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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - Matemáticas y Medición

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre matemáticas y medición, como "calculation", "fraction", "diameter", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
calculation
calculation
[Sustantivo]

the act of finding a number or amount using mathematics

cálculo

cálculo

Ex: She double-checked her calculations to ensure the accuracy of the financial report. 

Ella verificó dos veces sus cálculos para asegurar la precisión del informe financiero.

arithmetic
arithmetic
[Sustantivo]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

aritmética

aritmética

Ex: The study of arithmetic dates back to ancient civilizations, where early mathematicians developed techniques for counting and calculating. 

El estudio de la aritmética se remonta a las civilizaciones antiguas, donde los primeros matemáticos desarrollaron técnicas para contar y calcular.

mathematical
mathematical
[Adjetivo]

related to or used in mathematics

matemático

matemático

Ex: Statistical analysis involves using mathematical techniques to interpret data. 

El análisis estadístico implica el uso de técnicas matemáticas para interpretar datos.

numerical
numerical
[Adjetivo]

represented in numbers

numérico

numérico

Ex: Numerical simulations use mathematical models to predict outcomes in various scenarios. 

Las simulaciones numéricas utilizan modelos matemáticos para predecir resultados en varios escenarios.

ordinal number
ordinal number
[Sustantivo]

a number that indicates the position of something in a sequence or series

número ordinal

número ordinal

Ex: Use ordinal numbers when describing order, like "first place" or "second choice." 

Usa números ordinales al describir el orden, como "primer lugar" o "segunda opción".

measure
measure
[Sustantivo]

the quantity, amount, or degree of something

medida

medida

Ex: The doctor prescribed a specific measure of medication for the patient. 

El médico recetó una medida específica de medicamento para el paciente.

value
value
[Sustantivo]

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

valor

valor

Ex: Mathematicians use symbols such as letters to denote variables whose values are to be determined. 

Los matemáticos usan símbolos como letras para denotar variables cuyos valores deben ser determinados.

fraction
fraction
[Sustantivo]

a number obtained by dividing one integer or rational number by another, typically written in the form a/b

fracción, quebrado

fracción, quebrado

Ex: Fractions can be converted to decimals for easier calculation. 

Las fracciones pueden convertirse en decimales para facilitar el cálculo.

digit
digit
[Sustantivo]

one of the numbers from 0 to 9

dígito, cifra

dígito, cifra

Ex: The first digit in the number 456 is 4. 
diameter
diameter
[Sustantivo]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

diámetro

diámetro

Ex: The engineer measured the diameter of the pipe to ensure it would fit snugly within the existing framework. 

El ingeniero midió el diámetro de la tubería para asegurarse de que encajaría perfectamente dentro del marco existente.

equation
equation
[Sustantivo]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

ecuación

ecuación

Ex: Balancing chemical equations is crucial in chemistry to ensure conservation of atoms and mass. 

Equilibrar las ecuaciones químicas es crucial en química para garantizar la conservación de los átomos y la masa.

parallel
parallel
[Adjetivo]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

paralelo

paralelo

Ex: The beams of sunlight created parallel lines on the floor. 

Los rayos de sol creaban líneas paralelas en el suelo.

decimal
decimal
[Adjetivo]

relating to a system of numbers based on powers of ten, where quantities are expressed using digits, including fractions and whole numbers

decimal

decimal

Ex: Length measurements can be written in decimal form, such as 2.5 meters or 6.75 inches. 

Las medidas de longitud se pueden escribir en forma decimal, como 2,5 metros o 6,75 pulgadas.

vertical
vertical
[Adjetivo]

positioned at a right angle to the horizon or ground, typically moving up or down

vertical

vertical

Ex: The vines climbed the vertical trellis, reaching toward the sun. 

Las vides treparon por el enrejado vertical, alcanzando hacia el sol.

width
width
[Sustantivo]

the distance of something from side to side

ancho, anchura

ancho, anchura

Ex: The width of the bookshelf is adjustable to accommodate different-sized books. 

El ancho del estante es ajustable para acomodar libros de diferentes tamaños.

unit
unit
[Sustantivo]

a standard measure used to tell the amount of something

unidad

unidad

Ex: A mole is a unit of measurement in chemistry, representing a specific number of atoms or molecules. 

