Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Permusuhan, Perangai & Agresi

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choleric

[Adjektiva]

easily angered or irritated

pemarah, mudah tersinggung

Ex: His choleric attitude often led to tense situations in meetings .Sikapnya yang **pemarah** sering menyebabkan situasi tegang dalam rapat.

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churlish

[Adjektiva]

rude, ill-mannered, or surly in behavior

kasar, tidak sopan

Ex: The churlish attitude of the teenager towards his parents often caused tension in the household .Sikap **kasar** remaja itu terhadap orang tuanya sering menimbulkan ketegangan di rumah.

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contentious

[Adjektiva]

inclined to argue or provoke disagreement

kontroversial, suka bertengkar

Ex: As a contentious debater , he enjoyed challenging opposing viewpoints in intellectual discussions .Sebagai seorang debater **kontroversial**, ia menikmati menantang pandangan yang berlawanan dalam diskusi intelektual.

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fractious

[Adjektiva]

unruly, defiant, or unwilling to submit to rules or leadership

bandel, susah diatur

Ex: The teacher had a hard time on the first day with a particularly fractious student who would n't stay seated .Kerumunan **pemberontak** berkumpul di luar gedung pengadilan.

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irascible

[Adjektiva]

showing signs of anger

Ex: Critics saw the irascible author 's work as marred by an angry , bitter streak that characterized his writing .

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petulant

[Adjektiva]

showing sudden impatience, especially over minor matters

Ex: He gave a petulant shrug when asked about his late assignment submission .

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sardonic

[Adjektiva]

humorous in a manner that is cruel and disrespectful

sarkastik, mengejek

Ex: The comedian 's sardonic jokes about current events crossed the line from humor to outright insult .Lelucon **sarkastik** komedian tentang peristiwa terkini melampaui batas dari humor menjadi penghinaan langsung.

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fretful

[Adjektiva]

irritable or agitated, often expressing dissatisfaction or annoyance with trivial matters

mudah marah, gelisah

Ex: The fretful parent nitpicked every detail of the family vacation , from the accommodations to the itinerary , making it difficult for everyone to enjoy the trip .Orang tua **gelisah** mengkritik setiap detail liburan keluarga, dari akomodasi hingga itinerary, membuat sulit bagi semua orang untuk menikmati perjalanan.

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huffy

[Adjektiva]

easily offended or quick to take things personally

mudah tersinggung, sensitif

Ex: You know how huffy she gets over minor details .Kamu tahu betapa **mudah tersinggung** dia karena hal-hal sepele.

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peevish

[Adjektiva]

easily irritated, especially over trivial matters

mudah tersinggung, pemarah

Ex: Despite his peevish demeanor , she remained patient and tried to address his concerns calmly .Meskipun sikapnya yang **pemarah**, dia tetap sabar dan berusaha menangani kekhawatirannya dengan tenang.

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waspish

[Adjektiva]

easily irritated and likely to speak or act in a sharp, stinging, or spiteful manner

mudah tersinggung, pemarah

Ex: A waspish comment from her ended the conversation abruptly .Komentar **pemarah** darinya mengakhiri percakapan secara tiba-tiba.

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crotchety

[Adjektiva]

bad-tempered or prone to complaining

pemarah, suka mengeluh

Ex: The long trip left him feeling crotchety, and he snapped at his friends .Perjalanan panjang meninggalkannya **kesal**, dan dia **membentak** teman-temannya.

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curt

[Adjektiva]

abruptly brief in a way that is considered as impatient, dismissive, or impolite

singkat dan kasar, ringkas

Ex: When I asked for help again, she gave me a curt "No" without further explanation.Ketika saya meminta bantuan lagi, dia memberikan jawaban **singkat** "Tidak" tanpa penjelasan lebih lanjut.

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pugnacious

[Adjektiva]

eager to start a fight or argument

suka berkelahi, agresif

Ex: The pugnacious young man frequently found himself in disputes over trivial matters .Pemuda **suka bertengkar** itu sering kali terlibat dalam perselisihan atas hal-hal sepele.

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abrasive

[Adjektiva]

behaving in a mean and disrespectful manner with no concern for others

kasar, menyinggung

Ex: Despite his skills , his abrasive personality made it hard for him to collaborate .Meskipun memiliki keterampilan, kepribadiannya yang **kasar** menyulitkan untuk berkolaborasi.

