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Математика и Логика SAT - Исследования и Инновации

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с исследованиями и инновациями, такие как "прототип", "жаргон", "испытание" и т.д., которые вам понадобятся для успешной сдачи SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Math and Logic
methodology
methodology
[существительное]

a series of methods by which a certain subject is studied or a particular activity is done

методология

методология

Ex: The researcher described the methodology used to gather data for the study. 
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approach
approach
[существительное]

a way of doing something or dealing with a problem

подход, метод

подход, метод

Ex: The teacher's approach to discipline focuses on positive reinforcement. 
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control group
control group
[существительное]

a group in an experiment or study that does not receive the treatment or intervention being tested

контрольная группа, группа контроля

контрольная группа, группа контроля

Ex: In the drug trial, the control group received a placebo while the experimental group received the actual medication. 
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experimental group
experimental group
[существительное]

the group of subjects or conditions that are exposed to the treatment or intervention being tested

экспериментальная группа, тестовая группа

экспериментальная группа, тестовая группа

Ex: Participants in the experimental group were administered the new drug, while those in the control group received a placebo. 
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case study
case study
[существительное]

a recorded analysis of a person, group, event or situation over a length of time

тематическое исследование

тематическое исследование

Ex: Researchers conducted a case study to explore the long-term effects of a new drug on patients with rare medical conditions. 
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pilot study
pilot study
[существительное]

a small-scale preliminary investigation conducted before a larger research project to test feasibility, methodology, and potential outcomes

пилотное исследование, предварительное исследование

пилотное исследование, предварительное исследование

Ex: Before launching the nationwide survey, the researchers conducted a pilot study to test the questionnaire and sampling methods. 
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intervention
intervention
[существительное]

an action, treatment, or manipulation that is introduced by researchers to test its effects on variables of interest

вмешательство

вмешательство

Ex: The intervention consisted of a dietary change aimed at reducing saturated fat intake among participants. 
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validity
validity
[существительное]

the quality of being well-founded and logically sound

действительность

действительность

Ex: The validity of the scientific theory was confirmed through repeated experiments and peer review. 
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evidence
evidence
[существительное]

a sign or indication that suggests something

доказательство

доказательство

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fieldwork
fieldwork
[существительное]

scientific study or research conducted in the real world and not in a laboratory or class

полевые работы

полевые работы

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treatise
treatise
[существительное]

a long and formal piece of writing about a specific subject

трактат

трактат

Ex: Isaac Newton's "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" is a famous treatise on physics. 
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trial
trial
[существительное]

a process conducted in order to decide on how effective, safe, etc. someone or something is

испытание

испытание

Ex: The trial was set to evaluate the new drug's effectiveness in treating the condition. 
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generalization
generalization
[существительное]

the process of creating broad or universal principles by identifying common characteristics or patterns among specific instances

обобщение

обобщение

Ex: In psychology, researchers use generalization to formulate theories about human behavior based on observations of individual subjects. 
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phenomenon
phenomenon
[существительное]

an observable fact, event, or situation, often unusual or not yet fully explained

феномен, наблюдаемый факт

феномен, наблюдаемый факт

Ex: Northern lights are a spectacular natural phenomenon. 
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jargon
jargon
[существительное]

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

жаргон

жаргон

Ex: Medical professionals often use jargon such as 'stat,' 'BP,' and 'code blue,' which can be confusing to those outside the healthcare field. 
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paradigm
paradigm
[существительное]

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

парадигма

парадигма

Ex: The new research shifted the paradigm of how we understand climate change. 
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multidisciplinary
multidisciplinary
[прилагательное]

involving the integration of knowledge and methodologies from various academic disciplines or fields of study

междисциплинарный

междисциплинарный

Ex: The university's research institute fosters multidisciplinary collaboration among scholars from diverse fields such as biology, sociology, and engineering. 
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scholarly
scholarly
[прилагательное]

related to or involving serious academic study

академический

академический

Ex: The scholarly article thoroughly examines the historical context of the Renaissance period. 
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to extrapolate
to extrapolate
[глагол]

to use existing yet insufficient data to make guesses about things that have not yet been observed

экстраполировать, предполагать

экстраполировать, предполагать

Ex: She extrapolated the character’s backstory from hints in the novel. 
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theoretically
theoretically
[наречие]

in accordance with ideas, theories, or principles rather than experiments or practical actions

теоретически

теоретически

Ex: The scientist explained the concept theoretically before conducting experiments to validate the hypothesis. 
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prototype
prototype
[существительное]

an early or preliminary model of something from which other forms are developed or copied

прототип

прототип

Ex: The engineers created a prototype of the new electric car to test its performance and safety features. 
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trendsetter
trendsetter
[существительное]

an individual or entity that is influential in setting or popularizing new styles, behaviors, ideas, or products

трендсеттер, новатор

трендсеттер, новатор

Ex: She is known as a trendsetter in the fashion industry, with her unique sense of style influencing designers and consumers alike. 
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breakthrough
breakthrough
[существительное]

an important discovery or development that helps improve a situation or answer a problem

прорыв

прорыв

Ex: The scientist's groundbreaking research led to a major breakthrough in cancer treatment. 
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groundbreaking
groundbreaking
[прилагательное]

original and pioneering in a certain field, often setting a new standard for others to follow

новаторский

новаторский

Ex: The scientist's groundbreaking research led to a major breakthrough in cancer treatment. 
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trailblazing
trailblazing
[прилагательное]

pioneering or leading the way in a particular field, endeavor, or movement

новаторский, первопроходческий

новаторский, первопроходческий

Ex: Her trailblazing research in the field of genetics revolutionized our understanding of inherited diseases. 
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cutting-edge
cutting-edge
[прилагательное]

having the latest and most advanced features or design

самый современный

самый современный

Ex: The cutting-edge medical device uses nanotechnology to deliver targeted treatments with unprecedented precision. 
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state-of-the-art
state-of-the-art
[прилагательное]

using or containing the most recent and developed methods, technology, materials, or ideas

современный

современный

Ex: The new hospital is equipped with state-of-the-art medical technology, ensuring the best care for patients. 
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innovative
innovative
[прилагательное]

(of ideas, products, etc.) creative and unlike anything else that exists

инновационный

инновационный

Ex: The company is known for developing innovative solutions to common environmental challenges. 
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to patent
to patent
[глагол]

to obtain legal ownership and protection for an invention or innovation

патентовать

патентовать

Ex: After years of hard work, the scientist was finally able to patent her novel medical discovery. 
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to pioneer
to pioneer
[глагол]

to be the first one to do, use, invent, or discover something

быть пионером

быть пионером

Ex: Marie Curie pioneered research on radioactivity. 
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advent
advent
[существительное]

the arrival of a significant event, person, or thing that has been eagerly anticipated

пришествие

пришествие

Ex: The advent of the internet revolutionized how we communicate and access information. 
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