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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Accademico - Test 2 - Lettura - Passaggio 2 (2)

Learn vocabulary from the second part of Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 2 Reading Passage 2, with useful words and expressions from the text.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
fallible
fallible
[aggettivo]

(of humans) liable to make mistakes or to be imperfect, unlike divine beings

fallibile, soggetto a errori

fallibile, soggetto a errori

Ex: In many fictional stories, certain characters are portrayed as infallible, while human characters exhibit their fallible nature through mistakes and imperfections. 

In molte storie di finzione, certi personaggi sono ritratti come infallibili, mentre i personaggi umani mostrano la loro natura fallibile attraverso errori e imperfezioni.

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for the sake of {sb/sth}

because of caring about someone or something and wanting to make a situation better for them

Per il bene di

Per il bene di

Ex: I only went for Kay’s sake. 

Sono andato solo per amore di Kay.

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ethically
ethically
[avverbio]

in a manner that is morally right or good

eticamente

eticamente

Ex: The judge made decisions ethically to ensure justice for everyone involved. 

Il giudice ha preso decisioni eticamente per garantire la giustizia per tutti i coinvolti.

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cognitively
cognitively
[avverbio]

with regard to thinking processes, learning, or understanding, particularly focusing on mental activities and acquiring knowledge

cognitive

cognitive

Ex: The learning app supports students cognitively, adapting to individual learning styles. 

L'app di apprendimento supporta gli studenti cognitiveamente, adattandosi agli stili di apprendimento individuali.

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the moral high ground

a claim that one has moral superiority over others

l'altura morale

l'altura morale

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route
route
[sostantivo]

a way or method that leads to a certain goal or result

percorso, via

percorso, via

Ex: Education can provide a route out of poverty. 
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to steer
to steer
[Verbo]

to influence or direct the way a situation, activity, or course of action develops

orientare,  dirigere

orientare, dirigere

Ex: The negotiations were steered toward a compromise acceptable to both sides. 
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direction
direction
[sostantivo]

a general course along which something has a tendency to develop

direzione, tendenza

direzione, tendenza

Ex: Recent changes suggest a new direction in the industry. 
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utopian
utopian
[aggettivo]

unrealistic or impossible to fully achieve in the real world

utopico, irrealizzabile

utopico, irrealizzabile

Ex: The utopian plan to eliminate poverty ignored practical challenges. 

Il piano utopico per eliminare la povertà ignorava le sfide pratiche.

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vision
vision
[sostantivo]

a mental image of what one wants or hopes to achieve in the future

visione

visione

Ex: The project reflects a long-term vision for the community. 
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destination
destination
[sostantivo]

the ultimate purpose or end for which someone or something is intended

destinazione

destinazione

Ex: The final destination of the reform was a more efficient public service. 
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sufficient
sufficient
[aggettivo]

having enough of something to meet a particular need or requirement

sufficiente, adeguato

sufficiente, adeguato

Ex: The evidence presented in court was deemed sufficient to convict the defendant. 

Le prove presentate in tribunale sono state ritenute sufficienti per condannare l'imputato.

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clarity
clarity
[sostantivo]

the quality of being easily understood or recognized

chiarezza

chiarezza

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given
given
[Preposizione]

used to indicate that something is provided or accepted as a basis for a particular situation or argument

dato, considerato

dato, considerato

Ex: Given his experience, he was the obvious choice for the job. 
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tribal
tribal
[aggettivo]

associated with a social group of people who share common ancestry, language, and traditions, and often reside in a specific geographic area

tribale, di tribù

tribale, di tribù

Ex: The tribal elders gathered to discuss matters of governance and tradition within the community. 

Gli anziani tribali si sono riuniti per discutere questioni di governance e tradizione all'interno della comunità.

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conflicted
conflicted
[aggettivo]

experiencing contradictory feelings, thoughts, or emotions, often resulting from having to make a difficult choice

conflittuale, diviso

conflittuale, diviso

Ex: She was conflicted about forgiving her friend for betraying her trust. 

