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Mathématiques et Logique SAT - Recherche et Innovation

Ici, vous apprendrez des mots anglais liés à la recherche et à l'innovation, tels que "prototype", "jargon", "essai", etc., dont vous aurez besoin pour réussir vos SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Math and Logic
methodology

a series of methods by which a certain subject is studied or a particular activity is done

méthodologie

méthodologie

Ex: A solid methodology is crucial for conducting reliable scientific experiments. 

Une méthodologie solide est cruciale pour mener des expériences scientifiques fiables.

approach

a way of doing something or dealing with a problem

approche

approche

Ex: We need a new approach to solve this technical issue. 
control group

a group in an experiment or study that does not receive the treatment or intervention being tested

groupe témoin, groupe de contrôle

groupe témoin, groupe de contrôle

Ex: The control group was monitored under the same conditions as the experimental group, but without exposure to the new treatment. 

Le groupe témoin a été surveillé dans les mêmes conditions que le groupe expérimental, mais sans exposition au nouveau traitement.

experimental group

the group of subjects or conditions that are exposed to the treatment or intervention being tested

groupe expérimental, groupe test

groupe expérimental, groupe test

Ex: The experimental group showed significant improvements in cognitive function compared to the control group. 

Le groupe expérimental a montré des améliorations significatives de la fonction cognitive par rapport au groupe témoin.

case study

a recorded analysis of a person, group, event or situation over a length of time

étude de cas

étude de cas

Ex: The psychology professor assigned a case study on a famous psychological disorder to illustrate its symptoms and treatment options. 

Le professeur de psychologie a assigné une étude de cas sur un trouble psychologique célèbre pour illustrer ses symptômes et options de traitement.

pilot study

a small-scale preliminary investigation conducted before a larger research project to test feasibility, methodology, and potential outcomes

étude pilote, étude préliminaire

étude pilote, étude préliminaire

Ex: The pilot study helped the research team identify logistical challenges and refine data collection procedures for the main study. 

L'étude pilote a aidé l'équipe de recherche à identifier les défis logistiques et à affiner les procédures de collecte de données pour l'étude principale.

intervention

an action, treatment, or manipulation that is introduced by researchers to test its effects on variables of interest

intervention

intervention

Ex: The randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of a community-based intervention on smoking cessation rates. 
validity

the quality of being reasonable, well-founded, or supported by facts or sound argument

validité, bien-fondé

validité, bien-fondé

Ex: New evidence has strengthened the validity of Sarah's original conclusion. 
evidence

a sign or indication that suggests something

signe

signe

Ex: There was no evidence of illness during the examination. 
fieldwork

scientific study or research conducted in the real world and not in a laboratory or class

recherche sur le terrain

recherche sur le terrain

treatise

a long and formal piece of writing about a specific subject

traité

traité

Ex: The philosopher wrote a comprehensive treatise on ethics and morality. 

Le philosophe a écrit un traité complet sur l'éthique et la moralité.

trial
trial
[nom]

a process conducted in order to decide on how effective, safe, etc. someone or something is

essai

essai

Ex: The company conducted a trial of the new software to ensure it met all performance standards. 
generalization

the process of creating broad or universal principles by identifying common characteristics or patterns among specific instances

généralisation

généralisation

Ex: Historians make generalizations about historical events by identifying recurring themes and patterns across different time periods. 

Les historiens font des généralisations sur les événements historiques en identifiant des thèmes et des modèles récurrents à travers différentes périodes.

phenomenon

an observable fact, event, or situation, often unusual or not yet fully explained

phénomène, fait observable

phénomène, fait observable

Ex: The sudden rainstorm was a rare phenomenon for the region. 
jargon
jargon
[nom]

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

jargon

jargon

Ex: Legal jargon, including terms like 'habeas corpus,' 'amicus curiae,' and 'subpoena,' can be difficult for non-lawyers to understand. 

Le jargon juridique, y compris des termes comme 'habeas corpus', 'amicus curiae' et 'subpoena', peut être difficile à comprendre pour les non-juristes.

paradigm

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

paradigme

paradigme

Ex: The teacher explained the scientific paradigm to help students grasp the concept. 

Le professeur a expliqué le paradigme scientifique pour aider les élèves à saisir le concept.

multidisciplinary

involving the integration of knowledge and methodologies from various academic disciplines or fields of study

multidisciplinaire

multidisciplinaire

Ex: Her doctoral thesis took a multidisciplinary approach, synthesizing insights from psychology, anthropology, and linguistics. 