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asperity

[Kata benda]

harshness or sharpness of tone, manner, or temper

Ex: Despite her usual calm , there was asperity in her reply .

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austere

[Adjektiva]

having a serious or rigid manner

keras, kaku

Ex: The austere look on his face suggested he was upset or disapproving .Ekspresi **tegas** di wajahnya menyarankan bahwa dia kesal atau tidak setuju.

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brusque

[Adjektiva]

abrupt or curt in manner or speech, often coming across as rude or impatient

kasar, kaku

Ex: She found it challenging to communicate with him due to his brusque and dismissive attitude.Dia merasa sulit berkomunikasi dengannya karena sikapnya yang **kasar** dan meremehkan.

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callous

[Adjektiva]

showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for the feelings or suffering of others

tidak berperasaan, kejam

Ex: The teacher 's callous treatment of students who struggled with the material created a negative learning environment .Perlakuan **tanpa perasaan** guru terhadap siswa yang kesulitan dengan materi menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang negatif.

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crass

[Adjektiva]

lacking sensitivity, refinement, or tact, often displaying vulgarity or rudeness

kasar, tidak sopan

Ex: Despite his wealth , his crass displays of opulence only served to alienate him from his peers .Meskipun kekayaannya, tampilan **kasar** kemewahannya hanya membuatnya dijauhi oleh teman-temannya.

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obstreperous

[Adjektiva]

behaving in a wild or forceful manner that causes chaos

ribut, kacau

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truculence

[Kata benda]

a hostile, aggressive attitude marked by a refusal to cooperate or submit

kekasaran, sikap bermusuhan yang keras

Ex: Years of mistreatment had fueled the worker 's truculence toward management .Tahun-tahun perlakuan buruk telah memicu **sikap agresif** pekerja terhadap manajemen.

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to abominate

[kata kerja]

to hate something or someone intensely

membenci, sangat tidak menyukai

Ex: We abominate corruption in government and demand transparency and accountability .Kami **benci** korupsi di pemerintah dan menuntut transparansi dan akuntabilitas.

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animus

[Kata benda]

a deep-seated feeling of hostility and ill will directed at someone or something

kebencian, permusuhan

Ex: Some groups maintain animus against certain scientific theories that conflict with their core doctrines .Beberapa kelompok mempertahankan **permusuhan** terhadap teori-teori ilmiah tertentu yang bertentangan dengan doktrin inti mereka.

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antipathy

[Kata benda]

a strong feeling of hatred, opposition, or hostility

antipati, kebencian

Ex: Despite their antipathy, they managed to work together on the project.Meskipun ada **antipati**, mereka berhasil bekerja sama dalam proyek.

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to appall

[kata kerja]

to shock or horrify someone, causing them to feel alarmed or deeply unpleasantly surprised

mengejutkan, menggentarkan

Ex: The extent of the environmental damage caused by the oil spill appalled environmentalists worldwide.Besarnya kerusakan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh tumpahan minyak **menggemparkan** para pencinta lingkungan di seluruh dunia.

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averse

[Adjektiva]

strongly opposed to something

enggan, berlawanan

Ex: I ’m not averse to trying new activities , but I prefer something low-key .Saya tidak **menentang** mencoba aktivitas baru, tapi saya lebih suka sesuatu yang sederhana.

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to begrudge

[kata kerja]

to feel jealous or irritated because someone possesses something one desires

iri hati, kesal

Ex: We begrudged our colleague 's vacation time and wished we could take a break from work too .Kami **iri** dengan waktu liburan rekan kami dan berharap bisa istirahat dari pekerjaan juga.

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bellicose

[Adjektiva]

displaying a willingness to start an argument, fight, or war

mudah bertengkar, militer

Ex: Jake 's bellicose attitude often leads to arguments with his classmates .Sikap **mudah marah** Jake sering kali menyebabkan pertengkaran dengan teman sekelasnya.

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baleful

[Adjektiva]

having or likely to have a harmful or evil effect

berbahaya, jahat

Ex: The dog watched him with baleful eyes , low growl in its throat .Anjing itu menatapnya dengan mata **jahat**, geram rendah di tenggorokannya.

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formidable

[Adjektiva]

commanding great respect or fear due to having exceptional strength, excellence, or capabilities

dahsyat, mengagumkan

Ex: The mountain presented a formidable challenge to the climbers .Gunung itu menawarkan tantangan **hebat** bagi para pendaki.

