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C2级单词表 - 科学领域与研究

在这里,您将学习所有关于科学领域和研究的必备词汇,这些词汇是专门为C2级别的学习者收集的。

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
climatology
[名词]

the scientific study of climates, including long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, and other atmospheric conditions

气候学, 气候研究

气候学, 气候研究

Ex: The study of climatology is essential for assessing the risk of natural disasters such as hurricanes and droughts .**气候学**的研究对于评估飓风和干旱等自然灾害的风险至关重要。
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cybernetics
[名词]

the study of how communication and control work in living organisms and machines, focusing on information flow, feedback, and system regulation

控制论, 研究控制和通信系统的学科

控制论, 研究控制和通信系统的学科

Ex: Cybernetic principles are employed in artificial intelligence systems to enhance learning and problem-solving capabilities.**控制论**原理被应用于人工智能系统中,以增强学习和解决问题的能力。
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kinesiology
[名词]

the scientific study of human movement, encompassing the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics involved in physical activity

运动机能学, 人体运动的科学研究

运动机能学, 人体运动的科学研究

Ex: Research in kinesiology informs healthcare practices , helping professionals understand movement disorders and develop effective interventions .**运动机能学**的研究为医疗实践提供信息,帮助专业人士理解运动障碍并制定有效的干预措施。
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astrophysics
[名词]

the branch of physics that studies celestial objects and phenomena in the universe, such as stars, galaxies, and cosmic radiation

天体物理学

天体物理学

Ex: The groundbreaking discoveries in astrophysics have revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos and our place within it .**天体物理学**中的突破性发现彻底改变了我们对宇宙及我们在其中位置的理解。
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the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of particles at the smallest scales, governed by principles such as superposition and uncertainty

量子力学

量子力学

Ex: Understanding quantum mechanics is essential for advances in computing .理解**量子力学**对于计算技术的进步至关重要。
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the branch of physiology concerning with the functioning of the nervous system

神经生理学, 神经系统生理学

神经生理学, 神经系统生理学

Ex: The neurophysiology course covers topics such as neural signaling , sensory systems , and motor control , providing a comprehensive overview of how the nervous system functions .**神经生理学**课程涵盖了神经信号传递、感觉系统和运动控制等主题,全面概述了神经系统的功能。
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the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information

基因工程, 基因改造

基因工程, 基因改造

Ex: Genetic engineering in medicine has led to the development of personalized therapies that target specific genetic mutations in patients .医学中的**基因工程**导致了针对患者特定基因突变的个性化疗法的发展。
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a physics framework describing forces and particles as interactions within fields

量子场论, 场的量子理论

量子场论, 场的量子理论

Ex: Quantum field theory provides a mathematical framework for particle interactions .**量子场论**为粒子相互作用提供了一个数学框架。
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the branch of biology that focuses on the study of the structure and function of genes at the molecular level

分子遗传学

分子遗传学

Ex: Understanding molecular genetics is essential for advancements in genetic engineering .理解**分子遗传学**对于基因工程的进步至关重要。
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the study of how the brain processes thoughts and behaviors

认知神经科学, 大脑认知科学

认知神经科学, 大脑认知科学

Ex: The goal of cognitive neuroscience is to uncover the brain 's inner workings .**认知神经科学**的目标是揭示大脑的内部运作。
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paleontology
[名词]

the branch of science that studies fossils

古生物学

古生物学

Ex: Through paleontology, researchers have gained insights into the mass extinction events that have shaped the history of life on our planet .通过**古生物学**,研究人员对塑造我们星球生命历史的大规模灭绝事件有了深入的了解。
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immunology
[名词]

the branch of medical science that is concerned with the components of the body's immune system

免疫学, 免疫科学

免疫学, 免疫科学

Ex: Studying immunology has provided valuable insights into how allergic reactions occur and how they can be prevented or managed .研究**免疫学**为了解过敏反应如何发生以及如何预防或管理提供了宝贵的见解。
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epidemiology
[名词]

the branch in medicine that primarily focuses on the distribution and control of diseases

流行病学

流行病学

Ex: Epidemiology studies have shown that lifestyle factors , such as diet and exercise , play a significant role in the prevention of many diseases .**流行病学**研究表明,饮食和运动等生活方式因素在预防许多疾病方面起着重要作用。
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seismology
[名词]

the scientific study of earthquakes and seismic waves, providing insights into Earth's interior, tectonic plate movement, and earthquake hazards

地震学, 地震研究

地震学, 地震研究

Ex: The principles of seismology are applied to investigate the effects of earthquakes on structures and infrastructure .**地震学**的原理被应用于研究地震对结构和基础设施的影响。
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volcanology
[名词]

a branch of geology that focuses on the study of volcanoes, volcanic activity, and related phenomena

