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Central and Eastern Europe Vocabulary - Estonia

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Central and Eastern Europe Vocabulary
fascinating
fascinating
[Adjective]

extremely interesting or captivating

Ex: The history of ancient civilizations is endlessly fascinating to archaeologists. 
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baltic
baltic
[Adjective]

of or pertaining to or characteristic of the Baltic States or their peoples or languages

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state
state
[noun]

a country under the control of one government

Ex: The United States is a powerful state with significant influence in global politics and economics. 
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to locate
to locate
[Verb]

to be situated or established in a particular place

Ex: The museum is located near the river. 
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medieval
medieval
[Adjective]

belonging or related to the Middle Ages, the period in European history from roughly the 5th to the 15th century

Ex: The castle is a masterpiece of medieval architecture, complete with towers and battlements. 
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to lead
to lead
[Verb]

to be the leader or in charge of something

Ex: The tour group was led by a knowledgeable guide. 
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distantly
distantly
[Adverb]

in a manner that is far in space or time

Ex: Distantly, he could hear the sound of a train passing by. 
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reserved
reserved
[Adjective]

reluctant to share feelings or problems

Ex: Despite his reserved demeanor, he was a deeply compassionate person who preferred to listen rather than speak about his own struggles. 
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countryside

the area with farms, fields, and trees, that is outside cities and towns

Ex: They enjoyed taking long walks in the peaceful countryside. 
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fresh air
fresh air
[noun]

clean and natural air from outside that feels good to breathe

Ex: We opened the window to let in some fresh air. 
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to slow down

(of a person) to start taking things less seriously and try to enjoy life a bit more

Ex: After years of stress, he decided to slow down and appreciate the simple joys of life. 
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peacefulness

a state that is calm and tranquil

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to [keep] {one's} feet on the ground

to remain practical, sensible, and realistic

Ex: Despite his success, he keeps his feet on the ground. 
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complex
complex
[Adjective]

having or made of several parts

Ex: The human brain is a complex organ with billions of interconnected neurons. 
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to rule
to rule
[Verb]

to control and be in charge of a country

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
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power
power
[noun]

a nation with significant influence and authority on a global scale

Ex: The United States is considered a major power in international politics. 
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to hold on

to maintain possession of something

Ex: He decided to hold on to his old car instead of buying a new one. 
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to gain
to gain
[Verb]

to obtain something through one's own actions or hard work

Ex: She gained recognition in the industry through years of dedication and innovation. 
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independence

the state of being free from the control of others

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
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to occupy
to occupy
[Verb]

to come to power and control in a place using military force

Ex: The invading army sought to occupy the capital city, overthrowing the government and establishing military control. 
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to give up

to stop or end an activity or state

Ex: They decided to give up their long-standing rivalry for the sake of peace. 
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to [make] progress

to improve or get closer to a particular goal

Ex: Through consistent practice, he was able to make progress in his guitar-playing skills. 
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innovation

the creation of new ideas or concepts in the mind

Ex: Her innovation in storytelling brought fresh perspectives to the novel. 
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tax
tax
[noun]

a sum of money that has to be paid, based on one's income, to the government so it can provide people with different kinds of public services

Ex: April 15th is the deadline for filing income tax returns in the United States. 
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to vote
to vote
[Verb]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
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election
election
[noun]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

Ex: The upcoming election will determine the next leader of our country, shaping the direction of government policies and priorities. 
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to sign
to sign
[Verb]

to write one's name or mark on a document to indicate acceptance, approval, or endorsement of its contents

Ex: The author regularly signs copies of her books at book signings. 
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document
document
[noun]

a written record that establishes ownership, rights, or obligations

Ex: The deed is a document proving property ownership. 
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finances
finances
[noun]

assets in the form of money

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entrepreneur

a person who starts a business, especially one who takes financial risks

Ex: As an entrepreneur, she started her own tech company with just a small investment. 
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reputation

the state in which a person or an organization is highly respected and esteemed by others

