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فهرست واژگان سطح C2 - زمینه‌ها و مطالعات علمی

در اینجا تمام کلمات ضروری برای صحبت در مورد زمینه‌ها و مطالعات علمی را یاد خواهید گرفت، که به طور خاص برای زبان‌آموزان سطح C2 جمع‌آوری شده‌اند.

مرور

فلش‌کارت‌ها

املای کلمه

آزمون

شروع یادگیری
CEFR C2 Vocabulary
climatology
climatology
[اسم]

the scientific study of climates, including long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, and other atmospheric conditions

اقلیم‌شناسی

اقلیم‌شناسی

Ex: Climatology explores the average weather conditions in a region over extended periods. 
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cybernetics
cybernetics
[اسم]

the study of how communication and control work in living organisms and machines, focusing on information flow, feedback, and system regulation

سایبرنتیک

سایبرنتیک

Ex: Cybernetics examines how the human brain processes information and controls various bodily functions. 
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kinesiology
kinesiology
[اسم]

the scientific study of human movement, encompassing the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics involved in physical activity

حرکت‌شناسی

حرکت‌شناسی

Ex: Physical therapists use principles from kinesiology to design rehabilitation programs tailored to individual movement patterns. 
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astrophysics
astrophysics
[اسم]

the branch of physics that studies celestial objects and phenomena in the universe, such as stars, galaxies, and cosmic radiation

فیزیک نجومی

فیزیک نجومی

Ex: She decided to pursue a Ph.D. in astrophysics to study the formation and evolution of galaxies. 
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quantum mechanics

the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of particles at the smallest scales, governed by principles such as superposition and uncertainty

مکانیک کوانتومی

مکانیک کوانتومی

Ex: Quantum mechanics explains how atoms and molecules behave. 
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neurophysiology

the branch of physiology concerning with the functioning of the nervous system

فیزیولوژی عصبی

فیزیولوژی عصبی

Ex: The study of neurophysiology helps scientists understand how nerve cells communicate and how brain activity translates to behavior and cognition. 
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genetic engineering

the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

مهندسی ژنتیک, اصلاح ژنتیکی

مهندسی ژنتیک, اصلاح ژنتیکی

Ex: Genetic engineering has enabled scientists to create crops that are resistant to pests and diseases, improving agricultural yields. 
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quantum field theory

a physics framework describing forces and particles as interactions within fields

نظریه میدان کوانتومی

نظریه میدان کوانتومی

Ex: Quantum field theory explains the behavior of particles and forces. 
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molecular genetics

the branch of biology that focuses on the study of the structure and function of genes at the molecular level

ژنتیک مولکولی

ژنتیک مولکولی

Ex: Molecular genetics explores how genes work at the molecular level. 
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cognitive neuroscience

the study of how the brain processes thoughts and behaviors

علوم اعصاب شناختی

علوم اعصاب شناختی

Ex: Cognitive neuroscience examines how the brain creates thoughts. 
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paleontology
paleontology
[اسم]

the branch of science that studies fossils

دیرین‌شناسی

دیرین‌شناسی

Ex: Paleontology has revealed fascinating details about the prehistoric creatures that roamed the Earth millions of years ago. 
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immunology
immunology
[اسم]

the branch of medical science that is concerned with the components of the body's immune system

ایمنی‌شناسی, ایمونولوژی

ایمنی‌شناسی, ایمونولوژی

Ex: Immunology is a critical field of study that focuses on understanding the immune system and how it defends the body against infections and diseases. 
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epidemiology
epidemiology
[اسم]

the branch in medicine that primarily focuses on the distribution and control of diseases

همه‌گیرشناسی, اپیدمیولوژی

همه‌گیرشناسی, اپیدمیولوژی

Ex: Epidemiology is essential for understanding the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in populations. 
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seismology
seismology
[اسم]

the scientific study of earthquakes and seismic waves, providing insights into Earth's interior, tectonic plate movement, and earthquake hazards

زلزله‌شناسی

زلزله‌شناسی

Ex: Seismology helps researchers monitor and understand the seismic activity along fault lines. 
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volcanology
volcanology
[اسم]

a branch of geology that focuses on the study of volcanoes, volcanic activity, and related phenomena

