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El libro Total English - Pre-intermedio - Unidad 9 - Referencia

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Unidad 9 - Referencia en el libro de curso Total English Pre-Intermediate, como "flexible", "shift", "apply", etc.

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Total English - Pre-intermediate
jury
jury
[Sustantivo]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

jurado

jurado

Ex: The judge instructed the jury to focus solely on the evidence presented during the trial. 

El juez instruyó al jurado a centrarse únicamente en las pruebas presentadas durante el juicio.

police officer
police officer
[Sustantivo]

someone whose job is to protect people, catch criminals, and make sure that laws are obeyed

policía

policía

Ex: The police officer arrested the thief and recovered the stolen items. 

El oficial de policía arrestó al ladrón y recuperó los objetos robados.

to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: The judge carefully considered the evidence before deciding how to sentence the defendant. 

El juez consideró cuidadosamente la evidencia antes de decidir cómo sentenciar al acusado.

punishment
punishment
[Sustantivo]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

castigo

castigo

Ex: The school implemented a new policy of restorative justice, focusing on rehabilitation rather than punishment for student misbehavior. 

La escuela implementó una nueva política de justicia restaurativa, centrándose en la rehabilitación en lugar de en el castigo por el mal comportamiento de los estudiantes.

to steal
to steal
[Verbo]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

robar

robar

Ex: The thief has stolen several cars in the past month. 

El ladrón ha robado varios coches en el último mes.

thief
thief
[Sustantivo]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: After years of stealing from his coworkers, the thief was finally exposed and fired from his job. 

Después de años de robar a sus compañeros de trabajo, el ladrón finalmente fue expuesto y despedido de su trabajo.

victim
victim
[Sustantivo]

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

víctima

víctima

Ex: The documentary focused on the lives of victims affected by domestic violence, highlighting their struggles for justice. 

El documental se centró en las vidas de las víctimas afectadas por la violencia doméstica, destacando sus luchas por la justicia.

witness
witness
[Sustantivo]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

testigo, testigo presencial

testigo, testigo presencial

Ex: The witness identified the suspect in a police lineup after the incident. 

El testigo identificó al sospechoso en una rueda de reconocimiento después del incidente.

flexible
flexible
[Adjetivo]

capable of adjusting easily to different situations, circumstances, or needs

adaptable

adaptable

Ex: He is known for being flexible with his schedule, accommodating others needs. 

Es conocido por ser flexible con su horario, adaptándose a las necesidades de los demás.

training
training
[Sustantivo]

the process during which someone learns the skills needed in order to do a particular job

capacitación, adiestramiento

capacitación, adiestramiento

Ex: Teacher training programs focus on effective classroom management techniques. 

Los programas de formación docente se centran en técnicas efectivas de gestión del aula.

uniform
uniform
[Sustantivo]

the special set of clothes that all members of an organization or a group wear at work, or children wear at a particular school

uniforme

uniforme

Ex: The police officer's uniform was decorated with shiny badges and a badge. 

El uniforme del oficial de policía estaba decorado con insignias brillantes y una placa.

shift
shift
[Sustantivo]

the period of time when a group of people work during the day or night

turno

turno

Ex: The factory operates in three shifts to keep production going 24 hours. 

La fábrica opera en tres turnos para mantener la producción las 24 horas.

to apply
to apply
[Verbo]

to formally request something, such as a place at a university, a job, etc.

solicitar,  postular

solicitar, postular

Ex: She decided to apply for the scholarship to support her education. 

Ella decidió solicitar la beca para apoyar su educación.

to offer
to offer
[Verbo]

to present or propose something to someone

ofrecer

ofrecer

Ex: The teacher offered valuable feedback to help the students improve their work. 
to promote
to promote
[Verbo]

to move to a higher position or rank

ascender, promover

ascender, promover

Ex: He was promoted to vice president of sales for his outstanding performance. 

Fue ascendido a vicepresidente de ventas por su desempeño excepcional.

to interview

to ask someone questions to see whether they are qualified for a course of study, job, etc.

entrevistar

entrevistar

Ex: We need to interview potential interns for the summer program. 

Necesitamos entrevistar a pasantes potenciales para el programa de verano.

to resign
to resign
[Verbo]

to officially announce one's departure from a job, position, etc.

renunciar

renunciar

Ex: They resigned from the board of directors due to conflicts of interest. 

Renunciaron a la junta directiva debido a conflictos de intereses.

to run
to run
[Verbo]

to own, manage, or organize something such as a business, campaign, a group of animals, etc.

dirigir

dirigir

Ex: They ran a fundraising event to support the local animal shelter. 

Ellos organizaron un evento de recaudación de fondos para apoyar al refugio de animales local.

bonus
bonus
[Sustantivo]

the extra money that we get, besides our salary, as a reward

plus

plus

Ex: The CEO handed out bonuses to recognize excellent performance. 

El CEO repartió bonos para reconocer un excelente desempeño.

commission
commission
[Sustantivo]

a sum of money paid to someone based on the value or quantity of goods they sell

comisión

comisión

Ex: His salary is low, but he gets a high commission. 

Su salario es bajo, pero recibe una comisión alta.

employee
employee
[Sustantivo]

someone who is paid by another to work for them

empleado

empleado

Ex: The employee took a lunch break in the cafeteria. 

El empleado tomó un descanso para almorzar en la cafetería.

employer
employer
[Sustantivo]

a person or organization that hires and pays individuals for a variety of jobs

empleador

empleador

Ex: The employer provided training programs to help employees develop new skills and enhance their performance. 

