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Aklat Total English - Paunang Intermediate - Yunit 9 - Sanggunian

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 9 - Sanggunian sa Total English Pre-Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "flexible", "shift", "apply", atbp.

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Total English - Pre-intermediate
jury
[Pangngalan]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .Ang **hurado** ay binubuo ng mga indibidwal mula sa iba't ibang propesyon at pinagmulan.
police officer
[Pangngalan]

someone whose job is to protect people, catch criminals, and make sure that laws are obeyed

pulis, opisyal ng pulisya

pulis, opisyal ng pulisya

Ex: With a flashlight in hand , the police officer searched for clues at the crime scene .May hawak na flashlight, ang **pulis** ay naghanap ng mga clue sa crime scene.
to sentence
[Pandiwa]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

hatulan

hatulan

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .Pagkatapos ng paglilitis, maingat na **hinatulan** ng hukom ang nahatulang mamamatay-tao.
punishment
[Pangngalan]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

parusa, paghihirap

parusa, paghihirap

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .Tinanggap niya ang kanyang **parusa** nang walang reklamo.
to steal
[Pandiwa]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

magnakaw, umit

magnakaw, umit

Ex: While we were at the party , someone was stealing valuables from the guests .Habang nasa party kami, may isang taong **nagnanakaw** ng mga mahahalagang bagay mula sa mga bisita.
thief
[Pangngalan]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

magnanakaw, kawatan

magnanakaw, kawatan

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .Sinubukan ng **magnanakaw** na tumakas sa eskinita, ngunit mabilis na nahuli siya ng pulisya.
victim
[Pangngalan]

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

biktima

biktima

Ex: Support groups for victims of crime provide resources and a safe space to share their experiences .Ang mga support group para sa mga **biktima** ng krimen ay nagbibigay ng mga mapagkukunan at ligtas na espasyo para ibahagi ang kanilang mga karanasan.
witness
[Pangngalan]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

saksi, saksi sa pangyayari

saksi, saksi sa pangyayari

Ex: The only witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .Ang tanging **saksi** sa krimen ay nag-atubiling magsalita dahil sa takot para sa kanilang kaligtasan.
flexible
[pang-uri]

capable of adjusting easily to different situations, circumstances, or needs

nababaluktot, naaangkop

nababaluktot, naaangkop

Ex: His flexible attitude made it easy for friends to rely on him in tough times .Ang kanyang **flexible** na ugali ay nagpadali para sa mga kaibigan na umasa sa kanya sa mga mahihirap na panahon.
training
[Pangngalan]

the process during which someone learns the skills needed in order to do a particular job

pagsasanay, pagsasanay

pagsasanay, pagsasanay

Ex: Military training prepares soldiers for various combat scenarios.Ang **pagsasanay** militar ay naghahanda sa mga sundalo para sa iba't ibang senaryo ng labanan.
uniform
[Pangngalan]

the special set of clothes that all members of an organization or a group wear at work, or children wear at a particular school

uniporme

uniporme

Ex: The students wear a school uniform every day .Ang mga estudyante ay nagsusuot ng **uniporme** sa paaralan araw-araw.
shift
[Pangngalan]

the period of time when a group of people work during the day or night

shift, turno

shift, turno

Ex: They are hiring additional staff for the holiday shift.Sila'y nagha-hire ng karagdagang staff para sa **shift** ng piyesta.
to apply
[Pandiwa]

to formally request something, such as a place at a university, a job, etc.

mag-apply,  magsumite ng aplikasyon

mag-apply, magsumite ng aplikasyon

Ex: As the deadline approached , more candidates began to apply for the available positions .Habang papalapit ang deadline, mas maraming kandidato ang nagsimulang **mag-apply** para sa mga posisyong available.
to offer
[Pandiwa]

to present or propose something to someone

mag-alok, maghandog

mag-alok, maghandog

Ex: He generously offered his time and expertise to mentor aspiring entrepreneurs .Malugod niyang **inialok** ang kanyang oras at ekspertisya upang maging gabay sa mga nagnanais na maging negosyante.
to promote
[Pandiwa]

to move to a higher position or rank

itaas, promote

itaas, promote

Ex: After the successful project , he was promoted to vice president .Matapos ang matagumpay na proyekto, siya ay **na-promote** bilang bise presidente.
to interview
[Pandiwa]

to ask someone questions to see whether they are qualified for a course of study, job, etc.

