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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL - Mathématiques et Mesure

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur les mathématiques et les mesures, tels que "calcul", "fraction", "diamètre", etc., nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
calculation

the process of using mathematics to determine a number, amount, or result

calcul

calcul

Ex: The engineer checked his calculations before approving the design. 
arithmetic

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

arithmétique

arithmétique

Ex: He excelled in arithmetic and quickly mastered mental math techniques. 

Il excellait en arithmétique et maîtrisait rapidement les techniques de calcul mental.

mathematical
mathematical
[Adjectif]

related to or used in mathematics

mathématique

mathématique

Ex: The mathematical principles behind geometry helped architects design intricate buildings. 

Les principes mathématiques derrière la géométrie ont aidé les architectes à concevoir des bâtiments complexes.

numerical
numerical
[Adjectif]

represented in numbers

numérique

numérique

Ex: Statistical analysis involves processing numerical data to identify trends and patterns. 

L'analyse statistique implique le traitement de données numériques pour identifier des tendances et des motifs.

ordinal number

a number that indicates the position of something in a sequence or series

nombre ordinal

nombre ordinal

Ex: The ordinal number "third" shows the runner's position in the race. 

Le nombre ordinal "troisième" indique la position du coureur dans la course.

measure
measure
[nom]

the quantity, amount, or degree of something

mesure

mesure

Ex: The measure of rainfall this month exceeded expectations. 
value
value
[nom]

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

valeur

valeur

Ex: The value of a variable can change depending on the context of the problem being solved. 
fraction

a number expressed as one quantity divided by another, especially one written with a numerator and denominator

fraction

fraction

Ex: Students learned how to add fractions with different denominators. 
digit
digit
[nom]

one of the numbers from 0 to 9

chiffre

chiffre

Ex: I found a game that helps kids practice their digits by solving puzzles. 
diameter

a straight line passing through the center of a circle or other round object from one side to the other, or the length of that line

diamètre

diamètre

Ex: Emma measured the diameter of the pipe before ordering a replacement. 
equation

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

équation

équation

Ex: The physicist derived an equation to describe the relationship between energy and mass. 
parallel
parallel
[Adjectif]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

parallèle

parallèle

Ex: She parked her car parallel to the curb. 
decimal
decimal
[Adjectif]

relating to a system of numbers based on powers of ten, where quantities are expressed using digits, including fractions and whole numbers

décimal

décimal

Ex: The number 3.14 is a decimal representation of the mathematical constant pi, which is approximately equal to 3.14159265359. 

Le nombre 3,14 est une représentation décimale de la constante mathématique pi, qui est approximativement égale à 3,14159265359.

vertical
vertical
[Adjectif]

positioned or extending straight up and down at a right angle to a horizontal surface

vertical

vertical

Ex: Draw a vertical line through the center of the page. 
width
width
[nom]

the measurement of something from one side or edge to the other

largeur

largeur

Ex: The table has a width of nearly four feet. 
unit
unit
[nom]

a standard measure used to tell the amount of something

unité

unité

Ex: A liter is a unit of volume for liquids. 
function

(mathematics) a quantity whose value changes according to another quantity's varying value

fonction

fonction

Ex: The sine function oscillates between -1 and 1 as its input varies over the real numbers. 
circumference

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

circonférence

circonférence

Ex: In geometry class, we learned how to find the circumference of various geometric shapes. 

En classe de géométrie, nous avons appris à trouver la circonférence de différentes formes géométriques.

axis
axis
[nom]

the central point or line around which an object turns

axe

axe

Ex: The fan blades rotated smoothly around their axis. 

Les pales du ventilateur tournaient doucement autour de leur axe.

probability

a mathematical measure of how likely an event is to occur, expressed as a number between zero and one

probabilité

probabilité

Ex: Students calculated the probability of drawing a red card. 
dimension

a measurement of something in a particular direction, such as its length, width, height, or depth

dimension

dimension

Ex: Emma measured each dimension of the box carefully. 
to subtract

(mathematics) to take a number from another number and find out the difference

soustraire

soustraire

Ex: Subtracting 3 from 10 leaves you with 7. 

Soustraire 3 de 10 vous laisse avec 7.

to total
to total
[verbe]

to add up numbers or quantities to find the overall amount

additionner

additionner

Ex: After counting the votes, the election officials will total the ballots to determine the winner. 
cubic
cubic
[Adjectif]

indicating a unit of measurement that includes volume of a cube

cubique

cubique

ounce
ounce
[nom]

a unit of weight equal to 1/16 of a pound or about 28.35 grams

once

once

Ex: She weighed the letter and it came to just under one ounce. 
gallon
gallon
[nom]

a unit of liquid volume equal to 4 quarts or about 3.785 liters

gallon

gallon

Ex: The car's gas tank holds 15 gallons of fuel. 
bar chart

a graphical display of information consisting of narrow rectangular lines whose heights depend on the value that they are representing

histogramme

histogramme

Ex: The teacher asked the students to create a bar chart for their science project. 

Le professeur a demandé aux élèves de créer un diagramme à barres pour leur projet scientifique.

pie chart

a graphical display of the difference between the parts of a whole shown by dividing a circle into several segments

graphique circulaire, diagramme circulaire

graphique circulaire, diagramme circulaire

Ex: In the meeting, the team presented a pie chart to compare the sales distribution across different regions. 

Lors de la réunion, l'équipe a présenté un diagramme circulaire pour comparer la distribution des ventes dans différentes régions.

acre
acre
[nom]

a unit of area equal to 4,840 square yards or about 4,047 square meters, used especially for measuring land

quarante ares

quarante ares

Ex: They bought five acres of land outside the town. 
formula
formula
[nom]

(mathematics) a rule or law represented in symbols, letters, or numbers

formule

formule

Ex: Chemists use molecular formulas to represent the number and types of atoms in a molecule. 
accountant

a person whose job is to prepare, keep, or examine financial records and accounts

comptable

comptable

Ex: Our accountant prepares the company's annual financial statements. 
analyst
analyst
[nom]

a person whose job is to examine information or a particular subject in detail and interpret or evaluate it

analyste

analyste

Ex: The political analyst discussed the election results on television. 
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