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internecine

[Adjektiva]

involving deadly or violent conflict where all parties suffer severe losses

internal, merusak

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invidious

[Adjektiva]

causing offense or unhappiness due to being prejudice or unjust

tidak adil, menyinggung perasaan

Ex: The manager 's invidious favoritism was noticeable to everyone in the office .Favoritisme **tidak adil** manajer terlihat oleh semua orang di kantor.

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minatory

[Adjektiva]

giving the impression of a threat or suggesting something harmful or dangerous is likely to happen

mengancam, mencemaskan

Ex: The villain's minatory words hinted at what was to come.Kata-kata **mengancam** si penjahat mengisyaratkan apa yang akan terjadi.

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inimical

[Adjektiva]

not useful for friendly relations or mutual cooperation

permusuhan, antagonis

Ex: The inimical comments made by the politician towards minority groups sparked outrage and condemnation from the public .Komentar **permusuhan** yang dibuat oleh politikus terhadap kelompok minoritas memicu kemarahan dan kecaman dari publik.

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blatant

[Adjektiva]

done openly and shamelessly, with no effort to hide or disguise

terang-terangan, tak tahu malu

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noisome

[Adjektiva]

extremely repulsive and unpleasant, particularly to the sense of smell

menjijikkan, berbau busuk

Ex: The noisome smell of spoiled food permeated the kitchen and was unbearable.Bau **menjijikkan** dari makanan busuk meresap di dapur dan tak tertahankan.

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aloof

[Adjektiva]

unfriendly or reluctant to socializing

jauh, enggan

Ex: The new student remained aloof on the first day of school , making it challenging for others to approach her .Siswa baru itu tetap **menjauh** pada hari pertama sekolah, menyulitkan orang lain untuk mendekatinya.

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offish

[Adjektiva]

distant and reserved in manner, showing little warmth or friendliness

jauh, tertutup

Ex: Do n't take her offish manner personally , she 's just shy .Jangan anggap sikapnya yang **jauh** secara pribadi, dia hanya pemalu.

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vindictive

[Adjektiva]

showing a strong desire or tendency to seek revenge

pendendam, pembalas dendam

Ex: The vindictive ex-boyfriend spread false rumors to damage her reputation .Mantan pacar yang **pendendam** menyebarkan rumor palsu untuk merusak reputasinya.

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misanthrope

[Kata benda]

someone who dislikes, distrusts, or hates other human beings

misantrop, orang yang membenci atau tidak mempercayai manusia

Ex: After years of betrayal by friends and family , she became a misanthrope who distrusted everyone around her .Setelah bertahun-tahun dikhianati oleh teman dan keluarga, dia menjadi seorang **misantrop** yang tidak mempercayai siapa pun di sekitarnya.

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curmudgeon

[Kata benda]

a bad-tempered person who is easily annoyed and angered, usually old in age

pemarah, orang yang mudah marah

Ex: Everyone avoided the curmudgeon who lived next door due to his constant complaints .Semua orang menghindari **si pemarah** yang tinggal di sebelah karena keluhannya yang terus-menerus.

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termagant

[Kata benda]

a woman who is harsh-tempered, constantly scolding, and often quarrelsome

perempuan pemarah, perempuan yang suka mengomel

Ex: Living with a termagant wore down his patience .Hidup bersama seorang **perempuan cerewet** mengikis kesabarannya.

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rabid

[Adjektiva]

intensely fervent or fanatical in beliefs or actions

gila, fanatik

Ex: The author 's rabid fanbase eagerly awaited each new book release , lining up for hours to get their hands on a copy .Basis penggemar **fanatik** penulis dengan penuh semangat menantikan setiap rilis buku baru, mengantre selama berjam-jam untuk mendapatkan salinannya.

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acrimonious

[Adjektiva]

including a lot of anger, harsh arguments and negative emotions

pedas, keras

Ex: The political debate was so acrimonious that it overshadowed any meaningful discussion of the issues .Debat politik begitu **pedas** sehingga mengaburkan diskusi yang berarti tentang masalah.

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loath

[Adjektiva]

unwilling to do something due to a lack of will, motivation, or consent

enggan, tidak mau

Ex: The company was loath to invest in the new project without a detailed report .Perusahaan **enggan** berinvestasi dalam proyek baru tanpa laporan rinci.

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)

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