火山学, 火山研究

火山学, 火山研究

Ex: Volcanology helps predict volcanic eruptions and their impacts .**火山学**有助于预测火山喷发及其影响。
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hydrology
[名词]

the discipline that focuses on the study of water distribution, movement, and quality on Earth's surface and underground

水文学, 水的科学

水文学, 水的科学

Ex: Hydrology studies the movement of water in rivers and streams .**水文学**研究河流和溪流中水的运动。
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ethology
[名词]

the discipline that focuses on the scientific study of animal behavior, including its evolutionary origins and ecological significance

动物行为学, 行为生物学

动物行为学, 行为生物学

Ex: The field of ethology investigates mating rituals and communication among animals .**动物行为学**领域研究动物之间的交配仪式和交流。
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the branch of medicine and physiology dealing with the endocrine system that controls the hormones in one's body

内分泌学

内分泌学

Ex: A career in endocrinology requires a deep understanding of the endocrine system , including glands like the pituitary , thyroid , and pancreas .**内分泌学**的职业需要对内分泌系统有深刻的理解,包括垂体、甲状腺和胰腺等腺体。
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virology
[名词]

the branch of medical science that primarily focuses on the study of viruses and virus-like agents

病毒学

病毒学

Ex: Students studying virology learn about various viral pathogens , diagnostic techniques , and strategies for preventing and treating viral infections .学习**病毒学**的学生会了解各种病毒病原体、诊断技术以及预防和治疗病毒感染的策略。
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entomology
[名词]

a branch of zoology concerning the scientific study of insects

昆虫学, 昆虫研究

昆虫学, 昆虫研究

Ex: Entomologists study the interactions between insects and their environments, contributing to conservation efforts and biodiversity assessments.**昆虫学家**研究昆虫与其环境之间的相互作用,为保护工作和生物多样性评估做出贡献。
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ornithology
[名词]

a branch of zoology concerning the scientific study of birds

鸟类学, 鸟类研究

鸟类学, 鸟类研究

Ex: Ornithologists often use bird banding as a method to track migration routes and gather data on bird populations and health.**鸟类学家**经常使用鸟类环志作为追踪迁徙路线和收集鸟类种群及健康数据的方法。
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herpetology
[名词]

the branch of zoology that focuses on the study of reptiles and amphibians

爬虫学

爬虫学

Ex: Researchers use herpetology to understand amphibian adaptations to aquatic environments .研究人员使用**爬虫学**来理解两栖动物对水生环境的适应。
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ichthyology
[名词]

the scientific study of fish including their biology, behavior, classification etc.

鱼类学

鱼类学

Ex: The professor 's groundbreaking research in ichthyology led to the discovery of a new fish species in the river .教授在**鱼类学**方面的开创性研究导致在河流中发现了一种新的鱼类。
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oncology
[名词]

a branch of medical science that specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer

肿瘤学

肿瘤学

Ex: The oncology research center is dedicated to finding new treatments and therapies to improve outcomes for cancer patients and ultimately find a cure for the disease .**肿瘤学**研究中心致力于寻找新的治疗方法和疗法,以改善癌症患者的治疗效果,并最终找到治愈该疾病的方法。
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limnology
[名词]

the study of inland aquatic ecosystems, including lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands

湖沼学, 内陆水生生态系统研究

湖沼学, 内陆水生生态系统研究

Ex: Limnology contributes to managing and restoring degraded water bodies .**湖沼学**有助于管理和恢复退化的水体。
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pathology
[名词]

a branch of medical science primarily focusing on the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury

病理学

病理学

Ex: The pathologist specializes in forensic pathology, examining evidence from crime scenes to determine the cause of death.**病理学家**专攻法医病理学,检查犯罪现场的证据以确定死因。
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pneumatics
[名词]

a branch of engineering and physics that deals with the mechanical properties of gases, especially air, and the application of pressurized air to produce motion or mechanical effects

气动, 气动学

气动, 气动学

Ex: Pneumatics is a key component in the field of fluid power , providing a clean and reliable source of energy for various applications .**气动学**是流体动力领域的关键组成部分,为各种应用提供清洁可靠的能源。
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epistemology
[名词]

the branch of philosophy in which knowledge is studied

认识论, 知识论

认识论, 知识论

Ex: Her paper on education reform addressed not just policies but underlying issues in the philosophy of knowledge and epistemology.她关于教育改革的论文不仅讨论了政策,还讨论了知识哲学和**认识论**中的根本问题。
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genealogy
[名词]

the study of family lineages and the history of descent

家谱学

家谱学

Ex: Genealogy websites and DNA tests have become popular tools for individuals interested in exploring their family history .**家谱**网站和DNA测试已成为对探索家族历史感兴趣的人们的流行工具。
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histology
[名词]

the branch of biology that focuses on the microscopic study of tissues and cells to understand their structure, function, and organization

组织学

组织学

Ex: Histology contributes to advancements in medical research and treatment .**组织学**有助于医学研究和治疗的进步。
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C2级单词表
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