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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Akademiko - Pagsusulit 3 - Pakikinig - Bahagi 4 (2)

Matuto ng bokabularyo mula sa ikalawang bahagi ng Cambridge IELTS 19 Academic, Test 3 Listening Part 4, kasama ang mga kapaki-pakinabang na salita at expression mula sa seksyong ito.

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Pagsusulit

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Cambridge IELTS 19 - Academic
biodegradable
biodegradable
[pang-uri]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

nabubulok

nabubulok

Ex: Biodegradable food waste can be composted and turned into nutrient-rich soil. 
conventional
conventional
[pang-uri]

generally accepted and followed by many people

kumbensiyonal, tradisyonal

kumbensiyonal, tradisyonal

Ex: In many cultures, it is conventional for brides to wear white dresses on their wedding day. 

Sa maraming kultura, kaugalian na ang mga nobya ay magsuot ng puting damit sa kanilang araw ng kasal.

to ingest
to ingest
[Pandiwa]

to take food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it

lunok, sipsipin

lunok, sipsipin

Ex: Animals often ingest various plants and herbs as part of their diet in the wild. 

Madalas na nilulunok ng mga hayop ang iba't ibang halaman at damo bilang bahagi ng kanilang diyeta sa ligaw.

to [lose] weight
to lose weight
[Parirala]

to reduce one's body mass or overall body weight

Ex: She decided to adopt a healthier diet and exercise routine to lose weight. 
rapidly
rapidly
[pang-abay]

in a way that is very quick and often unexpected

mabilis, nang mabilis

mabilis, nang mabilis

Ex: The river flowed rapidly after heavy rainfall. 

Ang ilog ay dumaloy mabilis pagkatapos ng malakas na ulan.

seed
seed
[Pangngalan]

a small living part of a plant that when put in the ground, grows into a new one

buto, binhi

buto, binhi

Ex: The gardener carefully planted seeds in the fertile soil, eager to watch them grow into vibrant flowers. 
to germinate
to germinate
[Pandiwa]

to start to grow, producing buds or branches

tumubo, sumibol

tumubo, sumibol

Ex: With the arrival of spring, the trees started to germinate, displaying their fresh buds. 

Sa pagdating ng tagsibol, ang mga puno ay nagsimulang tumubo, na nagpapakita ng kanilang mga sariwang usbong.

to conclude
to conclude
[Pandiwa]

to draw a logical inference or outcome based on established premises or evidence

magpasya,  humatol

magpasya, humatol

Ex: From her observations of the animal's behavior, the biologist concluded that it was preparing for hibernation. 
unable
unable
[pang-uri]

being incapable of or lacking the skill, means, etc. necessary for doing something

hindi makakaya, walang kakayahan

hindi makakaya, walang kakayahan

Ex: She was unable to attend the meeting due to a scheduling conflict. 

Hindi siya nakadalo sa pulong dahil sa isang pagkakasalungat sa iskedyul.

role
role
[Pangngalan]

what something is used for

papel, tungkulin

papel, tungkulin

Ex: The main role of the filter is to remove impurities from the water. 
to attribute
to attribute
[Pandiwa]

to think or say that something is caused by a certain thing

iugnay, ipatungkol

iugnay, ipatungkol

Ex: The decline in sales can be attributed to the recent economic downturn. 
mainly
mainly
[pang-abay]

more than any other thing

pangunahin, lalo na

pangunahin, lalo na

Ex: The event was mainly attended by professionals from the tech industry. 

Ang kaganapan ay pangunahing dinaluhan ng mga propesyonal mula sa tech industry.

conclusion
conclusion
[Pangngalan]

a decision reached after thoroughly considering all relevant information

konklusyon, desisyon

konklusyon, desisyon

Ex: The committee's conclusion was to approve the new policy. 
to make for
to make for
[Pandiwa]

to lead to a particular outcome or situation

humantong sa, magresulta sa

humantong sa, magresulta sa

Ex: A lack of trust makes for a shaky foundation in any relationship. 

