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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Matematika a měření

Zde se dozvíte některá anglická slovíčka o matematice a měření, jako je „výpočet“, „zlomek“, „průměr“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
calculation
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of finding a number or amount using mathematics

výpočet, počítání

výpočet, počítání

Ex: calculations are essential for ensuring the success of scientific experiments .
arithmetic
[Podstatné jméno]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

aritmetika, arithmetic

aritmetika, arithmetic

Ex: He struggled with arithmetic in elementary school but improved with extra practice.
mathematical
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or used in mathematics

matematický, matematická

matematický, matematická

Ex: mathematical concepts like algebra and calculus is essential for success in engineering .
numerical
[Přídavné jméno]

represented in numbers

číselný, numerický

číselný, numerický

Ex: Numerical codes are assigned to products for inventory management and tracking.
ordinal number
[Podstatné jméno]

a number that indicates the position of something in a sequence or series

ordinální číslo, pořadové číslo

ordinální číslo, pořadové číslo

Ex: The manual ordinal numbers to list the steps , starting with " first . "
measure
[Podstatné jméno]

the quantity, amount, or degree of something

míra, měření

míra, měření

Ex: measure of support for the proposal was evident in the voting results .
value
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

hodnota, číslo

hodnota, číslo

Ex: The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero on a number line, represented by |x| for a given number x.
fraction
[Podstatné jméno]

a part of a whole number, such as ½

zlomek, dílčí část

zlomek, dílčí část

Ex: fractions is important in elementary math .
digit
[Podstatné jméno]

one of the numbers from 0 to 9

číslice, digit

číslice, digit

Ex: The lottery ticket has a combination digits that determine the winner .
diameter
[Podstatné jméno]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

průměr, diametr

průměr, diametr

Ex: The technician used a caliper to determine diameter of the bearings needed for the machinery repair .
equation
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

rovnice, zápis rovnosti

rovnice, zápis rovnosti

Ex: Economists analyze supply and equations to forecast market trends and price changes .
parallel
[Přídavné jméno]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

rovnoběžné, paralelní

rovnoběžné, paralelní

Ex: The railroad tracks parallel to each other .
decimal
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to a system of numbers based on powers of ten, where quantities are expressed using digits, including fractions and whole numbers

desetinný, dekadický

desetinný, dekadický

Ex: Decimal fractions allow for precise representations of quantities, enabling accurate calculations in various fields, including science, engineering, and finance.
vertical
[Přídavné jméno]

positioned at a right angle to the horizon or ground, typically moving up or down

vertikální, svislý

vertikální, svislý

Ex: The graph displayed the data vertical bars representing each category .
width
[Podstatné jméno]

the distance of something from side to side

šířka, délka

šířka, délka

Ex: When buying a rug , consider width of the room for proper coverage .
unit
[Podstatné jméno]

a standard measure used to tell the amount of something

jednotka, množství

jednotka, množství

Ex: A foot is unit of length in the imperial system .
function
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a quantity whose value changes according to another quantity's varying value

funkce, funkční závislost

funkce, funkční závislost

Ex: Statisticians analyze data functions such as mean , median , and standard deviation to understand distributions and trends .
circumference
[Podstatné jméno]

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

obvod, obruba

obvod, obruba

Ex: The mathematician used circumference to solve the geometry problem .
axis
[Podstatné jméno]

an imaginary line in the middle of an object around which the object revolves

osa, os

osa, os

Ex: The rotation of planets around axes determines their day and night cycles .
probability
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

pravděpodobnost, pravděpodobnostní číslo

pravděpodobnost, pravděpodobnostní číslo

Ex: probability of rolling a six on a fair die is one out of six .
dimension
[Podstatné jméno]

a measure of the height, length, or width of an object in a certain direction

rozměr, dimenze

rozměr, dimenze

Ex: When designing the new bridge , engineers took into account dimensions of the river and the surrounding landscape .
to subtract
[sloveso]

(mathematics) to take a number from another number and find out the difference

odečíst, ubrat

odečíst, ubrat

Ex: subtracted the cost of shipping from the total amount .
to total
[sloveso]

to add up numbers or quantities to find the overall amount

sečíst, dohromady dát

sečíst, dohromady dát

Ex: total the scores from each round of the competition to determine the overall winner .
cubic
[Přídavné jméno]

indicating a unit of measurement that includes volume of a cube

kubický, krychlový

kubický, krychlový

ounce
[Podstatné jméno]

a unit for measuring weight equal to approximately 28.34 grams

unce, uncie

unce, uncie

gallon
[Podstatné jméno]

a unit used to measure liquids in the United States, equivalent to approximately 3.785 liters

galon, galoň

galon, galoň

bar chart
[Podstatné jméno]

a graphical display of information consisting of narrow rectangular lines whose heights depend on the value that they are representing

sloupcový diagram, diagram s pruhy

sloupcový diagram, diagram s pruhy

Ex: bar chart showed that most students preferred chocolate ice cream .
pie chart
[Podstatné jméno]

a graphical display of the difference between the parts of a whole shown by dividing a circle into several segments

koláčový diagram, koláčový graf

koláčový diagram, koláčový graf

Ex: pie chart indicated that half of the company 's revenue comes from online sales .
acre
[Podstatné jméno]

a unit used in North America and Britain for measuring land area that equals 4047 square meters or 4840 square yards

akre, akr

akre, akr

Ex: Many people dream of owning a few acres in the countryside to escape city life.
formula
[Podstatné jméno]

(mathematics) a rule or law represented in symbols, letters, or numbers

vzorec, formule

vzorec, formule

Ex: Physicians apply formulas to determine appropriate dosages of medications based on patient weight and condition .
accountant
[Podstatné jméno]

someone whose job is to keep or check financial accounts

účetní, accountant

účetní, accountant

Ex: accountant advised her client on how to optimize their expenses to improve overall profitability .
analyst
[Podstatné jméno]

a trained individual who evaluates information and data to provide insights and make informed decisions in various fields such as finance, economics, business, technology, etc.

analytik, analytička

analytik, analytička

Ex: analysts study consumer trends and competitor strategies to advise companies on marketing strategies .
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