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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 8-9) - Langue

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la langue qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
apposition

(grammar) the use of two adjacent noun phrases having the same referent that have the same syntactical role in a sentence

apposition

apposition

Ex: The phrase "Alice, the team leader, addressed the meeting" uses apposition to provide more information about Alice. 

La phrase "Alice, la chef d'équipe, a pris la parole lors de la réunion" utilise l'apposition pour fournir plus d'informations sur Alice.

portmanteau word

a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

mot-valise

mot-valise

Ex: Portmanteau words, such as "smog" from "smoke" and "fog," often emerge in response to new cultural phenomena. 

Les mots-valises, comme "smog" issu de "smoke" et "fog", émergent souvent en réponse à de nouveaux phénomènes culturels.

syntax
syntax
[nom]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

syntaxe

syntaxe

Ex: Understanding the syntax of a language is crucial for constructing grammatically correct and meaningful sentences. 

Comprendre la syntaxe d'une langue est crucial pour construire des phrases grammaticalement correctes et significatives.

morpheme

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

morphème

morphème

Ex: The word "unhappiness" contains three morphemes: "un-," "happy," and "-ness." 

Le mot "unhappiness" contient trois morphèmes : "un-", "happy" et "-ness".

lexicon
lexicon
[nom]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

annales, lexique

annales, lexique

Ex: Linguists analyze the lexicon of a language to understand its vocabulary and the relationships between words. 

Les linguistes analysent le lexique d'une langue pour comprendre son vocabulaire et les relations entre les mots.

anaphora

(grammar) a word or phrase that refers to a preceding word or phrase

anaphore

anaphore

Ex: The poet used anaphora to create a rhythmic pattern and emphasize the central theme of the poem. 

Le poète a utilisé l'anaphore pour créer un motif rythmique et souligner le thème central du poème.

linguist

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

linguiste

linguiste

Ex: As a computational linguist, Sarah developed algorithms to improve machine translation systems. 

En tant que linguiste computationnelle, Sarah a développé des algorithmes pour améliorer les systèmes de traduction automatique.

glossary

a list of technical terms or jargons of a particular field or text, provided in alphabetical order with an explanation for each one

glossaire, lexique

glossaire, lexique

Ex: She referred to the glossary to better understand the technical jargon used in the scientific article. 

Elle a consulté le glossaire pour mieux comprendre le jargon technique utilisé dans l'article scientifique.

orthography

the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols

orthographe, système orthographique

orthographe, système orthographique

morphology

the field of linguistics that investigates how words are formed, analyzed, and combined to convey meaning, including the study of prefixes, suffixes, roots, and other linguistic units

morphologie

morphologie

etymology

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

étymologie

étymologie

Ex: Studying etymology helps understand how languages evolve and borrow from each other. 

L'étude de l'étymologie aide à comprendre comment les langues évoluent et empruntent les unes aux autres.

semasiology

the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of meaning in language, examining how words, signs, and other linguistic units acquire and convey meaning within a particular language or across languages

sémasiologie

sémasiologie

philology

the study of language, literature, and historical texts to understand their origins, development, and cultural context, encompassing areas such as linguistics, textual criticism, and literary analysis

philologie

philologie

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