Ang kakulangan ng tiwala nagdudulot ng mahinang pundasyon sa anumang relasyon.

reference
reference
[Pangngalan]

a work containing useful information on a particular subject, often consulted for guidance or clarification

sanggunian, aklat sanggunian

sanggunian, aklat sanggunian

Ex: He cited the reference in his research paper. 
session
session
[Pangngalan]

a scheduled period of teaching, instruction, or learning activities conducted within a defined timeframe

sesyon, klase

sesyon, klase

Ex: The afternoon session began with a hands-on laboratory experiment to reinforce concepts learned earlier in the day. 
to summarize
to summarize
[Pandiwa]

to give a short and simplified version that covers the main points of something

buod, sumaryo

buod, sumaryo

Ex: The journalist wrote an article to summarize the events of the protest for the newspaper. 
to propose
to propose
[Pandiwa]

to put forward a suggestion, plan, or idea for consideration

magmungkahi, magpanukala

magmungkahi, magpanukala

Ex: The company's CEO proposed a merger with a competitor, believing it would create synergies and improve market share. 
to regard
to regard
[Pandiwa]

to think about someone or something in a specified way

itinuturing, pinahahalagahan

itinuturing, pinahahalagahan

Ex: She regards her colleagues as valuable contributors to the team. 
process
process
[Pangngalan]

a natural extension or projection from a part of an animal or plant organism

usli, proseso

usli, proseso

Ex: Tendons attach to the bony processes. 
implication
implication
[Pangngalan]

a possible consequence that something can bring about

implikasyon,  bunga

implikasyon, bunga

Ex: His decision to cut costs has serious implications for employee morale. 
dependent on
dependent on
[pang-uri]

being determined by conditions or circumstances that follow

nakadepende sa,  nakasailalim sa

nakadepende sa, nakasailalim sa

to decay
to decay
[Pandiwa]

to rot or break down gradually through natural processes

mabulok,  mabulok

mabulok, mabulok

Ex: Fallen leaves decay quickly in the warm, damp soil. 
to pass through

to go or move from one place to another, often without stopping or staying for long

dumaan, lumagos

dumaan, lumagos

Ex: On our road trip, we passed through several small towns. 

Sa aming road trip, dumaan kami sa ilang maliliit na bayan.

impoverished
impoverished
[pang-uri]

having a limited number of species or individuals within a particular ecosystem or population

naghirap, kumonti

naghirap, kumonti

Ex: Pollution in the river resulted in an impoverished aquatic ecosystem, causing a decline in the number and variety of fish and other aquatic organisms. 

Ang polusyon sa ilog ay nagresulta sa isang naghirap na aquatic ecosystem, na nagdulot ng pagbaba sa bilang at iba't ibang isda at iba pang mga aquatic organism.

presence
presence
[Pangngalan]

the state or fact of existing or occurring somewhere

presensya, pagkakaroon

presensya, pagkakaroon

Ex: His presence in the room immediately changed the mood. 
ecosystem
ecosystem
[Pangngalan]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

Ex: Coral reefs are diverse ecosystems that support a wide range of marine life. 

Ang mga coral reef ay iba't ibang ecosystem na sumusuporta sa malawak na hanay ng buhay dagat.

fiber
fiber
[Pangngalan]

a thin, threadlike strand of natural or synthetic material, especially one used to make fabric, rope, or similar products

hibla,  himaymay

hibla, himaymay

Ex: Cotton fibers are spun together to make thread. 
washing
washing
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of cleaning something with water and usually soap or another cleaning substance

paglalaba, paghuhugas

paglalaba, paghuhugas

Ex: Frequent washing can damage delicate fabrics. 
breakdown
breakdown
[Pangngalan]

the process by which organic material is chemically or biologically decomposed into simpler substances

paglabulok

paglabulok

Ex: Bacteria help with the breakdown of organic matter in soil. 
industry
industry
[Pangngalan]

the manufacture of goods using raw materials, particularly in factories

industriya

industriya

Ex: The pharmaceutical industry develops medications to improve health outcomes. 
injury
injury
[Pangngalan]

any physical damage to a part of the body caused by an accident or attack

sugat, pinsala

sugat, pinsala

Ex: The soldier received an award for bravery after an injury in battle. 
food chain
food chain
[Pangngalan]

a system in nature where animals and plants depend on each other for food

kadena ng pagkain, talamak ng pagkain

kadena ng pagkain, talamak ng pagkain

Ex: The lion is at the top of the food chain in the savannah. 

Ang leon ay nasa tuktok ng kadena ng pagkain sa sabana.

banned
banned
[pang-uri]

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

ipinagbabawal,  hindi pinapayagan

ipinagbabawal, hindi pinapayagan

to carry out
to carry out
[Pandiwa]

to complete or conduct a task, job, etc.

isagawa, gawin ang isang gawain o trabaho

isagawa, gawin ang isang gawain o trabaho

Ex: The research team will carry out experiments to test the hypothesis and gather data. 