interbyu, mag-interbyu

interbyu, mag-interbyu

Ex: The committee plans to interview all shortlisted candidates next week .Plano ng komite na **interbyuhin** ang lahat ng mga napiling kandidato sa susunod na linggo.
to resign
[Pandiwa]

to officially announce one's departure from a job, position, etc.

magbitiw, umalis sa tungkulin

magbitiw, umalis sa tungkulin

Ex: They resigned from the committee in protest of the decision .**Nagbitiw** sila sa komite bilang protesta sa desisyon.
to run
[Pandiwa]

to own, manage, or organize something such as a business, campaign, a group of animals, etc.

pamahalaan, patakbuhin

pamahalaan, patakbuhin

Ex: They run a herd of camels for desert expeditions .Sila ay **nagpapatakbo** ng isang kawan ng mga kamelyo para sa mga ekspedisyon sa disyerto.
bonus
[Pangngalan]

the extra money that we get, besides our salary, as a reward

bonus,  pabuya

bonus, pabuya

Ex: With her end-of-year bonus, she bought a new car .Sa kanyang **bonus** sa katapusan ng taon, bumili siya ng bagong kotse.
commission
[Pangngalan]

a sum of money paid to someone based on the value or quantity of goods they sell

komisyon,  porsyento

komisyon, porsyento

Ex: The company offers commission-based pay to its sales team.Ang kumpanya ay nag-aalok ng bayad na batay sa **komisyon** sa kanyang sales team.
employee
[Pangngalan]

someone who is paid by another to work for them

empleado, manggagawa

empleado, manggagawa

Ex: The hardworking employee received a promotion for their exceptional performance .Ang masipag na **empleyado** ay nakatanggap ng promosyon para sa kanilang pambihirang pagganap.
employer
[Pangngalan]

a person or organization that hires and pays individuals for a variety of jobs

employer, amo

employer, amo

Ex: The employer conducted background checks and interviews to ensure they hired qualified candidates for the job .Ang **employer** ay nagsagawa ng background checks at mga interbyu upang matiyak na sila ay kumuha ng mga kwalipikadong kandidato para sa trabaho.
experience
[Pangngalan]

the skill and knowledge we gain from doing, feeling, or seeing things

karanasan

karanasan

Ex: Life experience teaches us valuable lessons that we carry with us throughout our lives .Ang **karanasan** sa buhay ay nagtuturo sa atin ng mahahalagang aral na dala-dala natin sa buong buhay natin.
interviewee
[Pangngalan]

someone who answers the questions during an interview

kinakapanayam, kandidato

kinakapanayam, kandidato

Ex: The interviewee's responses were well-received by the hiring committee .Ang mga sagot ng **interbyuado** ay maganda ang naging reception ng hiring committee.
interviewer
[Pangngalan]

a person who asks questions to obtain information from someone in an interview, usually to evaluate their qualifications, opinions, or experiences

tagapanayam, interbyuwer

tagapanayam, interbyuwer

Ex: The interviewer explained the next steps in the hiring process .Ipinaliwanag ng **tagapanayam** ang susunod na mga hakbang sa proseso ng pagkuha.
managing director
[Pangngalan]

a senior executive or business leader who is responsible for the overall management and direction of a company or organization

tagapamahalang direktor, manedyer

tagapamahalang direktor, manedyer

Ex: As managing director, he oversees all company operations .Bilang **managing director**, pinangangasiwaan niya ang lahat ng operasyon ng kumpanya.
qualification
[Pangngalan]

a skill or personal quality that makes someone suitable for a particular job or activity

kasanayan, kwalipikasyon

kasanayan, kwalipikasyon

Ex: The university accepts students with the appropriate qualifications in science for the advanced research program .Tinatanggap ng unibersidad ang mga mag-aaral na may angkop na **kwalipikasyon** sa agham para sa advanced na programa ng pananaliksik.
receptionist
[Pangngalan]

a person who greets and deals with people arriving at or calling a hotel, office building, doctor's office, etc.

receptionist, tagapag-reception

receptionist, tagapag-reception

Ex: You should ask the receptionist for directions to the conference room .Dapat mong tanungin ang **receptionist** para sa direksyon papunta sa conference room.
secretary
[Pangngalan]

someone who works in an office as someone's assistance, dealing with mail and phone calls, keeping records, making appointments, etc.