Ex: His reputation was damaged after the scandal was exposed to the public. 
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advancement

improvements, developments, or innovations that bring progress or benefit

Ex: Recent advancements in robotics have increased efficiency. 
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heritage
heritage
[noun]

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

Ex: The festival celebrates our cultural heritage with traditional dances and music. 
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to [strike] a balance

to achieve a state of harmony by managing different aspects or priorities effectively

Ex: She strives to strike a balance between her work commitments and personal life. 
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green
green
[Adjective]

characterizing an area that is richly covered with natural plant life or foliage

Ex: The green landscape was dotted with wildflowers and dense foliage. 
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national park

an area under the protection of a government, where people can visit, for its wildlife, beauty, or historical sights

Ex: The family spent their vacation hiking in a national park. 
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landmark
landmark
[noun]

a structure or a place that is historically important

Ex: The Great Wall of China is a remarkable landmark that stretches across thousands of miles and has stood for centuries. 
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bog
bog
[noun]

a wet, spongy area of land that is often covered in moss and has poor drainage, making it soft and soggy

Ex: The hikers carefully crossed the bog to avoid sinking. 
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birdwatching

the activity or hobby of studying birds by observing them in their natural surroundings

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to [recharge] {one's} batteries

to relax and take a rest in order to recover one's lost energy

Ex: Right now, I am recharging my batteries with a cup of tea and a good book. 
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spot
spot
[noun]

a specific point or location identified relative to surrounding features in an area or region

Ex: The hikers stopped at a scenic spot on the trail. 
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windmill
windmill
[noun]

a large, tall building with long blades, called sails, that uses wind power to make flour out of grain or pump water

Ex: The old windmill was restored as a historical site. 
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meteorite
meteorite
[noun]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

Ex: Scientists analyzed the composition of the meteorite that fell in the desert last month. 
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crater
crater
[noun]

a depression on the surface of a celestial body, formed by the impact of cosmic debris such as meteoroids or asteroids

Ex: The Moon's surface is covered with numerous craters of various sizes, formed over billions of years by impacts from space debris. 
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well preserved
well preserved
[Adjective]

kept in good condition or protected from damage, even after a long time

Ex: The castle is well preserved and still open to visitors. 
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to overlook

(of a building) to have a view of something, particularly from above

Ex: The hotel room overlooked the beach, providing a stunning ocean view. 
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cathedral
cathedral
[noun]

the largest and most important church of a specific area, which is controlled by a bishop

Ex: The cathedral is known for its stunning Gothic architecture and intricate stained glass windows. 
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dome
dome
[noun]

a building's roof that is rounded

Ex: The majestic cathedral was topped with a towering dome that gleamed in the sunlight. 
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detailed
detailed
[Adjective]

including many specific elements or pieces of information

Ex: The report provided a detailed analysis of the company's financial performance. 
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cobblestone

the small, rounded stones used historically for paving streets and paths

Ex: The old town square was paved with cobblestones. 
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start-up
start-up
[noun]

a newly established company or business venture, typically characterized by its innovative approach, early-stage development, and a focus on growth

Ex: He launched a tech start-up with his friends. 
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hub
hub
[noun]

a central or focal point of activity, importance, or connection

Ex: The city is a major transportation hub, connecting flights from around the world. 
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to value
to value
[Verb]

to regard highly and consider something as important, beneficial, or worthy of appreciation

Ex: The organization values transparency in its communication practices. 
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to score
to score
[Verb]

to gain a point, goal, etc. in a game, competition, or sport

Ex: He scored a goal in the final minute. 
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ranking
ranking
[noun]

the numerical position or order of teams and individuals based on their performance in a competition or over a period of time

Ex: His consistent wins earned him a high ranking in the tennis tournament. 
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choral
choral
[Adjective]

(of music) made to be sung by a group of singers, especially in church

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