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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Hostilidad, Temperamento y Agresión

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
choleric
choleric
[Adjetivo]

easily angered or irritated

colérico

colérico

Ex: The team had to carefully navigate around his choleric reactions to avoid conflicts. 

El equipo tuvo que navegar cuidadosamente alrededor de sus reacciones coléricas para evitar conflictos.

churlish
churlish
[Adjetivo]

rude, ill-mannered, or surly in behavior

grosero

grosero

Ex: The churlish behavior of the customer made it difficult for the salesperson to assist them. 

El comportamiento grosero del cliente hizo difícil que el vendedor lo ayudara.

contentious
contentious
[Adjetivo]

inclined to argue or provoke disagreement

discutidor

discutidor

Ex: The family gathering became tense as the contentious relative expressed dissenting opinions. 

La reunión familiar se volvió tensa cuando el pariente contencioso expresó opiniones disidentes.

fractious
fractious
[Adjetivo]

unruly, defiant, or unwilling to submit to rules or leadership

díscolo

díscolo

Ex: His fractious behavior made him a challenge for any manager. 

Su comportamiento fractioso lo convertía en un desafío para cualquier manager.

irascible
irascible
[Adjetivo]

showing signs of anger

irascible

irascible

Ex: The teacher's irascible gestures intimidated the students. 

Los gestos irascibles del maestro intimidaban a los estudiantes.

petulant
petulant
[Adjetivo]

showing sudden impatience, especially over minor matters

malhumorado

malhumorado

Ex: The weather made him petulant, snapping at minor inconveniences. 

El clima lo hizo irritable, quejándose por inconvenientes menores.

sardonic
sardonic
[Adjetivo]

humorous in a manner that is cruel and disrespectful

sardónico

sardónico

Ex: Her sardonic tone when discussing her colleague’s promotion showed her jealousy and disdain. 

Su tono sardónico al discutir el ascenso de su colega mostraba su envidia y desdén.

fretful
fretful
[Adjetivo]

irritable or agitated, often expressing dissatisfaction or annoyance with trivial matters

quejumbroso

quejumbroso

Ex: The fretful employee continuously criticized the office environment, finding fault with everything from the temperature to the office furniture. 

El empleado irritable criticaba continuamente el ambiente de la oficina, encontrando fallas en todo, desde la temperatura hasta los muebles de la oficina.

huffy
huffy
[Adjetivo]

easily offended or quick to take things personally

susceptible, quisquilloso

susceptible, quisquilloso

Ex: She's huffy about her cooking, so be careful what you say. 

Ella es susceptible sobre su cocina, así que ten cuidado con lo que dices.

peevish
peevish
[Adjetivo]

easily irritated, especially over trivial matters

malhumorado

malhumorado

Ex: The peevish customer complained about the smallest imperfections in her meal. 

El cliente quisquilloso se quejó de las más pequeñas imperfecciones en su comida.

waspish
waspish
[Adjetivo]

easily irritated and likely to speak or act in a sharp, stinging, or spiteful manner

irritable, malhumorado

irritable, malhumorado

Ex: The waspish tone in his voice warned me to drop the subject. 

El tono irritable en su voz me advirtió que dejara el tema.

crotchety
crotchety
[Adjetivo]

bad-tempered or prone to complaining

cascarrabias, malhumorado

cascarrabias, malhumorado

Ex: His crotchety remarks during the meeting made everyone uncomfortable. 

Sus comentarios cascarrabias durante la reunión hicieron que todos se sintieran incómodos.

curt
curt
[Adjetivo]

abruptly brief in a way that is considered as impatient, dismissive, or impolite

seco

seco

Ex: When I asked for help again, she gave me a curt "No" without further explanation. 

Cuando volví a pedir ayuda, me dio un seco "No" sin más explicación.

pugnacious
pugnacious
[Adjetivo]

eager to start a fight or argument

pugnaz, belicoso

pugnaz, belicoso

Ex: Her pugnacious response to criticism was unexpected but not entirely surprising. 

Su respuesta pugnaz a las críticas fue inesperada pero no del todo sorprendente.

abrasive
abrasive
[Adjetivo]

behaving in a mean and disrespectful manner with no concern for others

áspero

áspero

Ex: The team struggled with his abrasive way of giving feedback. 

El equipo luchó con su forma abrasiva de dar retroalimentación.

asperity
asperity
[Sustantivo]

harshness or sharpness of tone, manner, or temper

aspereza

aspereza

Ex: The manager's asperity discouraged open discussion. 