Un unidad es una unidad de medida en química, que representa un número específico de átomos o moléculas.

function
function
[Sustantivo]

(mathematics) a quantity whose value changes according to another quantity's varying value

función

función

Ex: Engineers use mathematical functions to model and predict the behavior of physical systems. 

Los ingenieros usan funciones matemáticas para modelar y predecir el comportamiento de los sistemas físicos.

circumference
circumference
[Sustantivo]

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

circunferencia

circunferencia

Ex: To find the circumference of a wheel, you need to know its radius or diameter. 

Para encontrar la circunferencia de una rueda, necesitas saber su radio o diámetro.

axis
axis
[Sustantivo]

the central point or line around which an object turns

axis

axis

Ex: The planet's tilt on its axis causes the seasons. 

La inclinación del planeta sobre su eje provoca las estaciones.

probability
probability
[Sustantivo]

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

probabilidad

probabilidad

Ex: She calculated the probability of her team winning based on past performances. 
dimension
dimension
[Sustantivo]

a measure of the height, length, or width of an object in a certain direction

dimensión

dimensión

Ex: The artist's sculptures seemed to defy conventional dimensions, playing with space and form in unexpected ways. 

Las esculturas del artista parecían desafiar las dimensiones convencionales, jugando con el espacio y la forma de maneras inesperadas.

to subtract

(mathematics) to take a number from another number and find out the difference

restar

restar

Ex: If you have 15 apples and subtract 7, you'll have 8 left. 

Si tienes 15 manzanas y restas 7, te quedarán 8.

to total
to total
[Verbo]

to add up numbers or quantities to find the overall amount

sumar, totalizar

sumar, totalizar

Ex: When shopping, remember to total the prices of all the items in your cart before reaching the cashier. 

Cuando compres, recuerda sumar los precios de todos los artículos en tu carrito antes de llegar a la caja.

cubic
cubic
[Adjetivo]

indicating a unit of measurement that includes volume of a cube

cúbico

cúbico

ounce
ounce
[Sustantivo]

a unit for measuring weight equal to approximately 28.34 grams

onza

onza

gallon
gallon
[Sustantivo]

a unit used to measure liquids in the United States, equivalent to approximately 3.785 liters

galón

galón

bar chart
bar chart
[Sustantivo]

a graphical display of information consisting of narrow rectangular lines whose heights depend on the value that they are representing

gráfico de barras

gráfico de barras

Ex: When reading a bar chart, it is important to look at the scale for accurate interpretation. 

Al leer un gráfico de barras, es importante mirar la escala para una interpretación precisa.

pie chart
pie chart
[Sustantivo]

a graphical display of the difference between the parts of a whole shown by dividing a circle into several segments

gráfico circular

gráfico circular

Ex: The pie chart clearly depicted that the majority of respondents preferred option A. 

El gráfico circular mostró claramente que la mayoría de los encuestados preferían la opción A.

acre
acre
[Sustantivo]

a unit used in North America and Britain for measuring land area that equals 4047 square meters or 4840 square yards

acre

acre

Ex: The park down the street is about five acres, making it a great place for picnics. 

El parque al final de la calle tiene unas cinco hectáreas, lo que lo convierte en un gran lugar para picnic.

formula
formula
[Sustantivo]

(mathematics) a rule or law represented in symbols, letters, or numbers

fórmula

fórmula

Ex: Engineers rely on formulas to calculate stress and strain in materials under different conditions. 

Los ingenieros dependen de fórmulas para calcular el estrés y la tensión en los materiales bajo diferentes condiciones.

accountant
accountant
[Sustantivo]

someone whose job is to keep or check financial accounts

contador

contador

Ex: Many businesses rely on a professional accountant to help them manage their taxes and financial planning. 

Muchas empresas dependen de un contador profesional para ayudarles a gestionar sus impuestos y planificación financiera.

analyst
analyst
[Sustantivo]

a trained individual who evaluates information and data to provide insights and make informed decisions in various fields such as finance, economics, business, technology, etc.

analista

analista

Ex: The financial analyst examined company reports to assess its performance and profitability. 

El analista financiero examinó los informes de la compañía para evaluar su desempeño y rentabilidad.

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