کمبریج آیلتس 16 - آکادمیک - آزمون 4 - شنیداری - بخش 4

farming and its science

(of a material or substance) to extend or apply evenly across an area or object

to reduce the amount, size, or number of something

(of a bird or animal) Unable to fly

to reside in a specific place

to make something stable, secure, or permanent in a specific place or position

not able to be depended on or trusted to perform consistently or fulfill obligations

the parts of the body that are soft and flexible, such as muscles, fat, skin, and organs, not bones or hard structures

an example of a certain kind of situation

a situation in which a particular animal or plant no longer exists

to have a connection with a particular person or thing

a person who is a member of a ship's crew

a type of dried plant with a pleasant smell used to add taste or color to the food

favorable or well-suited for a specific purpose or situation

to gather something in large amounts to keep for future use, sale, or for a particular occasion

a long journey taken on a ship or spacecraft

to go and reside in a place as a permanent home

to establish a fresh entity, such as a company, system, or organization

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

a person or animal that resides in a particular place

an item that provides lasting evidence or information about past events, actions, or conditions

to cause something to remain in its original state without any significant change

a representative or characteristic sample that is examined or analyzed to gain insights or understanding of a particular group or category

to no longer be able be found or located, often leading to frustration

a sample, showing what the rest of the data is typically like

someone or something that is being described, discussed, or dealt with

a detailed record or narrative description of events that have occurred

doing things or moving in a way that lacks control and care, usually causing accidents

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

to make use of something for a particular purpose

not level, smooth, or uniform in shape or texture

a methodical examination of the whole structure of something and the relation between its components

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

to confirm a statement or claim by providing evidence

referring to or concerning a particular topic, subject, or context

a part of a living organism that is made up of cells and is designed to perform a specific function

to a degree that is higher than usual

created, built, or improved to a more advanced state

to discover the exact position or place of something or someone

(of fruit or crop) fully developed and ready for consumption

(of plants) existing and growing densely close together with little space in between, creating a lush and impenetrable area

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

at the initial state, purpose, or condition of something before any changes occurred

involving many different parts or elements that make something difficult to understand or deal with

someone or something that is possible to cause danger, trouble, or harm

in a way that is done consciously and intentionally

in a way that is very quick and often unexpected

to invade or overwhelm with a large number, surpassing defenses

to disturb or interrupt the normal function or order of something

the relation between plants and animals to each other and their environment

going beyond what is typical or expected

to eat or drink something

causing severe damage, destruction, or emotional distress

a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area

(of plants or animals) not originally from the region or environment where they are found, often introduced from other areas

a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into