La asperidad del gerente desalentó la discusión abierta.

austere
austere
[Adjetivo]

having a serious or rigid manner

austero, rígido

austero, rígido

Ex: Her austere demeanor made her seem unapproachable to the staff. 

Su semblante austero hacía que pareciera inaccesible para el personal.

brusque
brusque
[Adjetivo]

abrupt or curt in manner or speech, often coming across as rude or impatient

brusco

brusco

Ex: Despite his brusque demeanor, he was actually quite friendly once you got to know him. 

A pesar de su actitud brusca, en realidad era bastante amigable una vez que lo conocías.

callous
callous
[Adjetivo]

showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for the feelings or suffering of others

cruel

cruel

Ex: Despite her friend's difficult situation, she remained callous and indifferent to their struggles. 

A pesar de la difícil situación de su amiga, ella permaneció insensible e indiferente a sus luchas.

crass
crass
[Adjetivo]

lacking sensitivity, refinement, or tact, often displaying vulgarity or rudeness

burdo

burdo

Ex: She was taken aback by the crass behavior of her coworker, who showed no regard for professional etiquette. 

Ella quedó desconcertada por el comportamiento grosero de su compañero de trabajo, que no mostró respeto por la etiqueta profesional.

obstreperous
obstreperous
[Adjetivo]

behaving in a wild or forceful manner that causes chaos

alborotador

alborotador

Ex: The party grew obstreperous as guests danced on furniture and blasted music. 

La fiesta se volvió alborotada mientras los invitados bailaban sobre los muebles y ponían la música a todo volumen.

truculence
truculence
[Sustantivo]

a hostile, aggressive attitude marked by a refusal to cooperate or submit

truculencia, actitud hostil y agresiva

truculencia, actitud hostil y agresiva

Ex: She faced the criticism with open truculence. 

Ella enfrentó las críticas con truculencia abierta.

to abominate

to hate something or someone intensely

abominar, detestar

abominar, detestar

Ex: They abominate racism and actively work to promote racial equality. 

Ellos aborrecen el racismo y trabajan activamente para promover la igualdad racial.

animus
animus
[Sustantivo]

a deep-seated feeling of hostility and ill will directed at someone or something

animosidad

animosidad

Ex: Some groups maintain animus against certain scientific theories that conflict with their core doctrines. 

Algunos grupos mantienen un ánimo contra ciertas teorías científicas que entran en conflicto con sus doctrinas fundamentales.

antipathy
antipathy
[Sustantivo]

a strong feeling of hatred, opposition, or hostility

antipatía

antipatía

Ex: There was an obvious antipathy between the two rival politicians. 

Había una antipatía evidente entre los dos políticos rivales.

to appall
to appall
[Verbo]

to shock or horrify someone, causing them to feel alarmed or deeply unpleasantly surprised

consternar, horrorizar

consternar, horrorizar

Ex: The cruelty towards animals in the documentary appalled viewers, sparking calls for change. 

La crueldad hacia los animales en el documental horrorizó a los espectadores, provocando llamados al cambio.

averse
averse
[Adjetivo]

strongly opposed to something

reacio

reacio

Ex: He expressed that he was averse to traveling long distances for work. 

Expresó que era averse a viajar largas distancias por trabajo.

to begrudge

to feel jealous or irritated because someone possesses something one desires

envidiar, resentir

envidiar, resentir

Ex: He begrudges his neighbor's new car and wishes he could afford one like it. 

Él envidia el coche nuevo de su vecino y desearía poder permitirse uno igual.

bellicose
bellicose
[Adjetivo]

displaying a willingness to start an argument, fight, or war

belicoso

belicoso

Ex: The movie character's bellicose nature made him a formidable opponent in the storyline. 

La naturaleza belicosa del personaje de la película lo convirtió en un oponente formidable en la trama.

baleful
baleful
[Adjetivo]

having or likely to have a harmful or evil effect

torvo

torvo

Ex: From the moment she joined the toxic work environment, the baleful atmosphere of negativity and backstabbing took a toll on her mental well-being. 

Desde el momento en que se unió al entorno laboral tóxico, la atmósfera maligna de negatividad y puñaladas por la espalda afectó su bienestar mental.

formidable
formidable
[Adjetivo]

commanding great respect or fear due to having exceptional strength, excellence, or capabilities

formidable

formidable

Ex: The company's formidable reputation in the industry ensured its continued success. 

