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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9) - Language

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な言語に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
apposition
[名詞]

(grammar) the use of two adjacent noun phrases having the same referent that have the same syntactical role in a sentence

同格, 並置

同格, 並置

Ex: In the study of syntax , apposition is analyzed to see how additional information is integrated seamlessly into sentences without disrupting the flow .構文の研究では、追加情報が流れを乱すことなく文にどのようにシームレスに統合されるかを確認するために**同格**が分析されます。

a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

かばん語, ポートマントー語

かばん語, ポートマントー語

Ex: The creation of portmanteau words can be playful and creative , as seen in " chillax , " a combination of " chill " and " relax . "**かばん語**の作成は遊び心があり創造的であることがあります。"chillax"は"chill"と"relax"の組み合わせです。
syntax
[名詞]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

構文, 文法構造

構文, 文法構造

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .**構文解析**は、名詞、動詞、形容詞などの文要素が、特定の言語的枠組み内でどのように相互作用するかを特定するのに役立ちます。
morpheme
[名詞]

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

形態素, 最小意味単位

形態素, 最小意味単位

Ex: The study of morphemes, known as morphology , examines how these units combine to create complex words .**形態素**の研究、形態論として知られるものは、これらの単位がどのように組み合わさって複雑な単語を作るかを調べます。
lexicon
[名詞]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

語彙, 辞書

語彙, 辞書

Ex: Building a diverse lexicon through reading and exposure to different contexts enriches one 's language skills and communication abilities .読書やさまざまな文脈に触れることで多様な**語彙**を構築することは、言語スキルとコミュニケーション能力を豊かにします。
anaphora
[名詞]

(grammar) a word or phrase that refers to a preceding word or phrase

アナフォラ, 反復

アナフォラ, 反復

Ex: Anaphora is often employed in literature and oratory to evoke emotion, emphasize ideas, and make speeches more memorable.**アナフォラ**は、感情を喚起し、アイデアを強調し、スピーチをより記憶に残るものにするために、文学や演説でよく使われます。
linguist
[名詞]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

言語学者

言語学者

Ex: Linguists contribute to language preservation efforts , documenting and revitalizing endangered languages .**言語学者**は、危機に瀕している言語を文書化し、活性化させることで、言語保存の取り組みに貢献しています。
glossary
[名詞]

a list of technical terms or jargons of a particular field or text, provided in alphabetical order with an explanation for each one

用語集, グロッサリー

用語集, グロッサリー

Ex: The glossary not only defines terms but also provides examples of how to use them in sentences .**用語集**は用語を定義するだけでなく、それらを文でどのように使用するかの例も提供します。
orthography
[名詞]

the standardized set of rules and conventions for spelling and writing within a particular language or writing system, guiding the proper representation of words and symbols

正字法, 綴り体系

正字法, 綴り体系

morphology
[名詞]

the field of linguistics that investigates how words are formed, analyzed, and combined to convey meaning, including the study of prefixes, suffixes, roots, and other linguistic units

形態論, 語形成の研究

形態論, 語形成の研究

etymology
[名詞]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

語源学

語源学

Ex: The etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious ."amplify"の**語源**は、ラテン語の"amplus"に由来し、大きくて広いという意味を表しています。
semasiology
[名詞]

the branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of meaning in language, examining how words, signs, and other linguistic units acquire and convey meaning within a particular language or across languages

意味論

意味論

philology
[名詞]

the study of language, literature, and historical texts to understand their origins, development, and cultural context, encompassing areas such as linguistics, textual criticism, and literary analysis

文献学, 歴史的テキストの研究

文献学, 歴史的テキストの研究

IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9)
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