبيعية

منتزه وطني, محمية طبيعية

Ex: The family spent their vacation hiking in a national park. 
landmark
landmark
[اسم]

a structure or a place that is historically important

معلم, موقع تاريخي

معلم, موقع تاريخي

Ex: The Great Wall of China is a remarkable landmark that stretches across thousands of miles and has stood for centuries. 
bog
bog
[اسم]

a wet, spongy area of land that is often covered in moss and has poor drainage, making it soft and soggy

مستنقع, سبخة

مستنقع, سبخة

Ex: The hikers carefully crossed the bog to avoid sinking. 
birdwatching
birdwatching
[اسم]

the activity or hobby of studying birds by observing them in their natural surroundings

مراقبة الطيور, مشاهدة الطيور

مراقبة الطيور, مشاهدة الطيور

to [recharge] {one's} batteries

to relax and take a rest in order to recover one's lost energy

يشحن طاقته, يستعيد نشاطه

يشحن طاقته, يستعيد نشاطه

Ex: Right now, I am recharging my batteries with a cup of tea and a good book. 
spot
spot
[اسم]

a specific point or location identified relative to surrounding features in an area or region

مَكَان, مَوْقِع

مَكَان, مَوْقِع

Ex: The hikers stopped at a scenic spot on the trail. 
windmill
windmill
[اسم]

a large, tall building with long blades, called sails, that uses wind power to make flour out of grain or pump water

طاحونة هوائية, مطحنة الرياح

طاحونة هوائية, مطحنة الرياح

Ex: The old windmill was restored as a historical site. 
meteorite
meteorite
[اسم]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

نيزك, حجر نيزكي

نيزك, حجر نيزكي

Ex: Scientists analyzed the composition of the meteorite that fell in the desert last month. 
crater
crater
[اسم]

a depression on the surface of a celestial body, formed by the impact of cosmic debris such as meteoroids or asteroids

فوهة, منخفض

فوهة, منخفض

Ex: The Moon's surface is covered with numerous craters of various sizes, formed over billions of years by impacts from space debris. 
well preserved

kept in good condition or protected from damage, even after a long time

محفوظ جيدًا, في حالة جيدة من الحفظ

محفوظ جيدًا, في حالة جيدة من الحفظ

Ex: The castle is well preserved and still open to visitors. 
to overlook
to overlook
[فعل]

(of a building) to have a view of something, particularly from above

يطّل على, يطل

يطّل على, يطل

Ex: The hotel room overlooked the beach, providing a stunning ocean view. 
cathedral
cathedral
[اسم]

the largest and most important church of a specific area, which is controlled by a bishop

كاتدرائية, الكاتدرائية

كاتدرائية, الكاتدرائية

Ex: The cathedral is known for its stunning Gothic architecture and intricate stained glass windows. 
dome
dome
[اسم]

a building's roof that is rounded

قبة, قبّة

قبة, قبّة

Ex: The majestic cathedral was topped with a towering dome that gleamed in the sunlight. 
detailed
detailed
[صفة]

including many specific elements or pieces of information

مفصل, دقيق

مفصل, دقيق

Ex: The report provided a detailed analysis of the company's financial performance. 
cobblestone
cobblestone
[اسم]

the small, rounded stones used historically for paving streets and paths

حجر المرصوف, حصاة

حجر المرصوف, حصاة

Ex: The old town square was paved with cobblestones. 
start-up
start-up
[اسم]

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

شركة ناشئة, ستارت أب

شركة ناشئة, ستارت أب

Ex: He launched a tech start-up with his friends. 
hub
hub
[اسم]

a central or focal point of activity, importance, or connection

مركز, محور

مركز, محور

Ex: The city is a major transportation hub, connecting flights from around the world. 
to value
to value
[فعل]

to regard highly and consider something as important, beneficial, or worthy of appreciation

يقدر, يقدّر

يقدر, يقدّر

Ex: The organization values transparency in its communication practices. 
to score
to score
[فعل]

to gain a point, goal, etc. in a game, competition, or sport

سجل, أحرز

سجل, أحرز

Ex: He scored a goal in the final minute. 
ranking
ranking
[اسم]

the numerical position or order of teams and individuals based on their performance in a competition or over a period of time

تصنيف, مرتبة

تصنيف, مرتبة

Ex: His consistent wins earned him a high ranking in the tennis tournament. 
choral
choral
[صفة]

(of music) made to be sung by a group of singers, especially in church

كورالي,  جماعي

كورالي, جماعي

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