La reputación formidable de la empresa en la industria aseguró su éxito continuo.

internecine
internecine
[Adjetivo]

involving deadly or violent conflict where all parties suffer severe losses

interno

interno

Ex: An internecine clash between rival gangs resulted in dozens of casualties. 

Un enfrentamiento interno entre pandillas rivales resultó en docenas de víctimas.

invidious
invidious
[Adjetivo]

causing offense or unhappiness due to being prejudice or unjust

injusto

injusto

Ex: His invidious behavior during the meeting made others feel uncomfortable. 

Su comportamiento injusto durante la reunión hizo que los demás se sintieran incómodos.

minatory
minatory
[Adjetivo]

giving the impression of a threat or suggesting something harmful or dangerous is likely to happen

amenazador, inquietante

amenazador, inquietante

Ex: The letter had a minatory tone that unsettled her. 

La carta tenía un tono amenazador que la inquietó.

inimical
inimical
[Adjetivo]

not useful for friendly relations or mutual cooperation

adverso

adverso

Ex: The inimical rivalry between the two soccer teams escalated into physical altercations both on and off the field. 

La rivalidad inimistosa entre los dos equipos de fútbol escaló hasta convertirse en altercados físicos tanto dentro como fuera del campo.

blatant
blatant
[Adjetivo]

done openly and shamelessly, with no effort to hide or disguise

flagrante, descarado

flagrante, descarado

Ex: It was a blatant attempt to cheat on the exam. 

Fue un intento flagrante de hacer trampa en el examen.

noisome
noisome
[Adjetivo]

extremely repulsive and unpleasant, particularly to the sense of smell

nocivo

nocivo

Ex: The noisome odor from the landfill made it difficult to stay nearby. 

El olor repugnante del vertedero hacía difícil permanecer cerca.

aloof
aloof
[Adjetivo]

unfriendly or reluctant to socializing

distante

distante

Ex: The cat, known for its aloof nature, preferred to keep to itself and avoided human interaction. 

El gato, conocido por su naturaleza distante, prefería mantenerse alejado y evitaba la interacción humana.

offish
offish
[Adjetivo]

distant and reserved in manner, showing little warmth or friendliness

distante, reservado

distante, reservado

Ex: I thought he was angry, but he's just naturally offish. 

Pensé que estaba enojado, pero es naturalmente distante.

vindictive
vindictive
[Adjetivo]

showing a strong desire or tendency to seek revenge

vengativo

vengativo

Ex: His vindictive nature led him to seek revenge against anyone who opposed him. 

Su naturaleza vengativa lo llevó a buscar venganza contra cualquiera que se le opusiera.

misanthrope
misanthrope
[Sustantivo]

someone who dislikes, distrusts, or hates other human beings

misántropo

misántropo

Ex: The character was a classic misanthrope who distrusted everyone and believed no one was truly honest. 

El personaje era un misántropo clásico que desconfiaba de todos y creía que nadie era realmente honesto.

curmudgeon
curmudgeon
[Sustantivo]

a bad-tempered person who is easily annoyed and angered, usually old in age

cascarrabias

cascarrabias

Ex: Her grandfather played the role of the curmudgeon, always grumbling about the weather. 

Su abuelo interpretaba el papel del gruñón, siempre quejándose del clima.

termagant
termagant
[Sustantivo]

a woman who is harsh-tempered, constantly scolding, and often quarrelsome

arpía, bruja

arpía, bruja

Ex: He avoided the termagant landlord whenever possible. 

Él evitaba al propietario regañón siempre que era posible.

rabid
rabid
[Adjetivo]

intensely fervent or fanatical in beliefs or actions

rabioso

rabioso

Ex: His rabid devotion to his political ideology blinded him to any opposing viewpoints. 

Su devoción rabiosa por su ideología política lo cegó ante cualquier punto de vista opuesto.

acrimonious
acrimonious
[Adjetivo]

including a lot of anger, harsh arguments and negative emotions

enconado

enconado

Ex: The acrimonious dispute between the neighbors over property lines seemed never-ending. 

La disputa ácrimoniosa entre los vecinos por los límites de la propiedad parecía interminable.

loath
loath
[Adjetivo]

unwilling to do something due to a lack of will, motivation, or consent

reacio

reacio

Ex: As an introvert, Tracy was loath to attend large social gatherings that drained her energy. 

Como introvertida, Tracy era reacia a asistir a grandes reuniones sociales que agotaban su energía.

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