Era in conflitto sul perdonare la sua amica per aver tradito la sua fiducia.

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suffering
suffering
[sostantivo]

physical or mental pain, distress, or unhappiness

sofferenza

sofferenza

Ex: Years of conflict brought widespread pain and suffering. 
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to contribute

to be one of the causes or reasons that helps something happen

contribuire

contribuire

Ex: Her insights contributed to the development of the innovative idea. 
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to point
to point
[Verbo]

to focus or direct something towards a specific target

puntare, dirigere

puntare, dirigere

Ex: She pointed the laser at the screen. 
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in {one's} hands

used to mean that one has control, responsibility, or authority over something

nelle sue mani, sotto la sua responsabilità

nelle sue mani, sotto la sua responsabilità

Ex: If the investigation is in their hands, we should expect a fair result. 

Se l'indagine è nelle loro mani, possiamo aspettarci un risultato giusto.

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guide
guide
[sostantivo]

a person who leads or advises others on the way to go

guida, mentore

guida, mentore

Ex: Her mentor was a guide during difficult decisions. 
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to sacrifice

to give up something valuable or important in order to achieve or protect something considered more important

sacrificare,  rinunciare a

sacrificare, rinunciare a

Ex: He sacrificed his chance of promotion to care for his father. 
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autonomy
autonomy
[sostantivo]

the ability or freedom to make decisions and act independently

autonomia,  indipendenza

autonomia, indipendenza

Ex: Good managers give experienced staff enough autonomy to solve problems on their own. 
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to discourage

to prevent or persuade someone from taking a particular action or pursuing a specific course of action

scoraggiare,  dissuadere

scoraggiare, dissuadere

Ex: The mentor's encouragement and support helped discourage the mentee from giving up on their career aspirations. 
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lapse
lapse
[sostantivo]

a temporary failure or gap in judgment, memory, or concentration

lapsus, mancanza

lapsus, mancanza

Ex: After a brief lapse, they resumed their discussion on the important topic. 

Dopo una breve lacuna, hanno ripreso la loro discussione sull'argomento importante.

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presently
presently
[avverbio]

at the moment or present time

attualmente

attualmente

Ex: The project is presently ahead of schedule, thanks to the efficient team. 

Il progetto è attualmente in anticipo rispetto al programma, grazie al team efficiente.

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to [take] {sb/sth} for granted

to not appreciate a person or thing because one thinks one will never lose them

dare per scontato, non apprezzare

dare per scontato, non apprezzare

Ex: Never take your health for granted. 

Non dare mai per scontata la tua salute.

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to discriminate

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

fare delle discriminazioni

fare delle discriminazioni

Ex: The school was criticized for discriminating against students of certain religious backgrounds. 

La scuola è stata criticata per discriminare gli studenti di determinati background religiosi.

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in favor of
in favor of
[Preposizione]

used to show support for something

a favore di, per

a favore di, per

Ex: Many people are in favor of the idea of clean energy. 

Molte persone sono a favore dell'idea dell'energia pulita.

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to deny
to deny
[Verbo]

to restrain oneself from having something

privarsi, negarsi

privarsi, negarsi

Ex: He denied himself the convenience of taking the elevator, choosing instead to climb the stairs for exercise. 
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ethical
ethical
[aggettivo]

sticking to principles of right and wrong conduct and moral standards

etico, morale

etico, morale

Ex: They faced a dilemma but ultimately made the ethical decision, even though it was harder. 

Hanno affrontato un dilemma ma alla fine hanno preso la decisione etica, anche se è stata più difficile.

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silicon
silicon
[sostantivo]

(chemistry) a nonmetallic element, abundant in the earth's crust, used as a semiconductor in electronics

silicio,  silicio

silicio, silicio

Ex: The scientist heated silicon with oxygen to form silicon dioxide, or glass. 
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to notice
to notice
[Verbo]

to become aware of something through seeing, hearing, or feeling it

notare, accorgersi

notare, accorgersi

Ex: He noticed a strange smell in the kitchen when he walked in. 
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far-fetched
far-fetched
[aggettivo]

not probable and difficult to believe

inverosimile

inverosimile

Ex: The idea of time travel still seems far-fetched to most scientists. 