Ang pangkat ng pananaliksik ay magsasagawa ng mga eksperimento upang subukan ang hypothesis at mangolekta ng data.

digestive tract
digestive tract
[Pangngalan]

tubular passage of mucous membrane and muscle extending about 8.3 meters from mouth to anus; functions in digestion and elimination

daluyan ng pagtunaw, sistemang panunaw

daluyan ng pagtunaw, sistemang panunaw

earthworm
earthworm
[Pangngalan]

a terrestrial invertebrate of the annelid family that moves through the soil and feeds on organic matter

bulati, uod ng lupa

bulati, uod ng lupa

topsoil
topsoil
[Pangngalan]

the layer of soil on the surface

pang-ibabaw na lupa, lupang taniman

pang-ibabaw na lupa, lupang taniman

essential
essential
[pang-uri]

very necessary for a particular purpose or situation

mahalaga, kailangan

mahalaga, kailangan

Ex: Safety equipment is essential for workers in hazardous environments. 
component
component
[Pangngalan]

a part that combines with others to form a larger whole, often separable and functional within a system

sangkap, bahagi

sangkap, bahagi

Ex: The software requires several components to run smoothly. 
nutrient
nutrient
[Pangngalan]

a chemical element or inorganic compound that green plants absorb and incorporate into their organic molecules to support growth and metabolism

nutriyente, sustansyang nakapagpapalusog

nutriyente, sustansyang nakapagpapalusog

Ex: In hydroponic systems, growers routinely adjust the nutrient solution's nitrogen and potassium levels to maximize lettuce production. 

Sa mga sistemang hydroponic, ang mga magsasaka ay regular na inaayos ang mga antas ng nitrogen at potassium ng nutrisyonal na solusyon upang mapakinabangan ang produksyon ng letsugas.

thereby
thereby
[pang-abay]

used to indicate how something is achieved or the result of an action

sa gayon, kaya naman

sa gayon, kaya naman

Ex: She followed a healthy diet, thereby improving her overall well-being. 

Sumunod siya sa isang malusog na diyeta, sa gayon napabuti ang kanyang pangkalahatang kagalingan.

fertile
fertile
[pang-uri]

(of land or soil) able to produce crops or plants well

mataba

mataba

Ex: The fertile soil in the valley yielded abundant harvests of wheat and corn each year. 

Ang matabang lupa sa lambak ay nagbunga ng masaganang ani ng trigo at mais bawat taon.

to set out
to set out
[Pandiwa]

to begin doing something in order to reach a goal

magsimula, umalis

magsimula, umalis

Ex: The research team set out to discover groundbreaking findings in their field. 

Ang pangkat ng pananaliksik nagsimula upang matuklasan ang mga groundbreaking na natuklasan sa kanilang larangan.

subsequent
subsequent
[pang-uri]

occurring or coming after something else

kasunod, sumunod

kasunod, sumunod

Ex: The subsequent chapters of the book delve deeper into the protagonist's journey. 

Ang mga kasunod na kabanata ng libro ay mas malalim na tumatalakay sa paglalakbay ng pangunahing tauhan.

ingestion
ingestion
[Pangngalan]

the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)

paglunok, pagkonsumo

paglunok, pagkonsumo

growth
growth
[Pangngalan]

vegetation that has grown

pag-unlad,  halaman

pag-unlad, halaman

Ex: Thick growth covered both sides of the trail. 
to place
to place
[Pandiwa]

to put or cause someone to be in a particular position or location, especially for a specific purpose or function

ilagay

ilagay

Ex: Police placed him under arrest for vandalism. 
perennial
perennial
[pang-uri]

(of plants) lasting for several years, often returning and flowering repeatedly during its life cycle

pangmatagalan, paulit-ulit na namumulaklak

pangmatagalan, paulit-ulit na namumulaklak

Ex: Cow parsley is a common perennial that adds beauty to wildflower meadows. 

Ang cow parsley ay isang karaniwang pangmatagalan na nagdaragdag ng kagandahan sa mga wildflower meadow.

rye grass
rye grass
[Pangngalan]

any of several annual or perennial Eurasian grasses

rye grass, damong Europa

rye grass, damong Europa

polylactic acid
polylactic acid
[Pangngalan]

a plastic made from natural plants like corn or sugar, often used for bottles, containers, or 3D printing because it is light, safe, and breaks down faster than regular plastic

polylactic acid, PLA

polylactic acid, PLA

Ex: Some food containers are made of polylactic acid. 

Ang ilang mga lalagyan ng pagkain ay gawa sa polylactic acid.

high-density polyethylene

a strong, durable plastic often used for making containers, bottles, and pipes because it is resistant to chemicals and can withstand high temperatures

mataas na densidad na polyethylene, HDPE

mataas na densidad na polyethylene, HDPE

Ex: Some toys are made using high-density polyethylene. 

Ang ilang mga laruan ay ginawa gamit ang high-density polyethylene.

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