آتشفشان‌شناسی

آتشفشان‌شناسی

Ex: Scientists in volcanology study lava flows and volcanic ash. 
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hydrology
hydrology
[اسم]

the discipline that focuses on the study of water distribution, movement, and quality on Earth's surface and underground

آب‌شناسی, هیدرولوژی

آب‌شناسی, هیدرولوژی

Ex: Researchers use hydrology to assess water availability and quality. 
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ethology
ethology
[اسم]

the discipline that focuses on the scientific study of animal behavior, including its evolutionary origins and ecological significance

رفتارشناسی جانوری

رفتارشناسی جانوری

Ex: Ethology studies how animals behave in their natural environments. 
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endocrinology

the branch of medicine and physiology dealing with the endocrine system that controls the hormones in one's body

درون ریزشناسی, مطالعه بر غدد درون‌ریز و متابولیسم

درون ریزشناسی, مطالعه بر غدد درون‌ریز و متابولیسم

Ex: Endocrinology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the study and treatment of hormone-related disorders. 
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virology
virology
[اسم]

the branch of medical science that primarily focuses on the study of viruses and virus-like agents

ویروس‌شناسی

ویروس‌شناسی

Ex: Virology is the study of viruses and how they infect and interact with host organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. 
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entomology
entomology
[اسم]

a branch of zoology concerning the scientific study of insects

حشره‌شناسی

حشره‌شناسی

Ex: Entomology, the study of insects, provides valuable insights into the roles these creatures play in ecosystems and their impact on human activities. 
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ornithology
ornithology
[اسم]

a branch of zoology concerning the scientific study of birds

پرنده‌شناسی

پرنده‌شناسی

Ex: Ornithology, the study of birds, helps scientists understand avian behavior, migration patterns, and the ecological roles of birds in various habitats. 
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herpetology
herpetology
[اسم]

the branch of zoology that focuses on the study of reptiles and amphibians

خزنده‌شناسی

خزنده‌شناسی

Ex: The focus of herpetology is understanding the physiology of crocodiles. 
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ichthyology
ichthyology
[اسم]

the scientific study of fish including their biology, behavior, classification etc.

ماهی‌شناسی

ماهی‌شناسی

Ex: The researcher's expertise in ichthyology contributed to a comprehensive understanding of the local fish species. 
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oncology
oncology
[اسم]

a branch of medical science that specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer

سرطان‌شناسی, انکولوژی

سرطان‌شناسی, انکولوژی

Ex: Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer. 
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limnology
limnology
[اسم]

the study of inland aquatic ecosystems, including lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands

آبگیرشناسی, لیمنولوژی

آبگیرشناسی, لیمنولوژی

Ex: Limnology investigates the health of freshwater ecosystems. 
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pathology
pathology
[اسم]

a branch of medical science primarily focusing on the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury

آسیب‌شناسی, پاتولوژی

آسیب‌شناسی, پاتولوژی

Ex: The hospital offers specialized services in pathology, including the analysis of tissue samples for diagnostic purposes. 
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pneumatics
pneumatics
[اسم]

a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

پنوماتیک, علم خواص هوا و گازها

پنوماتیک, علم خواص هوا و گازها

Ex: Pneumatics is commonly used in industries for operating tools and machinery using compressed air. 
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epistemology
epistemology
[اسم]

the branch of philosophy that studies the nature, sources, and limits of knowledge

معرفت‌شناسی, شناخت‌شناسی

معرفت‌شناسی, شناخت‌شناسی

Ex: Epistemology asks how we can know anything with certainty. 
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genealogy
genealogy
[اسم]

the study of family lineages and the history of descent

شجره‌شناسی, مطالعه مربوط به نسب

شجره‌شناسی, مطالعه مربوط به نسب

Ex: Thanks to advancements in technology and online databases, conducting genealogy research has become more accessible to individuals interested in their family history. 
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histology
histology
[اسم]

the branch of biology that focuses on the microscopic study of tissues and cells to understand their structure, function, and organization

بافت‌شناسی

بافت‌شناسی

Ex: Histology examines the structure of tissues under a microscope. 
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