L'idea del viaggio nel tempo sembra ancora inverosimile alla maggior parte degli scienziati.

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input
input
[sostantivo]

the information or events that stimulate action or response

input, contributo

input, contributo

Ex: The input received during the brainstorming session sparked new ideas for the project. 
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resource
resource
[sostantivo]

(usually plural) means such as equipment, money, manpower, etc. that a person or organization can benefit from

risorsa

risorsa

Ex: She utilized her network of contacts as a valuable resource for career advancement. 
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role
role
[sostantivo]

a set of actions and responsibilities that are assigned to a person or group within a specific context

ruolo

ruolo

Ex: My role is to make sure the work is completed on time. 
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efficiently
efficiently
[avverbio]

with minimum waste of resources or energy

efficientemente

efficientemente

Ex: The new software system allows employees to process orders more efficiently, reducing manual errors. 

Il nuovo sistema software consente ai dipendenti di elaborare gli ordini in modo più efficiente, riducendo gli errori manuali.

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to act
to act
[Verbo]

to do something for a special reason

agire, recitare

agire, recitare

Ex: We need to act before the problem gets worse. 
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in the interest of
in the interest of
[Preposizione]

with consideration for the benefit, well-being, or advantage of someone or something

nell'interesse di, a beneficio di

nell'interesse di, a beneficio di

Ex: The organization made budget cuts in the interest of financial stability. 

L'organizzazione ha effettuato tagli al budget nell'interesse di la stabilità finanziaria.

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taxpayer
taxpayer
[sostantivo]

a person who pays or is required to pay taxes

contribuente,  pagatore di tasse

contribuente, pagatore di tasse

Ex: Daniel contacted the tax office to ask about his rights as a taxpayer. 
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to deprive of

to take away or deny someone or something the possession or enjoyment of a particular thing

privare di, spogliare di

privare di, spogliare di

Ex: Overuse of natural resources can deprive future generations of the benefits derived from a sustainable environment. 

L'uso eccessivo delle risorse naturali può privare le generazioni future dei benefici derivanti da un ambiente sostenibile.

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senior
senior
[aggettivo]

having a higher status or rank than someone else within an organization, profession, or hierarchy

superiore

superiore

Ex: The senior officer led the unit with confidence and professionalism during challenging situations. 
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to treat
to treat
[Verbo]

to deal with or behave toward someone or something in a particular way

trattare

trattare

Ex: They treated the child like a member of their own family. 
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equally
equally
[avverbio]

in a fair and even manner, without favoring one over the other

ugualmente

ugualmente

Ex: The restaurant ensures that portions are served equally to all customers. 

Il ristorante assicura che le porzioni siano servite ugualmente a tutti i clienti.

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to specify
to specify
[Verbo]

to clearly define or state specific details, characteristics, or requirements

specificare,  dettagliare

specificare, dettagliare

Ex: The recipe specifies the precise measurements of each ingredient for accurate cooking. 
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trough
trough
[sostantivo]

a period or point when activity, success, or satisfaction is at its lowest level

avvallamento, periodo di bassa

avvallamento, periodo di bassa

Ex: After months of success, the team hit a trough in performance. 

Dopo mesi di successo, la squadra ha raggiunto un minimo nelle prestazioni.

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gatekeeper
gatekeeper
[sostantivo]

someone who controls access to something

guardiano della porta, portiere

guardiano della porta, portiere

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to stick to

to continue doing something even though there are some hardships

attenersi a, perseverare in

attenersi a, perseverare in

Ex: The team stuck to their strategy, even when they were losing the game. 

La squadra ha mantenuto la propria strategia, anche quando stava perdendo la partita.

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