kalihim, administratibong katulong

kalihim, administratibong katulong

Ex: He relies on his secretary to prioritize tasks and keep his calendar up-to-date .Umaasa siya sa kanyang **kalihim** para i-prioritize ang mga gawain at panatilihing updated ang kanyang kalendaryo.
salary
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money we receive for doing our job, usually monthly

suweldo

suweldo

Ex: The company announced a salary raise for all employees .Inanunsyo ng kumpanya ang pagtaas ng **suweldo** para sa lahat ng empleyado.
wage
[Pangngalan]

money that a person earns, daily or weekly, in exchange for their work

sahod, suweldo

sahod, suweldo

Ex: The government implemented policies to ensure fair wages and improve living standards for workers.Nagpatupad ang gobyerno ng mga patakaran upang matiyak ang patas na **sahod** at mapabuti ang pamantayan ng pamumuhay ng mga manggagawa.
sales assistant
[Pangngalan]

someone whose job involves helping and selling things to the customers and visitors of a store, etc.

katulong sa pagbebenta, sales assistant

katulong sa pagbebenta, sales assistant

Ex: He was promoted to senior sales assistant after consistently meeting his sales targets and demonstrating leadership skills .Siya ay na-promote bilang **senior sales assistant** matapos na palaging makamit ang kanyang mga target sa pagbebenta at ipakita ang mga kasanayan sa pamumuno.

a person whose job is to sell products or services for a company, usually by meeting or contacting customers

kinatawan ng pagbebenta, ahente ng komersyo

kinatawan ng pagbebenta, ahente ng komersyo

Ex: The sales representative gave a detailed presentation about the product .Ang **sales representative** ay nagbigay ng detalyadong presentasyon tungkol sa produkto.
crime
[Pangngalan]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

krimen,  kasalanan

krimen, kasalanan

Ex: The increase in violent crime has made residents feel unsafe .Ang pagtaas ng marahas na **krimen** ay nagpafeeling unsafe sa mga residente.
to arrest
[Pandiwa]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arestuhin

arestuhin

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .Kasalukuyang **inaaresto** ng mga awtoridad ang mga suspek sa lugar ng krimen.
to commit
[Pandiwa]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

gumawa, isagawa

gumawa, isagawa

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .Nahuli ang hacker dahil sa **pagkasala** ng mga cybercrime, kasama ang hindi awtorisadong pag-access sa sensitibong impormasyon.
community service
[Pangngalan]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

serbisyo sa komunidad, boluntaryong trabaho

serbisyo sa komunidad, boluntaryong trabaho

Ex: He found fulfillment in community service, knowing that his efforts were making a positive impact on those in need .Nakita niya ang kasiyahan sa **serbisyong pangkomunidad**, na alam niyang ang kanyang mga pagsisikap ay may positibong epekto sa mga nangangailangan.
criminal
[Pangngalan]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

kriminal, salarin

kriminal, salarin

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .Aminado ang **kriminal** sa pagnanakaw sa bangko.
fine
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa, parusa

multa, parusa

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .Ang hukom ay nagpataw ng **multa** sa kumpanya para sa mga paglabag sa kapaligiran.
guilty
[pang-uri]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

may-sala, responsable

may-sala, responsable

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .Natagpuan ng hurado ang akusado na **nagkasala** sa krimen batay sa ebidensyang iniharap.
innocent
[pang-uri]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

walang kasalanan, hindi nagkasala

walang kasalanan, hindi nagkasala

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .Ang **inosenteng** driver ay hindi kasalanan sa aksidente sa kotse na dulot ng kapabayaan ng ibang driver.
judge
[Pangngalan]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

hukom, magistrado

hukom, magistrado

Ex: She retired after serving as a judge for over thirty years .Nagretiro siya matapos maglingkod bilang **hukom** sa loob ng mahigit tatlumpung taon.
curriculum vitae
[Pangngalan]

a document that summarizes a person's academic and work history, often used in job applications or academic pursuits

curriculum vitae

curriculum vitae

Ex: The university asked for a curriculum vitae along with the application .Hiniling ng unibersidad ang isang **curriculum vitae** kasama ng aplikasyon.
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