El empleador proporcionó programas de capacitación para ayudar a los empleados a desarrollar nuevas habilidades y mejorar su desempeño.

experience
experience
[Sustantivo]

the skill and knowledge we gain from doing, feeling, or seeing things

experiencia

experiencia

Ex: He shared his experiences with overcoming obstacles during his inspirational speech. 

Compartió sus experiencias al superar obstáculos durante su discurso inspirador.

interviewee
interviewee
[Sustantivo]

someone who answers the questions during an interview

entrevistado, candidato

entrevistado, candidato

Ex: The panel of interviewers asked challenging questions to each interviewee. 

El panel de entrevistadores hizo preguntas desafiantes a cada entrevistado.

interviewer
interviewer
[Sustantivo]

a person who asks questions to obtain information from someone in an interview, usually to evaluate their qualifications, opinions, or experiences

entrevistador, encuestador

entrevistador, encuestador

Ex: The interviewer took notes during the conversation. 

El entrevistador tomó notas durante la conversación.

managing director
managing director
[Sustantivo]

a senior executive or business leader who is responsible for the overall management and direction of a company or organization

director general, gerente

director general, gerente

Ex: The managing director attended an important business conference. 

El director gerente asistió a una importante conferencia de negocios.

qualification
qualification
[Sustantivo]

a skill or personal quality that makes someone suitable for a particular job or activity

clasificación

clasificación

Ex: His leadership qualifications made him the perfect candidate for the role of team manager. 

Sus cualificaciones de liderazgo lo convirtieron en el candidato perfecto para el papel de gerente de equipo.

receptionist
receptionist
[Sustantivo]

a person who greets and deals with people arriving at or calling a hotel, office building, doctor's office, etc.

recepcionista

recepcionista

Ex: The receptionist at the vet clinic knows all the pets' names. 

El recepcionista de la clínica veterinaria conoce los nombres de todas las mascotas.

secretary
secretary
[Sustantivo]

someone who works in an office as someone's assistance, dealing with mail and phone calls, keeping records, making appointments, etc.

secretario

secretario

Ex: He works as a legal secretary, drafting documents and organizing case files for attorneys. 

Trabaja como secretario legal, redactando documentos y organizando archivos de casos para abogados.

salary
salary
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money we receive for doing our job, usually monthly

salario

salario

Ex: Her new job offers a higher salary. 

Su nuevo trabajo ofrece un salario más alto.

wage
wage
[Sustantivo]

money that a person earns, daily or weekly, in exchange for their work

salario

salario

Ex: The union negotiated higher wages for its members in the latest contract agreement. 

El sindicato negoció salarios más altos para sus miembros en el último acuerdo contractual.

sales assistant
sales assistant
[Sustantivo]

someone whose job involves helping and selling things to the customers and visitors of a store, etc.

vendedor, asistente de ventas

vendedor, asistente de ventas

Ex: The sales assistant provided excellent customer service, ensuring that all clients felt valued and understood. 

El asistente de ventas proporcionó un excelente servicio al cliente, asegurando que todos los clientes se sintieran valorados y comprendidos.

sales representative

a person whose job is to sell products or services for a company, usually by meeting or contacting customers

representante de ventas, agente comercial

representante de ventas, agente comercial

Ex: The new sales representative quickly exceeded his targets. 

El nuevo representante de ventas superó rápidamente sus objetivos.

crime
crime
[Sustantivo]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

crimen, delito

crimen, delito

Ex: Crime rates have been steadily declining in the city over the past decade. 

Las tasas de crimen han estado disminuyendo constantemente en la ciudad durante la última década.

to arrest
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: The authorities have the power to arrest those who are caught in the act of committing a crime. 

Las autoridades tienen el poder de arrestar a quienes son sorprendidos en el acto de cometer un crimen.

to commit
to commit
[Verbo]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

cometer

cometer

Ex: She admitted to committing perjury during the trial by providing false testimony under oath. 

Ella admitió cometer perjurio durante el juicio al proporcionar un testimonio falso bajo juramento.

community service
community service
[Sustantivo]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

servicio social

servicio social

Ex: As part of their high school curriculum, students are required to complete a certain number of hours of community service. 

Como parte de su currículo de secundaria, los estudiantes deben completar un cierto número de horas de servicio comunitario.

criminal
criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: He became a wanted criminal after escaping from custody. 

Se convirtió en un criminal buscado después de escapar de la custodia.

fine
fine
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa

multa

Ex: The fine for parking in a disabled parking spot without a permit is significant. 

La multa por estacionar en un lugar para discapacitados sin permiso es significativa.

guilty
guilty
[Adjetivo]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

culpable

culpable

Ex: Even though she was guilty of the offense, she showed remorse and sought redemption. 

Aunque era culpable del delito, mostró remordimiento y buscó redención.

innocent
innocent
[Adjetivo]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

inocente

inocente

Ex: The jury found the defendant innocent of all charges due to lack of evidence. 

El jurado encontró al acusado inocente de todos los cargos debido a la falta de pruebas.

judge
judge
[Sustantivo]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

juez

juez

Ex: He's known for being a fair and impartial judge in the courtroom. 

Es conocido por ser un juez justo e imparcial en el tribunal.

curriculum vitae
curriculum vitae
[Sustantivo]

a document that summarizes a person's academic and work history, often used in job applications or academic pursuits

currículum vitae

currículum vitae

Ex: Many employers require a CV instead of a résumé. 

Muchos empleadores requieren un currículum vitae en lugar de un resumé.

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