Sa thèse de doctorat a adopté une approche multidisciplinaire, synthétisant les connaissances de la psychologie, de l'anthropologie et de la linguistique.

scholarly
scholarly
[Adjectif]

related to or involving serious academic study

intellectuel

intellectuel

Ex: The scholarly journal publishes peer-reviewed articles on a wide range of topics in sociology. 

La revue savante publie des articles évalués par des pairs sur un large éventail de sujets en sociologie.

to extrapolate

to use existing yet insufficient data to make guesses about things that have not yet been observed

extrapoler, déduire

extrapoler, déduire

Ex: The historian extrapolated the daily life of ancient civilizations from archaeological evidence. 

L'historien a extrapolé la vie quotidienne des civilisations anciennes à partir de preuves archéologiques.

theoretically
theoretically
[Adverbe]

in accordance with ideas, theories, or principles rather than experiments or practical actions

théoriquement, en théorie

théoriquement, en théorie

Ex: The project was planned theoretically, based on established principles and concepts. 

Le projet a été planifié théoriquement, sur la base de principes et de concepts établis.

prototype

an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

prototype

prototype

Ex: The software company released a prototype of their app to gather user feedback before the official launch. 

La société de logiciels a publié un prototype de leur application pour recueillir les commentaires des utilisateurs avant le lancement officiel.

trendsetter

an individual or entity that is influential in setting or popularizing new styles, behaviors, ideas, or products

pionnier, innovateur

pionnier, innovateur

Ex: As a prominent influencer on social media, he is often regarded as a trendsetter among his followers. 

En tant qu'influenceur prominent sur les réseaux sociaux, il est souvent considéré comme un faiseur de tendances parmi ses followers.

breakthrough

an important discovery or development that helps improve a situation or answer a problem

percée

percée

Ex: The invention of the internet was a technological breakthrough that revolutionized communication worldwide. 
groundbreaking
groundbreaking
[Adjectif]

original and pioneering in a certain field, often setting a new standard for others to follow

novateur, révolutionnaire

novateur, révolutionnaire

Ex: Her groundbreaking novel challenged societal norms and sparked important conversations about gender equality. 

Son roman révolutionnaire a défié les normes sociétales et a suscité des conversations importantes sur l'égalité des genres.

trailblazing
trailblazing
[Adjectif]

pioneering or leading the way in a particular field, endeavor, or movement

novateur, pionnier

novateur, pionnier

Ex: He was a trailblazing entrepreneur who founded several successful startups in the tech industry. 

Il était un entrepreneur novateur qui a fondé plusieurs startups prospères dans l'industrie technologique.

cutting-edge
cutting-edge
[Adjectif]

having the latest and most advanced features or design

de pointe, avant-gardiste

de pointe, avant-gardiste

Ex: Their cutting-edge research in renewable energy aims to develop more efficient solar panels and energy storage solutions. 

Leur recherche de pointe dans les énergies renouvelables vise à développer des panneaux solaires et des solutions de stockage d'énergie plus efficaces.

state-of-the-art

using or containing the most recent and developed methods, technology, materials, or ideas

de pointe, ultramoderne

de pointe, ultramoderne

Ex: His presentation showcased a state-of-the-art design for eco-friendly transportation systems. 

Sa présentation a mis en avant un design de pointe pour les systèmes de transport écologiques.

innovative
innovative
[Adjectif]

(of ideas, products, etc.) creative and unlike anything else that exists

innovant, novateur

innovant, novateur

Ex: Her innovative design for the product won several awards for its originality and practicality. 

Son design innovant pour le produit a remporté plusieurs prix pour son originalité et sa praticité.

to patent
to patent
[verbe]

to obtain legal protection for an invention by securing a patent

breveter

breveter

Ex: The company plans to patent the new technology. 
to pioneer
to pioneer
[verbe]

to be among the first to develop, introduce, or use something new

être les pionniers de, inventer, lancer, innover

être les pionniers de, inventer, lancer, innover

Ex: The company pioneered online banking in the region. 
advent
advent
[nom]

the arrival of a significant event, person, or thing that has been eagerly anticipated

avènement, arrivée

avènement, arrivée

Ex: Historians mark the advent of the Industrial Revolution as a turning point in human history. 

Les historiens marquent l'avènement de la Révolution industrielle comme un tournant dans l'histoire humaine.

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